majority [ mə'dʒɔriti] n.多数，大多数
majority [mə'dʒɔriti] n. 大多数
majority [mə'dʒɔriti] 多数
少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 "the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership of the Party to the Central Committee "
absolute majority 绝对多数
absolute majority of votes 绝对多数票
age of majority 成年岁数
determine by a majority of votes 以多数票表决
false majority 虚假多数票
majority of votes 多数票
majority system 大多数票制
plurality (relative majority) system 多数票（相对多数）制
plurality (simple majority) system 多数票（简单多数）制
relative majority 相对多数
relative majority system of counting 相对多数点票制
"relative majority system of voting [also known as "first past the post" voting system]" 相对多数选举制〔亦称“得票最多者当选”投票制〕
simple majority 过半数；简单多数
simple majority system of election 简单多数选举制
When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。
In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.
第二，从心理上讲，大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。
Majority 大多数
majority required 规定多数
majority shareholding 占有多数股权
majority statutory 法定多数
majority of votes 表决多数，投票过半数
majority market economic 成熟市场经济
The majority of doctors agree that smoking is very harmful to health.
大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极其有害。
A majority voted in favour of the plan.
大多数人投票赞成那项计划。
Of course, it would be as dangerous to overreact to history by concluding that the majority must now be wrong about expansion as it would be to re-enact the response that greeted the suggestion that the continents had drifted.
当然，对历史反应过度以致结论说关于扩张的问题大多数人都错了与重新形成对大陆漂浮建议理论的反应一样，是危险的。将来对于这些关键问题的研究毫无疑问是必要的，然而不应该否定最近研究结论的说服力，在18世纪的英格兰对于一些微不足道和有使用价值的商品和服务的需求，预示了我们今天的世界。
All politics are based on the indifference of the majority.
James Reston, Amreican editor
一切政治都是建筑在绝大多数的人冷漠的基础上的。
美国编辑赖斯顿。Ｊ。
@@@ 许多, 大量, 富于
a (great/wide) range of 广泛的; 许多的
a cloud of 一大群; 一大片
a crowd of 许多; 一大群
a good/great deal (of) 许多, 大量
a great many 许多
a heap of 一大堆
a host of 一大群; 许多
a large amount & large amounts of 许多, 大量
a multitude of 一大批; 大量
a myriad of 大量的, 无数的
a number of 许多; 一些
a pile of 一堆; 很多
a wealth of 丰富的, 大量的
abound in 充满, 富于
all kinds of 许多; 大量(金钱)
an array of 显眼的一系列; 整齐的一大批; 大量
be abundant in 富于, 丰富
by the dozens 数目很多地; 大量地
for the most part 主要地; 大多数情况下
have (sth.) to spare 有多余的...
head and shoulders above 大大超出, 水平高很多
in abundance 大量地
in quantity 大量地, 大批地
on a large scale 大批量; 大规模
plenty of 丰富, 大量
quite a bit/few/little/lot 相当多, 有相当多的数目
rich in sth. 富于...
safety in numbers 人多保险, 势众
scores of 许多
teem with 有很多..., 充满...
the majority of 大多数
varied fare 多样化的饮食
well attended 参加的人多
大半 most; majority
大部份 [dà bù fen ] /(in) large part/(the) greater part/the majority/
大多数 [dà duō shù] /(great) majority/
多数 [duō shù] /majority/most/
Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly.
当然这样就带来了很多不良后果，其中的一些后果就是雄心被赶入地下，或暗藏于胸。
Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.
于是情况就成了这样：左边是愤怒的批评家，右边是愚蠢的支持者，而居中的通常是大多数认真而努力追求成功的人。
Virtually all scientists and the majority of non-fundamentalist religious leaders have come to regard "scientific" creationism as bad science and bad religion.
