pattern [ 'pætən] n.型，式样，模，模型
pattern [ 'pætən] vt.仿制，仿造，模仿
pattern ['pætən] n. 式样,模式,样品
pattern ['pætən] 模式
全方位、多层次、宽领域的对外开放格局 all-dimensional, multitiered and wide-ranging opening pattern
形成全方位、多层次、宽领域的开放格局 form an all-directional, multi-layered and wide-ranging opening pattern
消费结构 pattern of consumption
以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side
Distinct grain pattern 清晰的木纹图案
pattern sample 型式样品
patterns 花样
flower pattern 花纹花样
Green Paper on A Pattern of District Administration in Hong Kong [1980] 《香港地方行政的模式绿皮书》〔一九八零年〕
voting pattern 投票模式
Joint face of a pattern 分模面
模式识别与智能系统 Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems
换档指令发生器
shift pattern generator
When patterns are broken, new worlds can emerge.
当旧模式被打破，新的世界就出现了。
These are defensive behaviour patterns which derive from our subconscious fears.
这些防范的行为模式源自于我们潜意识里的恐惧。
It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types, however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits.
用其他方式来展示神经类型的细微差别也是可能的，然而，要证明脉冲质量和传导受到这些差别的影响还缺乏证据，看起来这些差别影响的是神经单元的发展形成方式。
This cloth has a pattern of blue and white squares.
这种布有蓝白格子的图案。
All our garments are now poly-cotton, which is stronger, needs little ironing, and allows variations in patterns.
现在我们的服装都是涤棉料的，质地坚韧，不用熨烫并且花样繁多。
Line pair pattern 线对检测图
Pattern 探伤图形
alternate tiers row pattern 交错码放
block pattern row pattern 整齐码放
brick pattern 砌砖式码放
palletizing pattern 托盘装载方式
pinwheel pattern 针轮式码放
The more you fight something, the more anxious you become ---the more you're involved in a bad pattern, the more difficult it is to escape.
Seebohm Caroline, British Physician
你越是为了解决问题而拼斗，你就越变得急躁——在错误的思路中陷得越深，也越难摆脱痛苦。
英国医生卡罗琳S
pattern n. 模范,典型,式样,模式,样品,格调,图案;vt. 模仿,仿造,以图案装饰;vi. 形成图案
pattern n. 模范,典型,式样,模式,样品,格调,图案;vt. 模仿,仿造,以图案装饰;vi.形成图案
We found the goods didn't agree with the original patterns.
我们发现货物与原式样不符。
图案 design; pattern
形成图案 pattern
不拘一格 [bù jū yī gé] /not stick to one pattern/
程式 [chéng shì] /form/pattern/formula/program/
范 [fàn] /pattern/model/example/(surname)/
方式 [fāng shì] /way (of life)/pattern/style/mode/manner/
格局 [gé jú] /(n) structure; pattern/
规率 [guī lǜ] /law/pattern/
花 [huā] /flower/blossom/to spend (money, time)/fancy pattern/
花样 [huā yàng] /(n) pattern; type/(n) trick/
模 [mó] /imitate/model/norm/pattern/
模型 [mó xíng] /model/mould/matrix/pattern/
模形 [mó xíng] /pattern/
式 [shì] /type/form/pattern/style/
图案 [tú àn] /design/pattern/
形态 [xíng tài] /shape/form/pattern/
训 [xùn] /example/pattern/to teach/to train/instruction/
样 [yàng] /manner/pattern/way/appearance/shape/
But the sources of distrust go way deeper.
但这种对媒体的不信任有更深刻的根源。
Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day's events.
多数新闻记者都学着用一套标准的模式去看待世界，并把每天发生的事件纳入这种模式。
In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.
换言之，在媒介机构的新闻采编室文化中存在着一套约定俗成的写作模式，为纷繁复杂的新闻报道提供了一个主干框架和一个现成的故事叙述结构。
Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the "odd balls" among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who "work well with the team."
如果像他们的论文所反映的那样，科学家也想看到规律性和与某种标准模式的一致性，那么如果管理人员歧视研究人员中的“标新立异者”，而赞赏“善于合作”的具有传统思维模式的人，那也是无可指摘的。
Americans have been migrating south and west in larger numbers since World War II, and the pattern still prevails.
第二次世界大战以来，美国人大量向南部和西部迁移，而且这种趋势如今仍很盛行。
And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns.
Visitors who fail to "translate" cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions.
当然，会讲一种语言并不意味着就理解该语言的社会和文化模式。不能正确“诠释”文化含义的旅行者往往得出错误的结论。
For example, when an American uses the word "friend", the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor's language and culture.
例如，美国人所说的“朋友”一词，其文化含义可能与旅行者语言和文化中的“朋友”大相径庭。
It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest.
要想正确区分礼貌是出于文化习俗还是个人兴趣，单凭一次公共汽车上的偶遇是不够的。
{adj: allover} covering the entire surface
"an allover pattern"
"got an allover tan"
{adj: ambiguous} having no intrinsic or objective meaning; not organized in conventional patterns
"an ambiguous situation with no frame of reference"
"ambiguous inkblots"
{adj: archetypal, archetypical, prototypal, prototypic, prototypical} representing or constituting an original type after which other similar things are patterned
"archetypal patterns"
"she was the prototypal student activist"
{adj: basic, canonic, canonical} reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible without loss of generality
"a basic story line"
"a canonical syllable pattern"
{adj: black-and-tan} having a pattern of black and tan
{adj: black-barred} having a pattern consisting of black bars
{adj: blazing, blinding, dazzling, fulgent, glaring, glary} shining intensely
"the blazing sun"
"blinding headlights"
"dazzling snow"
"fulgent patterns of sunlight"
"the glaring sun"
{adj: brindled, brindle, brinded, tabby} having a grey or brown streak or a pattern or a patchy coloring; used especially of the patterned fur of cats
{adj: brocaded, embossed, raised} embellished with a raised pattern created by pressure or embroidery
"brocaded silk"
"an embossed satin"
"embossed leather"
"raised needlework"
"raised metalwork"
{adj: burled} (of wood) have a pattern from the grain of a tree burl
{adj: calico} made of calico or resembling calico in being patterned
"calico dresses"
"a calico cat"
{adj: checked, checkered, chequered} patterned with alternating squares of color
{adj: clear, clean-cut, clear-cut} clear and distinct to the senses; easily perceptible
"as clear as a whistle"
"clear footprints in the snow"
"the letter brought back a clear image of his grandfather"
"a spire clean-cut against the sky"
"a clear-cut pattern"
{adj: cyclonic, cyclonal, cyclonical} of or relating to or characteristic of the atmosphere around a low pressure center
"cyclonic cloud pattern"
{adj: damascene} (of metals) decorated or inlaid with a wavy pattern of different (especially precious) metals
"a damascened sword"
{adj: damask} having a woven pattern
"damask table linens"
{adj: deprived, disadvantaged} marked by deprivation especially of the necessities of life or healthful environmental influences
"a childhood that was unhappy and deprived, the family living off charity"
"boys from a deprived environment, wherein the family life revealed a pattern of neglect, moral degradation, and disregard for law"
{adj: dotted, flecked, specked, speckled, stippled} having a pattern of dots
{adj: elaborate, luxuriant} marked by complexity and richness of detail
"an elaborate lace pattern"
{adj: fanciful} having a curiously intricate quality
"a fanciful pattern with intertwined vines and flowers"
{adj: figured} (of e.g. fabric design) adorned with patterns
"my dress is richly figured"- Amy Lowell
{adj: fossilized, fossilised, ossified} set in a rigidly conventional pattern of behavior, habits, or beliefs
"obsolete fossilized ways"
"an ossified bureaucratic system"
{adj: fretted, interlaced, latticed, latticelike} having a pattern of fretwork or latticework
{adj: genotypical, genotypic} of or relating to or constituting a genotype
"genotypical pattern"
{adj: hideous, horrid, horrific, outrageous} grossly offensive to decency or morality; causing horror
"subjected to outrageous cruelty"
"a hideous pattern of injustice"
"horrific conditions in the mining industry"
{adj: inwrought} having a decorative pattern worked or woven in
"an inwrought design"
{adj: laid, set} set down according to a plan:"a carefully laid table with places set for four people"
"stones laid in a pattern"
{adj: looped, whorled} like the pattern basic to the human fingerprint
{adj: marbled, marbleized, marbleised} patterned with veins or streaks or color resembling marble
"marbleized pink skin"
{adj: moire, watered} (of silk fabric) having a wavelike pattern
{adj: mutable, changeable} capable of or tending to change in form or quality or nature
"a mutable substance"
"the mutable ways of fortune"
"mutable weather patterns"
"a mutable foreign policy"
<-> immutable
{adj: nonconformist, unconformist} not conforming to some norm or socially approved pattern of behavior or thought
"their rabidly nonconformist deportment has made them legendary"
"the old stubborn nonconformist spirit of the early settlers"
<-> conformist
{adj: overall} involving only main features
"the overall pattern of his life"
{adj: patterned} having patterns (especially colorful patterns)
<-> plain
{adj: pebble-grained} (of leather) having a rough surface as the result of being treated with a patterned roller
{adj: plain, unpatterned} lacking patterns especially in color
<-> patterned