实际上，所有科学家和大多数非原教旨主义宗教领袖们都已将“科学”创世纪论看做是拙劣的科学和拙劣的宗教。
{adj: bare, marginal} just barely adequate or within a lower limit
"a bare majority"
"a marginal victory"
{adj: dissentient, dissenting, dissident} disagreeing, especially with a majority
{adj: dissentious, divisive, factious} dissenting (especially dissenting with the majority opinion)
{adj: major} greater in number or size or amount
"a major portion (a majority) of the population"
"Ursa Major"
"a major portion of the winnings"
<-> minor
{adj: overpowering, overwhelming} so strong as to be irresistible
"an overpowering need for solitude"
"the temptation to despair may become overwhelming"
"an overwhelming majority"
{adj: plumping} very large; of exceptional size for its kind
"won by a plumping majority"
{adj: rubbishy, trashy} cheap and inferior; of no value
"rubbishy newspapers that form almost the sole reading of the majority"
"trashy merchandise"
{adj: working} adequate for practical use; especially sufficient in strength or numbers to accomplish something
"the party has a working majority in the House"
"a working knowledge of Spanish"
{adv: fierily, fervently, fervidly} with passionate fervor
"both those for and against are fervently convinced they speak for the great majority of the people"
"a fierily opinionated book"
{n: Bolshevik, Bolshevist} a Russian member of the left-wing majority group that followed Lenin and eventually became the Russian communist party
{n: Dar al-Islam, House of Islam} areas where Muslims are in the majority
{n: Irani, Iranian, Persian} a native or inhabitant of Iran
"the majority of Irani are Persian Shiite Muslims"
{n: Iraqi, Iraki} a native or inhabitant of Iraq
"the majority of Iraqi are Arab Shiite Muslims although Sunni Muslims control the government"
{n: Niger-Kordofanian, Niger-Kordofanian language} the family of languages that includes most of the languages spoken in Africa south of the Sahara; the majority of them are tonal languages but there are important exceptions (e.g., Swahili or Fula)
{n: Punjabi, Panjabi} a member of the majority people of Punjab in northwestern India
{n: Speaker} the presiding officer of a deliberative assembly
"the leader of the majority party is the Speaker of the House of Representatives"
{n: Vespertilionidae, family Vespertilionidae} the majority of common bats of temperate regions of the world
{n: dissent} (law) the difference of one judge's opinion from that of the majority
"he expressed his dissent in a contrary opinion"
{n: ethnic minority} a group that has different national or cultural traditions from the majority of the population
{n: majority leader} leader of the majority party in a legislature
{n: majority operation} a threshold operation in which each operand is 0 or 1; output is 1 if and only if more than half the operands have the value 1
{n: majority opinion} the opinion joined by a majority of the court (generally known simply as `the opinion')
{n: majority rule, democracy} the doctrine that the numerical majority of an organized group can make decisions binding on the whole group
{n: majority, absolute majority} (elections) more than half of the votes
{n: majority, bulk} the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part
"the majority of his customers prefer it"
"the bulk of the work is finished"
<-> minority
{n: majority, legal age} the age at which persons are considered competent to manage their own affairs
<-> minority
{n: minority, nonage} any age prior to the legal age
<-> majority
{n: minority} being or relating to the smaller in number of two parts
"when the vote was taken they were in the minority"
"he held a minority position"
<-> majority
{n: plurality, relative majority} (in an election with more than 2 options) the number of votes for the candidate or party receiving the greatest number (but less that half of the votes)
{n: popularism} music adapted to the understanding and taste of the majority
{n: white squire} a white knight that buys less than a majority interest
{v: outvote} defeat by a majority of votes
"The Democrats outvoted the Republicans"
{v: represent} be a delegate or spokesperson for ; represent somebody's interest or be a proxy or substitute for, as of politicians and office holders representing their constituents, or of a tenant representing other tenants in a housing dispute
"I represent the silent majority"
"This actor is a spokesperson for the National Rifle Association"
Studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians, an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled.