{adj: psychedelic} having the vivid colors and bizarre patterns associated with psychedelic states
"a psychedelic painting"
{adj: quilted} made of layers of fabric held together by patterned stitching
{adj: radial, stellate} arranged like rays or radii; radiating from a common center
"radial symmetry"
"a starlike or stellate arrangement of petals"
"many cities show a radial pattern of main highways"
{adj: rectilinear, rectilineal} characterized by a straight line or lines
"rectilinear patterns in wallpaper"
"the rectilinear propagation of light"
{adj: regular} conforming to a standard or pattern
"following the regular procedure of the legislature"
"a regular electrical outlet"
{adj: retained, maintained} continued in your keeping or use or memory
"in...the retained pattern of dancers and guests remembered"
{adj: right} (of the side of cloth or clothing) facing or intended to face outward
"the right side of the cloth showed the pattern"
"be sure your shirt is right side out"
{adj: scalar} of or relating to a musical scale
"he played some basic scalar patterns on his guitar"
{adj: scalic} of or related to a musical scale
"scalic patterns"
{adj: slashed} patterned by having color applied with sweeping strokes
"brown iris...slashed with yellow"- Willa Cather
{adj: unoriginal} not original; not being or productive of something fresh and unusual
"the manuscript contained unoriginal emendations"
"his life had been unoriginal, conforming completely to the given pattern"- Gwethalyn Graham
<-> original
{adj: white} of or belonging to a racial group having light skin coloration
"voting patterns within the white population"
<-> black
{adj: zonal} associated with or divided into zones
"a zonal pattern of cell structure"
"zonal division"
<-> azonal
{n: Albers, Josef Albers} United States painter born in Germany; works characterized by simple geometrical patterns in various colors (1888-1976)
{n: Brussels carpet} a carpet with a strong linen warp and a heavy pile of colored woolen yarns drawn up in uncut loops to form a pattern
{n: Cotoneaster horizontalis} deciduous flat-growing shrub with a fanned herringbone pattern and having reddish flowers and orange-red berries; used as a ground cover
{n: El Nino southern oscillation} a more intense El Nino that occurs every few years when the welling up of cold nutrient-rich water does not occur; kills plankton and fish and affects weather patterns
{n: Horner's syndrome} a pattern of symptoms occurring as a result of damage to nerves in the cervical region of the spine (drooping eyelids and constricted pupils and absence of facial sweating)
{n: Jacquard, Joseph M. Jacquard, Joseph Marie Jacquard} French inventor of the Jacquard loom that could automatically weave complicated patterns (1752-1834)
{n: Petrarchan sonnet, Italian sonnet} a sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd
{n: Scleroderma citrinum, Scleroderma aurantium} an earthball fungus that is a dingy brownish yellow and a dark purplish interior; the peridium is covered with a pattern of small warts
{n: Scrabble} a board game in which words are formed from letters in patterns similar to a crossword puzzle; each letter has a value and those values are used to score the game
{n: Shakespearean sonnet, Elizabethan sonnet, English sonnet} a sonnet consisting three quatrains and a concluding couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab cdcd efef gg
{n: Spenserian sonnet} a sonnet consisting of three quatrains and a concluding couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab bcbd cdcd ee
{n: Spenserian stanza} a stanza with eight lines of iambic pentameter and a concluding Alexandrine with the rhyme pattern abab bcbc c
"the Spenserian stanza was introduced by Edmund Spenser in The Faerie Queene"
{n: Toynbee, Arnold Toynbee, Arnold Joseph Toynbee} English historian who studied the rise and fall of civilizations looking for cyclical patterns (1889-1975)
{n: Valenciennes, Valenciennes lace} a type of bobbin lace with floral patterns
{n: X-linked dominant inheritance} hereditary pattern in which a dominant gene on the X chromosome causes a characteristic to be manifested in the offspring
{n: X-linked recessive inheritance} hereditary pattern in which a recessive gene on the X chromosome results in the manifestation of characteristics in male offspring and a carrier state in female offspring
{n: X-ray diffraction} the scattering of X rays by the atoms of a crystal; the diffraction pattern shows structure of the crystal
{n: accent, speech pattern} distinctive manner of oral expression
"he couldn't suppress his contemptuous accent"
"she had a very clear speech pattern"
{n: analyst} an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions
{n: argus, argus pheasant} large brilliantly patterned East Indian pheasant
{n: argyle, argyll} a design consisting of a pattern of varicolored diamonds on a solid background (originally for knitted articles); patterned after the tartan of a clan in western Scotland
{n: blueprint, design, pattern} something intended as a guide for making something else
"a blueprint for a house"
"a pattern for a skirt"
{n: bracelet wood, Jacquinia armillaris} small West Indian shrub or tree with hard glossy seeds patterned yellow and brown that are used to make bracelets
{n: braille} a point system of writing in which patterns of raised dots represent letters and numerals
{n: brocade} thick heavy expensive material with a raised pattern
{n: caladium} any plant of the genus Caladium cultivated for their ornamental foliage variously patterned in white or pink or red
{n: candlewick} loops of soft yarn are cut to give a tufted pattern
{n: cardioid microphone} a directional microphone with a cardioid pattern of sensitivity
{n: carpet snake, Python variegatus, Morelia spilotes variegatus} Australian python with a variegated pattern on its back
{n: chainlink fence} a fence of steel wires woven into a diamond pattern
{n: check} a textile pattern of squares or crossed lines (resembling a checkerboard)
"she wore a skirt with checks"
{n: chinoiserie} a style in art reflecting Chinese influence; elaborately decorated and intricately patterned
{n: collembolan, springtail} any of numerous minute wingless primitive insects possessing a special abdominal appendage that allows the characteristic nearly perpetual springing pattern; found in soil rich in organic debris or on the surface of snow or water
{n: common morel, Morchella esculenta, sponge mushroom, sponge morel} an edible and choice morel with a globular to elongate head with an irregular pattern of pits and ridges
{n: consonance, consonant rhyme} the repetition of consonants (or consonant patterns) especially at the ends of words
{n: convention, normal, pattern, rule, formula} something regarded as a normative example
"the convention of not naming the main character"
"violence is the rule not the exception"
"his formula for impressing visitors"
{n: crushed leather, crush} leather that has had its grain pattern accentuated
{n: damask, damask fabric} a fabric of linen or cotton or silk or wool with a reversible pattern woven into it
{n: damask} a table linen made from linen with a damask pattern
{n: dapple-grey, dapple-gray, dappled-grey, dappled-gray} grey with a mottled pattern of darker grey markings
{n: data mining} data processing using sophisticated data search capabilities and statistical algorithms to discover patterns and correlations in large preexisting databases; a way to discover new meaning in data
{n: dermatoglyphic} the lines that form patterns on the skin (especially on the fingertips and the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet)
{n: design, pattern, figure} a decorative or artistic work
"the coach had a design on the doors"
{n: device} any ornamental pattern or design (as in embroidery)
{n: diaper} a fabric (usually cotton or linen) with a distinctive woven pattern of small repeated figures
{n: dimity} a strong cotton fabric with a raised pattern; used for bedcovers and curtains
{n: dithering} the process of representing intermediate colors by patterns of tiny colored dots that simulate the desired color
{n: dot matrix printer, matrix printer, dot printer} a printer that represents each character as a pattern of dots from a dot matrix
{n: drawl} a slow speech pattern with prolonged vowels
{n: drawnwork} ornamental needlework done by drawing threads to form lacelike patterns
{n: feng shui} rules in Chinese philosophy that govern spatial arrangement and orientation in relation to patterns of yin and yang and the flow of energy (qi); the favorable or unfavorable effects are taken into consideration in designing and siting buildings and graves and furniture
{n: form, shape, pattern} a perceptual structure
"the composition presents problems for students of musical form"
"a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them"
{n: fractal} (mathematics) a geometric pattern that is repeated at every scale and so cannot be represented by classical geometry
{n: free verse, vers libre} unrhymed verse without a consistent metrical pattern
{n: fret, Greek fret, Greek key, key pattern} an ornamental pattern consisting of repeated vertical and horizontal lines (often in relief)
"there was a simple fret at the top of the walls"
{n: garter stitch} a knitting stitch that results in a pattern of horizontal ridges formed by knitting both sides (instead of purling one side)
{n: gestalt} a configuration or pattern of elements so unified as a whole that it cannot be described merely as a sum of its parts
{n: habit, use, wont} a pattern of behavior acquired through frequent repetition
"she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair"
"long use had hardened him to it"
{n: herringbone, herringbone pattern} a pattern of columns of short parallel lines with all the lines in one column sloping one way and lines in adjacent columns sloping the other way; it is used in weaving, masonry, parquetry, embroidery
{n: herringbone} a twilled fabric with a herringbone pattern
{n: holding pattern} a state of inaction with no progress and no change
"you should go into a holding pattern until he gets over his disappointment"
{n: holding pattern} the flight path (usually circular) maintained by an aircraft that is awaiting permission to land
{n: houndstooth check, hound's-tooth check, dogstooth check, dogs-tooth check, dog's-tooth check} textile with a pattern of small broken or jagged checks
{n: hydromancy} divination by water (as by patterns seen in the ebb and flow of the tides)
{n: imprinting} a learning process in early life whereby species specific patterns of behavior are established
{n: inheritance, hereditary pattern} (genetics) attributes acquired via biological heredity from the parents
{n: instinct, inherent aptitude} inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli
"the spawning instinct in salmon"
"altruistic instincts in social animals"
{n: interferometer} any measuring instrument that uses interference patterns to make accurate measurements of waves
{n: intonation pattern} intonations characteristic of questions and requests and statements
{n: irregularity, geometrical irregularity} an irregular asymmetry in shape; an irregular spatial pattern
{n: kaleidoscope} a complex pattern of constantly changing colors and shapes
{n: kaleidoscope} an optical toy in a tube; it produces symmetrical patterns as bits of colored glass are reflected by mirrors
{n: key word} a word that is used as a pattern to decode an encrypted message
{n: lace} a delicate decorative fabric woven in an open web of symmetrical patterns
{n: lattice} an arrangement of points or particles or objects in a regular periodic pattern in 2 or 3 dimensions
{n: lazy daisy stitch} long chain stitches arranged in flower patterns
{n: light show} a display of colored lights moving in shifting patterns
{n: lithograph, lithograph machine} duplicator that prints by lithography; a flat surface (of stone or metal) is treated to absorb or repel ink in the desired pattern
{n: lobe} the enhanced response of an antenna in a given direction as indicated by a loop in its radiation pattern
{n: loop} the basic pattern of the human fingerprint
{n: madras} a light patterned cotton cloth
{n: magnetic storage medium, magnetic medium, magnetic storage} any storage medium in which different patterns of magnetization are used to represent stored bits or bytes of information
"the hard disk in you computer is magnetic storage"
{n: major lobe} the maximum lobe in the radiation pattern which is intended to be along the forward axis and which gives the effect of a beam
{n: malabsorption syndrome} a pattern of symptoms including loss of appetite and bloating and weight loss and muscle pain and steatorrhea; associated with celiac disease and sprue and cystic fibrosis
{n: male-patterned baldness} loss of hair on the crown of the head
{n: marking} a pattern of marks
{n: marseille} strong cotton fabric with a raised pattern; used for bedspreads
{n: measure, bar} musical notation for a repeating pattern of musical beats
"the orchestra omitted the last twelve bars of the song"
{n: melody, tonal pattern} the perception of pleasant arrangements of musical notes
{n: meme} a cultural unit (an idea or value or pattern of behavior) that is passed from one generation to another by non-genetic means (as by imitation)
"memes are the cultural counterpart of genes"
{n: minoxidil, Loniten, Rogaine} a vasodilator (trade name Loniten) used to treat severe hypertension; one side effect is hirsutism so it is also sold (trade name Rogaine) as a treatment for male-patterned baldness
{n: model, example} a representative form or pattern
"I profited from his example"
{n: moire, watered-silk} silk fabric with a wavy surface pattern
{n: mosaic} a pattern resembling a mosaic
{n: nonsolid color, nonsolid colour, dithered color, dithered colour} a color produced by a pattern of differently colored dots that together simulate the desired color
{n: norm} a standard or model or pattern regarded as typical
"the current middle-class norm of two children per family"
{n: openwork} ornamental work (such a embroidery or latticework) having a pattern of openings
{n: original, archetype, pilot} an original model on which something is patterned
{n: ossification} the process of becoming rigidly fixed in a conventional pattern of thought or behavior
{n: paisley} a soft wool fabric with a colorful swirled pattern of curved shapes
{n: parquetry, parqueterie} a patterned wood inlay used to cover a floor
{n: parterre} an ornamental flower garden; beds and paths are arranged to form a pattern
{n: patchwork} sewing consisting of pieces of different materials sewn together in a pattern
{n: patternmaker} someone who makes patterns (as for sewing or carpentry or metalworking)
{n: pattern} a model considered worthy of imitation
"the American constitution has provided a pattern for many republics"
{n: personality disorder} inflexible and maladaptive patterns of behavior
{n: pillow lace, bobbin lace} a handmade lace worked on a pillow with threads wound on bobbins; the pattern is marked out on the pillow by pins
{n: poetic rhythm, rhythmic pattern, prosody} (prosody) a system of versification
{n: point lace, needlepoint} lace worked with a needle in a buttonhole stitch on a paper pattern
{n: point system} a system of writing or printing using patterns of raised dots that can be read by touch
{n: polka dot} design consisting of a pattern of regularly spaced circular spots
{n: powder photography, powder method, powder technique} a process for identifying minerals or crystals; a small rod is coated with a powdered form of the substance and subjected to suitably modified X-rays; the pattern of diffracted rings is used for identification
{n: practice, pattern} a customary way of operation or behavior
"it is their practice to give annual raises"
"they changed their dietary pattern"
{n: print} a fabric with a dyed pattern pressed onto it (usually by engraved rollers)
{n: progression, patterned advance} a series with a definite pattern of advance
{n: prosody, inflection} the patterns of stress and intonation in a language
{n: radial keratotomy} radial pattern of incisions in the cornea that cause the cornea to bulge; performed to correct myopia
{n: radiation pattern, radiation diagram, pattern} graphical representation (in polar or Cartesian coordinates) of the spatial distribution of radiation from an antenna as a function of angle
{n: radio interferometer} radio telescope that uses interference patterns from two antennas instead of a parabolic antenna
{n: read/write head, head} (computer science) a tiny electromagnetic coil and metal pole used to write and read magnetic patterns on a disk
{n: recidivist, backslider, reversionist} someone who lapses into previous undesirable patterns of behavior
{n: repetition} the repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device