恰恰与很多医师的观点相反，研究表明绝大多数患者确实希望被告知真实病情，哪怕病情严重。一旦得知受到欺骗，他们就有被出卖的感觉。
Teacher attitudes have contributed, she says, to a drastic reduction in student participation in physical education.
她说，教师的态度已造成了学生参加体育活动的人数急剧下降。
Thirty years ago, nine out of 10 elementary students ran daily PE classes.
30年前，十分之九的小学生每天上体育课；
Today, less than a third do;
今天，不到三分之一的学生参加，
and, while the vast majority of school districts are required to offer PE, nine out of 10 allow students to be excused or exempted for activities like cheer-leading and band practice, according to a 1994 study of school PE programmes.
并且，根据 1994年的一项关于学校体育课程的研究，尽管要求绝大多数学区开设体育课，而十个有九个允许学生可以因像啦啦队和乐队之类的活动而中途退出或不参加体育课。
This is unusual, since the vast majority of California's elementary students receive PE instruction from classroom teachers who are not PE specialists, says Don Morris, a professor of kinesiology and health promotion at California State University in Pomona.
波莫纳的加利福尼亚州立大学运动学和健康促进教授唐·莫里斯说，这非同寻常，因为大多数加利福尼亚的小学生是由非体育专家的任课教师授课的。
But we should recognise that human reproduction is a sensitive topic and a new method that has an impact on human reproduction will always be greeted with fear and revulsion by the majority who have no problems procreating.
但是，我们应该承认，人类的繁殖是一个敏感的话题，而一个对人类的繁殖产生影响的新方法也总是会引起没有生育问题的大多数人的担心和厌恶。
" In the majority of people, there is no single event that you can identify, " says neurosurgeon Dr. Gerald Godts.
神经外科大夫杰拉尔德·戈茨说： "对大多数人来说，这种病没有明显的征兆。
In Japan, where the vast majority of women return to their mother's homes towards the end of their pregnancies and give birth whilst their husbands carry on with their normal day-to-day business the proportion of epidurals is less than 1 per cent.
在日本，绝大多数妇女在怀孕后期回到她们自己的母亲家中并在那里生产，而她们的丈夫们则仍每天继续日常工作。生产中硬脊膜外麻醉的使用比例不足百分之一。
While the vast majority of customers fly economy class, most airline ads focus on services offered in the front of the plane.
在大多数旅客乘坐经济舱的情况下，这些航空公司却只强调改善非经济舱的服务。
The majority of 60,000 interviewees at 57 major airports all over the world picked Copenhagen as the world's ost pleasing airport.
全球 57个主要场的六万名受访者绝大多数选择哥本哈根机场为世界上最让人愉悦的常
And then there's the company's killer edge: as a majority state-owned entity, Legend lands many of the contracts to supply computers to other government-controlled units which, until the mid-1990s, accounted for 50% of all Chinese companies.
公司还有一个得天独厚的势：作为一家国有企业，联想获得了许多向其它政府单位供应电脑的合同。到 90年代中期，这些单位占联想中国客户的 50%。
" The 1999-2000 school year will be the one where the majority of parents really feel the Internet's influence on their child's education at the everyday level, " says Jonathan Carson, chairman and CEO of the Family Education Co., which offers a parenting website at familyeducation. com and a framework for local schools to create and maintain their own sites.
家庭教育公司的董事长兼首席执行官乔纳森·卡尔森说：在 1999-2000学年，大多数的家长都将能够每日真正感受到互联网对他们孩子教育的影响。家庭教育公司提供一个子女教育网站（ familyeducation.com ）和为地方学校提供一个架构用以创建和维护它们自己的网站。
" A majority of parents now have access and the educators are ready to go. "
大多数家长现在都能接入学校网络，而校方也准备这么做。
Despite the opening of Europe's telecommunications market to full competition, Europe's dominant phone companies still hold the majority of their national call markets, according to telecommunications consultancy Dataquest. France Telecom has 97% of the market and BT still has 76% of the UK market.
数据调查公司的统计数据表明，虽然欧洲电信市场已经实行全面竞争，欧洲各大电信公司仍持有所在国家电话市场的大部分份额：法国电信拥有该国 97%的市场份额，英国电信仍占有英国 76%的市场份额。
As a result, much of the early work on the nonelite was aridly statistical in nature; reducing the vast majority of the population to a set of numbers was hardly more enlightening than ignoring them altogether.
这样一来，大部分对非精英阶层的早期研究在性质上仅是枯燥的统计学研究；将人口中广大的平民大众缩略为一组数字，这与其说具有任何启迪作用，还不如将其彻底忽略不计。
Normally, the majority of the VLDL remnants go to the liver where they bind to LDL receptors and are degraded.
正常情况下，绝大多数VLDL残留物会来到肝脏，在这里与LDL受体结合并降解。
In a recent survey of countries in the Middle East, Asia and Europe by the nonpartisan Pew Global Attitudes Project, majorities in 10 of 16 countries had an unfavorable view of the United States. The most negative assessments came from Muslim nations, with Jordan at just 21 percent favorable and Turkey and Pakistan at 23 percent.
无党派的普尤全球态度项目最近对中东、亚洲和欧洲所做的民意调查显示，在16个国家中，有10个国家的多数人对美国没有好感，而穆斯林国家对美国的评价最差，约旦只有21%的人支持美国，土耳其和巴基斯坦也只有23%。
"The member states who have to push a button in the General Assembly will realize that the G-four draft resolution is the only one that can carry a majority," he said. "And they will also realize that the alternative is zero. There is no alternative."
普洛伊格说：“要在联大表决中投票的成员国将意识到，四国草案是唯一能得到多数票的提案。而且他们也会认识到别无选择，根本没有选择的余地。”
Concern over the president's plan is not limited to Democrats. Some Republicans are nervous about public opinion polls that suggest growing majorities disapprove of the president's approach to Social Security, even as he campaigns on the issue around the country.
对布什总统的方案有顾虑的不仅仅是民主党人士，一些共和党人对民意调查的结果感到担心。民意调查显示，不认同布什总统解决社安制度方案的人越来越多，即使布什正在为他的方案在全国各地争取支持。
The core of the insurgency is made up of Sunni Muslim militants who oppose the polls. They fear that Sunnis, who are a minority in Iraq but have long-dominated Iraqi politics, will be marginalized by the country's majority Shi'ite Muslims.
暴乱力量的核心由反对选举的逊尼派穆斯林激进分子组成。他们担心在伊拉克占少数、但长期以来统治伊拉克的逊尼派穆斯林会被这个国家的什叶派多数边缘化。
Officials here say Mr. Armitage will be appealing to officials in the three countries, which have Sunni Muslim majorities, to do what they can to persuade Iraqi Sunnis to take part in next month's elections.
此间官员说，阿米蒂奇将向这三个以逊尼派穆斯林为主的国家的官员发出呼吁，希望他们尽可能说服伊拉克逊尼派穆斯林参加下个月的选举。
Iraqi Sunnis formed the political base of Saddam Hussein, and many now fear the January 30 elections for a Transitional National Assembly will be a vehicle for the assumption of power by majority Iraqi Shiites.
伊拉克逊尼派穆斯林曾经组成前萨达姆政权的政治基础。很多人担心，1月30号举行的过渡国民议会选举将成为占伊拉克人口大多数的什叶派穆斯林夺取权力的一个手段。
In a further breakdown of the statistics, Mr. al-Dulame said 60 percent of Kurdish respondents from northern Iraq said they support Mr. Bush. Most Kurds were staunch opponents of Saddam Hussein.The poll indicated 75 percent of Arab Iraqis who have an opinion support John Kerry. Mr. Dulame said Iraqis from the Shiite muslim majority generally prefer President Bush. But a large majority of Sunnis responding to the survey oppose the president. Saddam Hussein is a Sunni Muslim.