{n: rex begonia, king begonia, painted-leaf begonia, beefsteak geranium, Begonia rex} any of numerous usually rhizomatous hybrid begonias derived from an East Indian plant having rough-textured leaves patterned in silver and bronze and purple and red-brown with inconspicuous flowers
{n: rosette} an ornament or pattern resembling a rose that is worn as a badge of office or as recognition of having won an honor
{n: scansion} analysis of verse into metrical patterns
{n: sequence} serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern
"the sequence of names was alphabetical"
"he invented a technique to determine the sequence of base pairs in DNA"
{n: shape constancy} the tendency to perceive the shape of a rigid object as constant despite differences in the viewing angle (and consequent differences in the shape of the pattern projected on the retina of the eye)
{n: size constancy} the tendency to perceive the veridical size of a familiar object despite differences in their distance (and consequent differences in the size of the pattern projected on the retina of the eye)
{n: sleep disorder} a disturbance of the normal sleep pattern
{n: social organization, social organisation, social structure, social system, structure} the people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships
"the social organization of England and America is very different"
"sociologists have studied the changing structure of the family"
{n: socialization, socialisation, acculturation, enculturation} the adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture
"the socialization of children to the norms of their culture"
{n: stencil} device that has a sheet perforated with printing through which ink or paint can pass to create a printed pattern
{n: strand} a pattern forming a unity within a larger structural whole
"he tried to pick up the strands of his former life"
"I could hear several melodic strands simultaneously"
{n: subculture} a social group within a national culture that has distinctive patterns of behavior and beliefs
{n: sunburst} a jewelled brooch with a pattern resembling the sun
{n: surface} the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary
"there is a special cleaner for these surfaces"
"the cloth had a pattern of red dots on a white surface"
{n: syllabicity} the pattern of syllable formation in a particular language
{n: syndrome} a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
{n: tailor's tack} loose looped stitch used to transfer marking for darts, etc., from a pattern to material
{n: tessellation} the careful juxtaposition of shapes in a pattern
"a tessellation of hexagons"
{n: texture} the musical pattern created by parts being played or sung together
"then another melodic line is added to the texture"
{n: tiger moth} medium-sized moth with long richly colored and intricately patterned wings; larvae are called woolly bears
{n: tracery} decoration consisting of an open pattern of interlacing ribs
{n: tradition} an inherited pattern of thought or action
{n: traffic pattern, approach pattern, pattern} the path that is prescribed for an airplane that is preparing to land at an airport
"the traffic patterns around O'Hare are very crowded"
"they stayed in the pattern until the fog lifted"
{n: universal} a behavioral convention or pattern characteristic of all members of a particular culture or of all human beings
"some form of religion seems to be a human universal"
{n: waffle iron} a kitchen appliance for baking waffles; the appliance usually consists of two indented metal pans hinged together so that they create a pattern on the waffle
{n: weave} pattern of weaving or structure of a fabric
{n: willowware, willow-pattern} chinaware decorated with a blue Chinese design on a white background depicting a willow tree and often a river
{n: wire matrix printer, wire printer, stylus printer} an impact printer in which each character is represented by a pattern of dots made by wires or styli
{n: wove paper} writing paper having a very faint mesh pattern
{v: break, break away} interrupt a continued activity
"She had broken with the traditional patterns"
{v: change, alter, modify} cause to change ; make different ; cause a transformation
"The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"
"The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue"
{v: checker, chequer} variegate with different colors, shades, or patterns
{v: complicate, refine, rarify, elaborate} make more complex, intricate, or richer
"refine a design or pattern"
{v: crisscross} cross in a pattern, often random
{v: crisscross} mark with a pattern of crossing lines
"crisscross the sheet of paper"
{v: crisscross} mark with or consist of a pattern of crossed lines
"wrinkles crisscrossed her face"
{v: dance, trip the light fantastic, trip the light fantastic toe} move in a pattern ; usually to musical accompaniment ; do or perform a dance
"My husband and I like to dance at home to the radio"
{v: figure, enter} be or play a part of or in
"Elections figure prominently in every government program"
"How do the elections figure in the current pattern of internal politics?"
{v: fluctuate, vacillate, waver} move or sway in a rising and falling or wavelike pattern
"the line on the monitor vacillated"
{v: fluctuate} cause to fluctuate or move in a wave-like pattern
{v: follow, conform to} behave in accordance or in agreement with
"Follow a pattern"
"Follow my example"
{v: fret} carve a pattern into
{v: honeycomb} carve a honeycomb pattern into
"The cliffs were honeycombed"
{v: interleave} intersperse the sectors on the concentric magnetic circular patterns written on a computer disk surface to guide the storing and recording of data
{v: macrame} make knotted patterns
"macrame a plant holder"
{v: model, pattern} plan or create according to a model or models
{v: pattern-bomb} bomb in certain patterns
{v: pattern} form a pattern
"These sentences pattern like the ones we studied before"
{v: pink} cut in a zig-zag pattern with pinking shears, in sewing
{v: polarize, polarise} cause to vibrate in a definite pattern
"polarize light waves"
{v: rigidify, ossify, petrify} make rigid and set into a conventional pattern
"rigidify the training schedule"
"ossified teaching methods"
"slogans petrify our thinking"
{v: ring, band} attach a ring to the foot of, in order to identify
"ring birds"
"band the geese to observe their migratory patterns"
{v: roll, undulate, flap, wave} move in a wavy pattern or with a rising and falling motion
"The curtains undulated"
"the waves rolled towards the beach"
{v: scale} pattern, make, regulate, set, measure, or estimate according to some rate or standard
{v: scan} conform to a metrical pattern
{v: schematize, schematise} give conventional form to
"some art forms schematise designs into geometrical patterns"
{v: snake} form a snake-like pattern
"The river snakes through the valley"
{v: tie dye} dye after knotting the fabric to produce an irregular pattern
"The flower children tie-dye their T-shirts"
{v: trace} copy by following the lines of the original drawing on a transparent sheet placed upon it ; make a tracing of
"trace a design"
"trace a pattern"
{v: tumble} throw together in a confused mass
"They tumbled the teams with no apparent pattern"
{v: vein} make a veinlike pattern
{v: violate, go against, break} fail to agree with ; be in violation of ; as of rules or patterns
"This sentence violates the rules of syntax"
<-> conform to
Such as real-time buying patterns on everything from shirts to soda cans.
诸如从衬衫到听装汽水的各种实物的实时购买模式。
Henrietta not only praises it, but asks for the pattern.
亨里埃塔不仅对它大加赞赏，而且索要其式样。
Having got the pattern, moreover, she heroically knits the dreadful thing and wears it herself next time she meets Greta.
在拿到式样后，她还英雄般地编织这件难看的衣服，并且在她下次与格里塔会面时把它穿在身上。这
Typical families and viewers throughout the nation are chosen, and from these meter readings, the company gets a cross-country picture of the viewing patterns of a nation.
公司在全国范围内选择典型的家庭和观众，从这些测量仪显示的内容上公司就可以勾画出一个国家的全国收视类型图。
" Proper breathing nourishes the central nervous system, establishes a harmonious pattern for other bodily rhythms, and regulates moods and emotions. "
"正常的呼吸滋养中枢神经系统，为其他的躯体节律建立一种和谐的模式，并调节心境和情绪。
He discovered a pattern in the oven's hottest rays:
结果他发现了烤炉内最热的射线组成的形状－
they weren't in the corners or at the center, but in the shape of a mushroom cloud.
最热的射线不在各个角落，也不在中央，而是形成了一个蘑菇云状的空间。
Then he designed cooking dishes to fit the pattern.
于是他设计了符合这个形状的食物烤盘。
The same pattern also graced the wine bottles and chocolate bars offered at the reception.