阿尔杜拉米对调查获得的数据进一步分析以后表示，伊拉克北部库尔德人表示支持布什总统。大多数的库尔德人都坚决反对萨达姆。调查表明，百分之75的阿拉伯伊拉克人支持克里参议员。阿尔杜拉米说，来自什叶派穆斯林的多数派伊拉克人支持布什总统。但是接受调查的逊尼派穆斯林的伊拉克人则反对布什总统。萨达姆是逊尼派穆斯林。
Senator Kerry hopes to keep it that way to offset the majority of male voters who public opinion polls show favor President Bush."George Bush likes to talk about how being president is hard work," said Mr. Kerry. "Well, before he complains about his job, he ought to spend a day with the women who are struggling hard to get by."
克里参议员希望这种情况不会改变，以便抗衡民意测验显示男性选民大多数支持布什的局面。克里说：“乔治·布什喜欢谈论当总统需要多么努力地工作。在他抱怨他的工作辛苦之前，他应该和那些努力工作而日子仍然不好过的女士们呆上一天。”
"Well right now our top priority is making sure that residents and people know they should stay where they are," she said. "We have many people evacuated to other states and throughout our state and we are working to clear the roads and make it safe for them, but at this point it is not. The majority of casualties happen following a storm, not during a storm, and so we are asking people to stay in place and stay safe. Stay out of standing water that can have downed power lines or sharp debris."
莫斯泰勒说：“目前我们的当务之急是努力确保居民和民众知道，他们应该继续呆在避难所。有许多人已被疏散到了其他州。我们目前正在全州境内努力清理道路，以使这些道路能给民众带来安全。不过目前，这些道路并不安全。伤亡的大部份是在风暴后，而不是在风暴过程事发生的。因此我们提请民众原地不动，注意安全。不要到积水中去，那里可能有刮倒的电线，或锋利的瓦砾碎片等。”
F23.1
Acute polymorphic psychotic disorder with symptoms of schizophrenia
An acute psychotic disorder in which the polymorphic and unstable clinical picture is
present, as described in F23.0; despite this instability, however, some symptoms typical
of schizophrenia are also in evidence for the majority of the time. If the schizophrenic
symptoms persist the diagnosis should be changed to schizophrenia (F20.-).
Bouffee delirante with symptoms of schizophrenia
Cycloid psychosis with symptoms of schizophrenia
有精神分裂症症状之急性多态性精神病症
一种急性精神病 ， 其多态性与不稳定性的精神病性症
状 ， 有如 F23.0 所定义者。虽然症状不稳定 ， 但典型之
精神分裂症症状大都时间均存在。若精神分裂症症
状持续 （ 超过一个月 ） ， 则诊断应该更改为精神分
裂症 (F20.-) 。
有精神分裂症症状之 bouffee delirante
有精神分裂症症状之循环性精神病症
F25.0
Schizoaffective disorder, manic type
A disorder in which both schizophrenic and manic symptoms are prominent so that the
episode of illness does not justify a diagnosis of either schizophrenia or a manic
episode. This category should be used for both a single episode and a recurrent disorder
in which the majority of episodes are schizoaffective, manic type.
Schizoaffective psychosis, manic type
Schizophreniform psychosis, manic type
分裂情感障碍 ， 躁型
在同一次发作中 ， 精神分裂和躁症的症状都十分明
显 ， 以致於不能单纯做精神分裂症或躁症发作之诊
断。这个类别适用於单次发作及复发性疾患 ， 其大
部分发作是属分裂情感障碍症 ， 躁型者。
分裂情感性精神病症 ， 躁型
拟精神分裂性精神病症 ， 躁型
F25.1
Schizoaffective disorder, depressive type
A disorder in which both schizophrenic and depressive symptoms are prominent so that the
episode of illness does not justify a diagnosis of either schizophrenia or a depressive
episode. This category should be used for both a single episode and a recurrent disorder
in which the majority of episodes are schizoaffective, depressive type.