婚宴上用的葡萄酒和巧克力外包装上也都做了类似的装饰。
Although we do add patterns of interneuronal connections and neurotransmitter concentrations when we learn, the current overall capacity of the human brain is highly constrained, restricted to a mere 100 trillion connections.
当我们学习的时候，尽管我们的增加了神经元间连接和神经递质集中的架，目前的人脑总能力却高度受限，限于仅 100万亿个连接。
Brain implants based on distributed intelligent nanobots will massively expand our memory and otherwise vastly improve all our sensory, pattern-recognition and cognitive abilities.
基于分布式毫微自动仪的大脑移植片将大地扩展我们的记忆，从而大大改善我们所有的感官、模式识别以及认知能力。
My knowledge, skills and memories are embedded in a vast pattern of neurotransmitter concentrations and interneuronal connections and can not be quickly accessed or transmitted.
我的知识、技能和记忆根植在由神经递质集中和神经元间的连接组成的宽广架上，不能够被迅速取得或传送。
But once onboard, I found that the interior of this DC-9 looked like an executive lounge fresh flowers, patterned blue carpeting and all the chairs facing one way.
但是一上飞，我发觉这架 DC-9飞的内部看上去简直就像一间行政套房，里面摆摆鲜花，铺铺带花纹的蓝色地毯，而且所有的座位都冲冲同一方向。
" Predictive logic ", a system that anticipates what users are looking for based on aggregate behavior patterns If the system uesses right, it will whisk users to their desired Web page.
预知逻辑，一根综合行为类型判断用户正在寻找哪些内容的系统。如果系统猜对了，它将迅速把用户引向他们希望浏览的网页。
But once you start, the series of strange, colorful pictures and patterns that flash before your eyes will keep you amused and intrigued.
不过一旦开始的话，一系列奇形怪状、色彩鲜艳的图片和图案便会在你的眼前闪现，让你忍俊不禁，兴味盎然。
Because of this, Harvard researchers believe the scans can also predict future purchasing patterns.
基于这一发现，哈佛大学的研究员们认为扫描图同样可以预测人的购买行为。
It has long been known that the rate of oxidative metabolism (the process that uses oxygen to convert food into energy) in any animal has a profound effect on its living patterns.
科学家长期以来已知，氧化新陈代射（oxidative metabolism，亦即使用氧气将食物转化为能量的过程）的速度，在任何动物身上，会对其生存方式产生重大的影响。
When blood relationships were few, as in newly created plantations in the Southwest, "fictive" kinship arrangements took their place until a new pattern of consanguinity developed.
当血缘关系寥寥无几时，如同在西南部地区新建立的种植区上的情形那样，“虚拟的”亲缘安排就取代了真正的血缘关系，直到新的同血缘模式发展形成。
It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types; however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its condition was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits.
人们倒是可以通过其它方法来证明在诸神经元（neuron）种类之间，存在着细微的结构差异；但是，人们缺乏证据以证明神经冲动的性质或其传输受这些结构差异所影响。
恰恰相反，这些结构差异所影响的似乎是神经网络（neural circuit）的发展性组合排列（developmental patterning）。
What seemed to remain was some kind of differential patterning effects in the brain excitation: it is the difference in the central distribution of impulses that counts.
所剩下的似乎是某种性质的大脑兴奋的不同组合排列效果：正是神经冲动中心分布这方面的差异才起着举足轻重的作用。
To match the multiple dimensions of mental experience psychologists could only point to a limitless variation in the spatiotemporal patterning of nerve impulses.
为了将心理体验的多重侧面对应起来，心理学家只能将注意力投向神经冲动在时空（spatiotemporal）组合排列方面无穷尽的差异。
That theory maintains that a density wave of spiral form sweeps through the central plane of a galaxy, compressing clouds of gas and dust, which collapse into stars that form a spiral pattern.
那种理论坚持认为，螺旋形状的密度波贯穿星系的中央层面，将气体和尘埃的云层压缩，这些云层则坍缩为一颗颗星星，形成一螺旋状结构。
Ragtime style stresses a pattern of repeated rhythms, not the constant inventions and variations of jazz.
散拍乐风格强调一种由重复节奏构成的样式，而非爵士乐那种持续不断的自创发挥和变奏。
Echolocating bats emit sounds in patterns—characteristic of each species—that contain both frequency-modulated (FM) and constant-frequency (CF) signals.
具有回声定位机能的蝙蝠以特定的模式发出声音——为每一种蝙蝠所独有——这些声音包含调频（FM,frequency-modulated）信号和恒频（CF,constant-frequency）信号。
However, Professor Davis has recently argued that the South stood apart from the rest of American society during this early period, following its own unique pattern of cultural development.
然而，戴维斯教授（Prof.Davis）最近提出，南方在这段早期历史上就已经和美国社会的其它部分迥然有别，遵循着它自身独特的文化发展模式。
Throughout, Davis focuses on the important, and undeniable, differences between the Southern and Puritan colonies in motives for and patterns of early settlement, in attitudes toward nature and Native Americans, and in the degree of receptivity to metropolitan cultural influences.
自始至终，戴维斯教授将研究的焦点集中在南方和北方殖民地在下述几方面所存在的某些重要的、不可否认的差异：早期殖民开发的动机和模式，对自然界和土著美洲的人的态度，以及对大都市文化影响的接受程度。
Thus, what in contrast to the Puritan colonies appears to Davis to be peculiarly Southern— acquisitiveness, a strong interest in politics and the law, and a tendency to cultivate metropolitan cultural models— was not only more typically English than the cultural patterns exhibited by Puritan Massachusetts and Connecticut, but also almost certainly characteristic of most other early modern British colonies from Barbados north to Rhode Island and New Hampshire.
因此，那些与（北方）清教殖民地形成鲜明对比、并在戴维斯教授的心目中显得具有特殊南方色彩的特征——占有欲、对政治和法律的浓厚兴趣、以及培养大都市文化模式的倾向——不仅仅要比清教的马萨诸塞州和康乃涅克州所展现出来的文化模式更具有典型的英国色彩，并且几乎毫无疑问地构成了绝大多数其它早期近代英国殖民地的特征，从巴巴多斯北至罗得岛和新罕布什尔州。
Within the larger framework of American colonial life, then, not the Southern but the Puritan colonies appear to have been distinctive, and even they seem to have been rapidly assimilating to the dominant cultural patterns by the last Colonial period.
这样，在美国殖民地生活较为宽广的架构内，不是南方殖民地，而是那些清教殖民地，才显得与“众”不同，而即使是它们也似乎在殖民地后期迅速地趋近于那些主流文化模式。
CHANGE YOUR OWN WAY
Few people are randomly violent. They blow up on particular occasions over particular issues. Track your boss's peeves and patterns, then eliminate the triggers within your control. For example, if he snarls when you arrive just five minutes late to work or make one typo on a memo, avoid these slipups no matter how trivial they seem. If one of your coworkers manages your boss's moods skillfully, ask him what you could be doing more effectively, then borrow a few of his moves.
改变你自己的办事方式
很少有人是随意发火的。他们一般是在特定场合因特定的事而发作的。你要摸清你的老板的脾气，并尽可能消除隐患。比如，他为了你上班仅迟到5分钟或打错了一个字便大发雷霆，那么你就要尽量避免这类疏忽，不论它们看起来多么微不足道。如果你的某位同事善于应付老板的情绪，那你就向他请教一下你怎么做才能更为有效，不妨借用他的一些手段。
APPEAL TO A HIGHER AUTHORITY
If your boss becomes intolerably abusive, you may have to go above his head to your personnel department or senior manager. But before you take this course, discreetly, ask coworkers if they've clashed with your boss in the past. Ideally, they will back you up and permit you to mention their names when you make your charges. That way, you can bring a pattern of behavior to management's attention. Begin by asking, “Can I have a discussion with you off the record?" Then cite examples that show how your boss's treatment negatively affects your performance. Make it clear that you want to improve the situation, not punish your boss. If discipline is what he needs, let the higher-ups make that call.
诉诸更高的上级
如果你的老板滥用权力到了令人难以容忍的地步，你就得越过他直接找人事部门或高级经理了。但在你采取这一步骤之前，要谨慎地询问一下同事，他们是否过去也与你的老板有过冲突。他们可能会支持你并且允许你在上告时提到他们的名字。这样你就可以提请公司主管注意你老板的不当行为。你可以这样发问：“我能和你作一次非正式的谈话吗？”然后举例说明你上司的作法如何影响你的工作。你要表明你想改进现状，而非惩罚你的老板。如果你的老板需要纪律约束的话，那就让上级打电话通知他吧.
CAP COMPUTER AIDED PATTERN 电脑辅助画样
P.P. PAPER PATTERN 纸样
城区发展模式 Patterns of urban growth
发展模式 Development patterns
能源利用方式 Energy utilization patterns
图象识别 Pattern recognition
消费方式 Consumption patterns
背纹 back side pattern 产品背面凸起或凹陷的图纹。
花色入时 fashionable patterns
HS6307
Other made up articles, inclu ding dress patterns
其他制品，包括服装裁剪样
HS63079000
Made up articles (incl. dress patterns), nes
6301
HS72081000
Flat rlld prod, i/nas, in coil, hr,w>=600mm, patterns in relief
仅热轧,已轧压花纹普通钢铁卷材,宽≥600mm
HS72084000
Flat rlld prod, i/nas, not in coil, hr,w>=600mm, patterns in relief
热轧,已轧压花纹普通钢铁非卷材,宽≥600mm
HS84569100
Machine-tools for dry-etching patterns on semiconductor materials
用干法蚀刻半导体材料的加工机床
HS8480
Moulding boxes for metal foundry; mo uld bases; moulding patterns; moulds for metal ( other t
金属铸造用型箱；型模底板；阳模；型模
HS84803000
Patterns, moulding
阳模
HS90104900
Appara for drawing of circuit pattern on sensitid semiconductor nes
将电路投影或绘制到感光半导体材料上的装置
spsc-40141619
Butterfly lug pattern valves
蝶形把手阀
spsc-40141620
Butterfly wafer pattern valves
蝶形瓣膜阀
spsc-43232101
Pattern design software
模式设计软件
spsc-53141604
Sewing patterns
裁缝纸样
spsc-53141612
Serrated pattern tracing wheel
锯齿型样板描摹轮
spsc-53141630
Pattern cutting mats or boards
纸样裁切垫和裁切板
spsc-60102700
Patterning or matching or spatial perception or logical thinking teacher resource materials
图形、镶嵌、空间知觉、逻辑思维教师参考材料
spsc-60102701
Pattern blocks or parquetry blocks activity or resource books
积木、拼图活动和参考用书
spsc-60102702
Pattern blocks
图形积木
spsc-60102703
Pattern block activity or pattern cards
积木活动和纹板
spsc-60102704
Pattern block games or activity sets
积木游戏和活动集
spsc-60102705
Pattern block stickers
积木粘贴画
spsc-60102706
Pattern blocks mirror
积木镜
spsc-60102707
Pattern blocks charts or posters
积木图解和宣传
spsc-60102709
Parquetry blocks activity or pattern cards
拼图活动和积木卡
spsc-60102712
Tangram activity or pattern cards
七巧板活动和样式卡
spsc-60103013
Pentominoes pattern cards
五格股牌图形卡
spsc-60121119
Pattern printed craft paper
图样印刷牛皮纸
F07.0
Organic personality disorder
A disorder characterized by a significant alteration of the habitual patterns of behaviour
displayed by the subject premorbidly, involving the expression of emotions, needs and
impulses. Impairment of cognitive and thought functions, and altered sexuality may also be
PART of the clinical picture.
Organic:
. pseudpsychopathic personality
. pseudoretarded personality
Syndrome:
. frontal lobe
. limbic epilepsy personality
. lobotomy
. postleucotomy
Excludes: enduring personality change after:
. catastrophic experience (F62.0)
. psychiatric illness (F62.1)
postconcussional syndrome (F07.2)
postencephalitic syndrome (F07.1)
specific personality disorder (F60.-)
器质性人格障碍症
此疾患之特徵为病前习性的明显改变。特别是影响
到情绪、需求、与冲动的表现。认知功能的缺陷与
性行为、性欲之变化也许可能是临床之表现。
器质性 ：
． 器质性假性精神病性人格
． 器质性假性迟滞性人格
徵候群 ：
． 额叶徵候群
． 边缘叶癫痫人格徵候群
． 脑叶白质切割徵候群
． 白质切割後遗徵候群
不包含 ：
． 灾难性经验後之永续性人格改变 (F62.0)
． 精神疾病後之永续性人格改变 (F62.1)
脑震汤後徵候群 (F07.2)
脑炎後徵候群 (F07.1)
特殊类别人格障碍症 (F60.-)
This block contains a wide variety of disorders that differ
in severity and clinical form but that are all attributable to the use of one or more
psychoactive substances, which may or may not have been medically prescribed. The third
character of the code identifies the substance involved, and the fourth character
specifies the clinical state. The codes should be used, as required, for each substance
specified, but it should be noted that not all fourth-character codes are applicable to
all substances.
Identification of the psychoactive substance should be based on as many sources of
information as possible. These include self-report data, analysis of blood and other body
fluids, characteristic physical and psychological symptoms, clinical signs and behaviour,
and other evidence such as a drug being in the patient's possession or reports from
informed third parties. Many drug users take more than one type of psychoactive substance.
The main diagnosis should be classified, whenever possible, according to the substance or
class of substances that has caused or contributed most to the presenting clinical
syndrome. Other diagnoses should be coded when other psychoactive substances have been
taken in intoxicating amounts (common fourth character .0) or to the extent of causing
harm (common fourth character .1), dependence (common fourth character .2) or other
disorders (common fourth character .3-.9).
Only in cases in which patterns of psychoactive substance-taking are chaotic and
indiscriminate, or in which the contributions of different psychoactive substances are
inextricably mixed, should the diagnosis of disorders resulting from multiple drug use
(F19.-) be used.
Excludes: abuse of non-dependence-producing substances (F55)
The following fourth-character subdivisions are for use with categories F10-F19:
本节包含了几种不同严重程度与临床型态的疾病 ，
这些疾病均因由於使用一种或更多的精神作用物质
所引起。这些药物可能由医师处方或自行使用。本
节用第 ３ 码代表特定的物质 ， 第 ４ 码表示临床状况
； 这些号码可用来代表特定物质所造成的精神状态
， 但需注意不是所有的号码都能应用在每个物质上
。
对於精神作用物质使用与否的界定要尽可能运用多
种的临床资讯 ， 这些包含患者自我陈述的资料 ， 血
液与其他体液检体的客观分析 ， 特殊之身体与心理
症状、临床候、行为表现、以及其他资料 ， 如在病
人身上发现药物 ， 或第叁者提供的报告。许多药物
使用者服用不止一种的药品 ， 但在主要的诊断方面
仍应依据与临床状况最相关的药物 （ 或同一类的药
物 ） 加以分类。当其他精神作用物质之使用量引起
中毒 （第 4 码 .0） ， 引起伤害 （第 4 码.1） ， 依赖 （第 4 码.2）
或其他障碍 （第 4 码.3-.9） 时 ， 也要把其他精神作用物
质相关之诊断加以记述。
只有当精神作用物质的使用型态非常混乱且不易分
辨 ， 或者使用的不同药物对临床表现之影响相当的
复杂时 ， 才诊断为由於使用多种药物引起之精神疾
病 （F19.－）
不包含 ： 非成瘾性药物的滥用 （F55）
下面第 ４ 码之分类要与 F10-F19 之各类别诊断一起使用
：
.1
Harmful use
A pattern of psychoactive substance use that is causing damage to health. The damage may
be physical (as in cases of hepatitis from the self-administration of injected
psychoactive substances) or mental (e.g. episodes of depressive disorder secondary to
heavy consumption of alcohol).