Schizoaffective psychosis, depressive type
Schizophreniform psychosis, depressive type
分裂情感障碍症 ， 郁型
在同一次发作中 ， 同时出现明显的精神分裂或忧郁
的症状 ， 以致於不能单纯做精神分裂症或郁症发作
之诊断。这个类别用於单次发作与复发性疾患 ， 其
大部分发作是分裂情感障碍症 ， 郁型者。
分裂情感性精神病症 ， 郁型
拟精神分裂性精神病症 ， 郁型
F34
Persistent mood [affective] disorders
Persistent and usually fluctuating disorders of mood in which the majority of the
individual episodes are not sufficiently severe to warrant being described as hypomanic or
mild depressive episodes. Because they last for many years, and sometimes for the greater
part of the patient's adult life, they involve considerable distress and disability. In
some instances, recurrent or single manic or depressive episodes may become superimposed
on a persistent affective disorder.
持久情感障碍症
这些是持续且通常会变动性的情感疾病 ， 各次发作
很少严重到可被描述为轻躁或轻忧郁发作。因为持
续数年 ， 有时持续於成人期的大部分 ， 并造成病人
相当困扰与功能障碍。然而有时候 ， 在持续性感疾
病之病程中可能会加上单一发作或复发性之躁症、
或郁症之发生。
F42.1
Predominantly compulsive acts [obsessional rituals]
The majority of compulsive acts are concerned with cleaning (particularly handwashing),
repeated checking to ensure that a potentially dangerous situation has not been allowed to
develop, or orderliness and tidiness. Underlying the overt behaviour is a fear, usually of
danger either to or caused by the patient, and the ritual is an ineffectual or symbolic
attempt to avert that danger.
强迫行动 （ 强迫仪式 ） 为主
大半的强迫行动都与乾净 （ 特别是洗手 ） 、重复检
查 （ 以使得潜在危险的情况不致於发生 ） 、秩序、
整齐有关。此种行为乃基於对病患或病患本身可会
引起危险的害怕 ， 而仪式性的行为是一种无效的或
象徵性的努力以用来防止危险。
F43.1
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Arises as a delayed or protracted response to a stressful event or situation (of either
brief or long duration) of an exceptionally threatening or catastrophic nature, which is
likely to cause pervasive distress in almost anyone. Predisposing factors, such as
personality traits (e.g. compulsive, asthenic) or previous history of neurotic illness,
may lower the threshold for the development of the syndrome or aggravate its course, but
they are neither necessary nor sufficient to explain its occurrence. Typical features
include episodes of repeated reliving of the trauma in intrusive memories
("flashbacks"), dreams or nightmares, occurring against the persisting
background of a sense of "numbness" and emotional blunting, detachment from
other people, unresponsiveness to surroundings, anhedonia, and avoidance of activities and
situations reminiscent of the trauma. There is usually a state of autonomic hyperarousal
with hypervigilance, an enhanced startle reaction, and insomnia. Anxiety and depression
are commonly associated with the above symptoms and signs, and suicidal ideation is not
infrequent. The onset follows the trauma with a latency period that may range from a few
weeks to months. The course is fluctuating but recovery can be expected in the majority of
cases. In a small proportion of cases the condition may follow a chronic course over many
years, with eventual transition to an enduring personality change (F62.0).