Psychoactive substance abuse
有害性使用
精神作用物质的使用方式足以造成对健康的损害。
其可能是身体方面的损害 ， 如自我注射药物引起炎
； 也可能是精神方面的损害 ， 如饮酒过量所续发的
忧郁症。
精神作用物质滥用
F45.0
Somatization disorder
The main features are multiple, recurrent and frequently changing physical symptoms of at
least two years' duration. Most patients have a long and complicated history of contact
with both primary and specialist medical care services, during which many negative
investigations or fruitless exploratory operations may have been carried out. Symptoms may
be referred to any part or system of the body. The course of the disorder is chronic and
fluctuating, and is often associated with disruption of social, interpersonal, and family
behaviour. Short-lived (less than two years) and less striking symptom patterns should be
classified under undifferentiated somatoform disorder (F45.1).
Multiple psychosomatic disorder
Excludes: malingering [conscious simulation] (Z76.5)
身体化症
主要特徵是多重的 ， 再发的且频繁变化的身体症状
， 至少持续二年。大多数病人有一个既长又复杂的
病史 ， 他们在基层或专科医疗中作过许多结果正常
的检查或是毫无成果的手术。在身体的任何部位都
可能有症状。病程是慢性化及起伏不定的 ， 经常伴
有社会、人际间及家庭生活上的障碍。较短暂的 （
例如少於二年的 ） 和较不明显的症状两类型最好归
在未分化拟身体障碍症 （F45.1）
多重心身症。
不包含 ： 诈病〔意识操作〕 （Z76.5） 。
F50.2
Bulimia nervosa
A syndrome characterized by repeated bouts of overeating and an excessive preoccupation
with the control of body weight, leading to a pattern of overeating followed by vomiting
or use of purgatives. This disorder shares many psychological features with anorexia
nervosa, including an overconcern with body shape and weight. Repeated vomiting is likely
to give rise to disturbances of body electrolytes and physical complications. There is
often, but not always, a history of an earlier episode of anorexia nervosa, the interval
ranging from a few months to several years.
Bulimia NOS
Hyperorexia nervosa
暴食症
此徵候群之特徵是病人会反覆地吃下过多的食物 ，
但对於体重的控制又过份地重视 ， 以至於在每次暴
食之後会以呕吐或使用泻剂来控制体重。此疾病和
厌食症有许多共同的心理病徵 ， 包含过份重视身体
外型和体重。反覆地催吐可能会导致身体电解质和
身体方面并发症的出现。此疾病的早期常会出现厌
食症的发作 ， 但不是一定会有 ， 之後到出现暴食症
的时间间隔可能从几个月到几年不一定。
其他未明示之暴食症
神经性过份饮食症 ， 过度饮食症
Disorders of adult personality and
behaviour (F60-F69)
This block includes a variety of conditions and behaviour patterns of clinical
significance which tend to be persistent and appear to be the expression of the
individual's characteristic lifestyle and mode of relating to himself or herself and
others. Some of these conditions and patterns of behaviour emerge early in the course of
individual development, as a result of both constitutional factors and social experience,
while others are acquired later in life. Specific personality disorders (F60.-), mixed and
other personality disorders (F61.-), and enduring personality changes (F62.-) are deeply
ingrained and enduring behaviour patterns, manifesting as inflexible responses to a broad
range of personal and social situations. They represent extreme or significant deviations
from the way in which the average individual in a given culture perceives, thinks, feels
and, particularly, relates to others. Such behaviour patterns tend to be stable and to
encompass multiple domains of behaviour and psychological functioning. They are
frequently, but not always, associated with various degrees of subjective distress and
problems of social performance.
成人人格与行为违常 (F60-F69)
这一节包含了各种较具有临床意义之状态及行为模
式 ， 它们倾向於较具持久性 ， 表现出个人生活型态
之特徵以及个人与他人之应对模式。上述这些有意
义的状态及行为模式 ， 有些是在个体发展的早期就
表现出来 ， 可说是体质因素和社会经验的结果 ； 然
而其馀则是在个体生命的後期方形成的 ， 无论是特
定人格障碍症、混合型与其他人格障碍症及持续的
人格改变 ， 都是根深蒂固持续的行为模式。显示出
他们对个人的与对社会情境采取较僵化的反应。他
们与相同文化 ， 思想 ， 经验的一般大众比较之下显
示有极大差异 ， 这些行为模式倾向於固定 ， 而且表
现在多方面的行为及心理功能上。经常会造成个案
本人痛苦 ， 以及其社会功能表现的问题。
F61
Mixed and other personality disorders
This category is intended for personality disorders that are often troublesome but do not
demonstrate the specific pattern of symptoms that characterize the disorders described in
F60.-. As a result they are often more difficult to diagnose than the disorders in F60.-.
Examples include:
. mixed personality disorders with features of several of the disorders in F60.- but
without a predominant set of symptoms that would allow a more specific diagnosis
. troublesome personality changes, not classifiable to F60.- or F62.-, and regarded as
secondary to a main diagnosis of a coexisting affective or anxiety disorder.
Excludes: accentuated personality traits (Z73.1)
混合型及其馀型式人格违常
这里所讨论的人格违常 ， 不同於 F60.- 各种各具特异症
状的人格违常 ， 而是较困难 ， 较麻烦的一类。与 F60
相较之下 ， 这里所讨论的人格违常较难诊断。
包含以下实例 ：
． 混合 F60 中几种人格违常的表现 ， 但无较优势之几
个症状 ， 足以归纳於某一特定人格违常疾病之诊断
。
． 较麻烦困难的人格改变 ， 并不能分类到 F60.- 或 F62.-
， 并可视之为续发於某种并存的情感性疾病或焦虑
性疾病。
不包含 ： 突显性人格特质
F62
Enduring personality changes, not attributable to brain damage and
disease
Disorders of adult personality and behaviour that have developed in persons with no
previous personality disorder following exposure to catastrophic or excessive prolonged
stress, or following a severe psychiatric illness. These diagnoses should be made only
when there is evidence of a definite and enduring change in a person's pattern of
perceiving, relating to, or thinking about the environment and himself or herself. The
personality change should be significant and be associated with inflexible and maladaptive
behaviour not present before the pathogenic experience. The change should not be a direct
manifestation of another mental disorder or a residual symptom of any antecedent mental
disorder.
Excludes: personality and behavioural disorder due to brain disease, damage and
dysfunction (F07.-)
非器质性人格变异症
某些成人并非原先存在人格违常或行为违常 ， 而是
续发於发生灾难之後 ， 暴露在长期压力之後或续发
於严重精神疾病之後。除非有证据显示 ， 以下情形
才做此诊断 ： 此病人对环境及自我的看法与他人的
关系确定有一长期持续的改变。此种人格改变必需
是明显的、僵化的、不适应的而且此种现象在此病
态经验之前不曾出现过。此一人格违常并非直接是
另一精神疾病的临床表现 ， 亦非任何先前存在的精
神疾病之残馀症状。
不包含 ： 由於脑部疾病 ， 受损及功能障碍所引发的
人格及行为违常 (F07.-)
F65.8
Other disorders of sexual preference
A variety of other patterns of sexual preference and activity, including making obscene
telephone calls, rubbing up against people for sexual stimulation in crowded public
places, sexual activity with animals, and use of strangulation or anoxia for intensifying
sexual excitement.
Frotteurism
Necrophilia
其他性偏好障碍症
此诊断包含其他各式各样较为罕见的性偏好及性活
动 ， 如打猥亵的电话癖 ， 触磨癖 ， 恋兽癖 ， 以窒息
的方式来加强性兴奋 ， 或仅偏爱於身体之一部分 （
如截肢 ） 的性偏好。
触磨
恋症
F80
Specific developmental disorders of speech and language
Disorders in which normal patterns of language acquisition are disturbed from the early
stages of development. The conditions are not directly attributable to neurological or
speech mechanism abnormalities, sensory impairments, mental retardation, or environmental
factors. Specific developmental disorders of speech and language are often followed by
associated problems, such as difficulties in reading and spelling, abnor malities in
interpersonal relationships, and emotional and behavioural disorders .
特定语言发展障碍症
此类障碍症自早年发展阶段开始其正常语言能力的
获得即有缺损。这种情况并非直接归因於神经功能
或语言机转异常、感觉缺损、智能不足或环境因素
。患有特定语言发展障碍症的儿童 ， 语言发展迟滞
常伴随有阅读及拼音困难、人际关系异常、及情绪
与行为障碍。
F81
Specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills
Disorders in which the normal patterns of skill acquisition are disturbed from the early
stages of development. This is not simply a consequence of a lack of opportunity to learn,
it is not solely a result of mental retardation, and it is not due to any form of acquired
brain trauma or disease .
特定学业技巧发展障碍症
这类障碍症在早期发展中正常学业技巧的学习有障
碍 ； 而此障碍并非单纯是由於缺乏学习机会的後果
； 亦非由於後天性脑外伤或脑疾病所导致。
F84
Pervasive developmental disorders
A group of disorders characterized by qualitative abnormalities in reciprocal social
interactions and in patterns of communication, and by a restricted, stereotyped,
repetitive repertoire of interests and activities. These qualitative abnormalities are a
pervasive feature of the individual's functioning in all situations. Use additional code,
if desired, to identify any associated medical condition and mental retardation.
广泛性发展障碍症
这类疾病有二项特徵 ， 一是社交互动及沟通型式出
现本质上的异常 ， 二是出现局限的、固定不变的、
且重覆性的兴趣与活动。这种本质上的异常影响个
案的全面功能。如果有需要 ， 使用附码来辨识任何
相关的身体疾病和智能不足。
F84.4
Overactive disorder associated with mental retardation and stereotyped
movements
An ill-defined disorder of uncertain nosological validity. The category is designed to
include a group of children with severe mental retardation (IQ below 50) who show major
problems in hyperactivity and in attention, as well as stereotyped behaviours. They tend
not to benefit from stimulant drugs (unlike those with an IQ in the normal range) and may
exhibit a severe dysphoric reaction (sometimes with psychomotor retardation) when given
stimulants. In adolescence, the overactivity tends to be replaced by underactivity (a
pattern that is not usual in hyperkinetic children with normal intelligence). This
syndrome is also often associated with a variety of developmental delays, either specific
or global. The extent to which the behavioural pattern is a function of low IQ or of
organic brain damage is not known.
有智能不足与重覆动作之过动症
此为一种定义不明及疾病分类之效度仍未确定的障
碍症。因有下述特徵则作此诊断 ： 出现注意力不集
中及过动行为的重度智能不足 （ 智商低於 50 ） ； 给予
兴奋性药物治疗并不能改善此类儿童的情况 （ 不像
智商在正常范围者 ） ， 反而可能会有情绪低落反应
（ 有时会有精神运动迟滞 ） 在少年期少动行为常取
代过动行为 （ 这种情况在正常智商的过动儿童并不
常见 ） ， 同时常并发特定或全面的发展迟滞。此种
行为模式是由於低智商或器质性脑损伤所造成仍未
知。
F91
Conduct disorders
Disorders characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of dissocial, aggressive,
or defiant conduct. Such behaviour should amount to major violations of age-appropriate
social expectations; it should therefore be more severe than ordinary childish mischief or
adolescent rebelliousness and should imply an enduring pattern of behaviour (six months or
longer). Features of conduct disorder can also be symptomatic of other psychiatric
conditions, in which case the underlying diagnosis should be preferred.
Examples of the behaviours on which the diagnosis is based include excessive levels of
fighting or bullying, cruelty to other people or animals, severe destructiveness to
property, fire-setting, stealing, repeated lying, truancy from school and running away
from home, unusually frequent and severe temper tantrums, and disobedience. Any one of
these behaviours, if marked, is sufficient for the diagnosis, but isolated dissocial acts
are not.
Excludes: mood [affective] disorders (F30-F39)
pervasive developmental disorders (F84.-)
schizophrenia (F20.-)
when associated with:
. emotional disorders (F92.-)
. hyperkinetic disorders (F90.1)
行为规范障碍症 ：
行为规范障碍症的特徵是重覆而持续的违反规范 ，
攻击或叛逆性行为 ， 与适龄的社会期望背道而驰 ，
远比一般儿童的淘气或少年的反抗性严重。偶发的
违反规范或犯罪行为并非诊断的基础 ， 行为规范障
碍症应是一种持续的行为模式 （ 超过六个月以上 ）
。行为规范障碍症之现象可以是其他精神疾病的症
状 ， 在这种情况 ， 要以其主要诊断为主。这类的行
为有经常打架或威吓他人 ； 对别人或动物残忍 ； 破
坏东西 ； 放火 ； 偷窃 ； 重覆说谎 ， 逃学 ， 翘家 ， 经
常乱发脾气 ； 挑行为 ； 及持续严重的违规行为。若
是这出现以上的单一症状 ， 但非常明显亦可诊断 ；
但偶发的违反规范行为不算。
不包含 ： 情绪障碍症 (F30-F39)
广泛性发展障碍 (F84.-)
精神分裂症 (F20.-)
． 行为障碍合并情绪障碍 (F92.-)
． 过动症 (F90.-)
F94.1
Reactive attachment disorder of childhood
Starts in the first five years of life and is charactcrizcd by persistent abnormalities in
the child's pattern Or social relationships tl-at arc associated with emotional
disturbance and are reactive to changes in environmental circumstances (e.g. fearfulness
and hypervigilance, poor social interaction with peers, aggression towards self and
others, misery, and growth failure in some cases). The syndrome probably occurs as a
direct result of severe parental neglect, abuse, or serious mishandling. Use additional
code, if desired, to identify any associated failure to thrive or growth retardation.
Excludes: Asperger's syndrome (F84.5)
disinhibited attachment disorder of childhood (F94.2)
maltreatment syndromes (T74.-)
normal variation in pattern of selective attachment
sexual or physical abuse in childhood, resulting in psychosocial problems (Z61.4-Z61.6)
儿童期反应性依恋症
於 ５ 岁前发生 ， 其特点是伴随环境改变引起的情绪
反应与社交关系障碍 （ 如害怕和过度警觉 ； 与同侪
的社交互动不良 ； 伤害自己或攻击别人过度悲伤 ；
某些个案会生长迟滞 ） 。此徵候群可能起因於父母
的严重疏忽 ， 虐待或照顾不良。
不包含 ： 艾斯柏格徵候群 (F84.5)
无选择性依恋障碍症 (F94.2)
照顾不良 ， 造成身体问题 (T74.-)
选择性依恋的正常变异
儿童期性或身体虐待 ， 造成心理社会问题 （Z61.4-Z61）
F94.2
Disinhibited attachment disorder of childhood
A particular pattern of abnormal social functioning that arises during the first five
years of life and that tends to persist despite marked changes in environmental
circumstances, e.g. diffuse, nonselectively focused attachment behaviour,
attention-seeking and indiscriminately friendly behaviour, poorly modulated peer
interactions; depending on circumstances there may also be associated emotional or
behavioural disturbance .
Affectionless psychopathy
Institutional syndrome
Excludes: Asperger's syndrome (F84.5)
hospitalism in children (F43.2)
hyperkinetic disorders (F90.-)
reactive attachment disorder of childhood (F94.1)
儿童期无选择性依恋障碍症
在五岁以前发生 ， 不因环境变动而改变的特殊社会
功能异常。例如广泛而无选择性的依恋行为 ， 显得
特别黏人 ； 引人注意和亲疏不分的友善行为 ； 而且
与同侪的关系也常不理想 ； 视情况也可能并有情绪
和行为障碍。
无感情之精神变态
机构徵候群
不包含 ： 艾斯柏格徵候群 (F84.5)
儿童之医院病 (F43.2)
过动症或注意力缺损障碍症 (F90.-)
儿童期反应性依恋症 (F94.1)
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