Traumatic neurosis
创伤後障碍症
源自於对某一压力事件或某种长、短期存在之压力
情境 ， 以迟缓或且拖延的反应来表现。这类事件或
情境具有异常之威胁性或是大灾难的性质 ， 它几乎
可使任何人痛苦。如果有某一些人格特质因素存在
的话 （ 如个性上较强迫性格或柔弱 ） ， 或过去有精
神官能症 ， 可能会使此种症候发生的临界点降低或
使其病程恶化 ， 但它仍不足以完全解释此症候的发
生。典型症状包含 ： 过去创伤的情节会一再侵入记
忆而重现 （flashbacks） ， 常做梦或梦魔 ， 一直感觉 ” 麻
木 ” 及情感迟钝 ， 和别人疏离 ， 对环境没有反应 ，
快乐感缺失 ， 及逃避会使其回忆创伤的种种活动和
情境。自律神经经常属於过度激发状态 ， 伴随有过
度警戒、易有惊吓反应及失眠。忧郁和焦虑常与以
上的症状、徵候在一起 ， 自杀的念头也不少见。创
伤之後到疾病产生之间的潜伏期有数周到数月之久
， 但很少超过六个月。病程起起伏伏 ， 但大部分的
个案都能预期会恢复。不过少部分个案会慢性化而
历经好多年 ， 以致形成人格的永久改变。 （见F62.0）
创伤性精神官能症。
F80.3
Acquired aphasia with epilepsy [Landau-Kleffner]
A disorder in which the child, having previously made normal progress in language
development, loses both receptive and expressive language skills but retains general
intelligence; the onset of the disorder is accompanied by paroxysmal abnormalities on the
EEG, and in the majority of cases also by epileptic seizures. Usually the onset is between
the ages of three and seven years, with skills being lost over days or weeks. The temporal
association between the onset of seizures and loss of language is variable, with one
preceding the other (either way round) hy a few months to two years. An inflammatory
encephalitic process has been suggested as a possible cause of this disorder. About
two-thirds of patients are left with a more or less severe receptive language deficit.
Excludes: aphasia (due to):
. NOS (R47.0)
. autism (F84.0-F84.1)
. disintegrative disorders of childhood (F84.2-F84.3)
有癫痫之後天失语症
儿童在先前有正常的语言发展 ， 後来丧失接受性及
表达性语言技巧 ， 但其仍有正常智力的一种障碍症
； 此种障碍症的发生伴随有阵发性的脑电波异常 ，
大多数个案都有癫痫性抽。典型个案是在 ３ 至 ７ 岁
发作 ， 在数天或数周间突然丧失语言技能。癫痫的
初发及语言能力的丧失在时间的关连上有相当的变
异 ， 二者之发作时间间隔为数个月到两年之间。这
种情况的病因仍未知 ， 但临床的特徵显示了发炎性
脑炎过程病变的可能性 ， 有叁分之二的儿童有严重
的接受性语言障碍。
不包含 ：
． 其他未明示的失语症 (R47.0)
． 自闭症的失语症状 (F84.0-F84.1)
． 其他儿童期崩解症的失语症状 (F84.2-F84.3)
F93.1
Phobic anxiety disorder of childhood
Fears in childhood that show a marked developmental phase specificity and arise (to some
extent) in a majority of children, but that are abnormal in degree. Other fears that arise
in childhood but that are not a normal part of psychosocial development (for example
agoraphobia) should be coded under the appropriate category in section F40-F48. Excludes:
generalized anxiety disorder (F41.1)
儿童期畏惧焦虑症
有些害怕在大多数儿童的发展过程中都会出现 （ 某
种程度 ） ， 但此诊断所指的是害怕的程度远远地超
过正常程度。其他种害怕 （ 或畏惧 ） 并非正常社会
心理发展的一部分 ； 例如惧旷症 ， 应放在 F40-F48 中合
适的诊断下。
不包含 ： 广泛性焦虑症 (F41.1)
F93.3
Sibling rivalry disorder
Some degree of emotional disturbance usually following the birth of an immediately younger
sibling is shown by a majority of young children. A sibling rivalry disorder should be
diagnosed only if the degree or persistence of the disturbance is both statistically
unusual and associated with abnormalities of social interaction.
Sibling jealousy
手足竞争症
大多数年幼的儿童在其弟妹 （ 通常是紧接的一个 ）
出生後都会有某种程度的情绪障碍。只有在其障碍
的程度超过寻常 ， 且并有社交功能障碍时才做此诊
断。
包含 ： 手足嫉妒症
majority carriers 多数载流子
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