literature [ 'litəritʃə] n.文学；文献
literature ['litəritʃə] n. 文学,文艺
Literature and Art Development Company 文艺发展公司
Literature and Art Development Company 文艺发展公司
sensational literature 令人激动的作品
Journalism is literature in a hurry 新闻是急就文学．
伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded
campaign literature 竞选刊物
promotional literature 宣传刊物
民俗学(含中国民间文学) Folklore (including Chinese Folk Literature)
文学 Literature
中国语言文学 Chinese Literature
文艺学 Theory of Literature and Art
中国古代文学 Ancient Chinese Literature
中国现当代文学 Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature
Literature
比较文学与世界文学 Comparative Literature and World Literature
外国语言文学 Foreign Languages and Literatures
英语语言文学 English Language and Literature
俄语语言文学 Russian Language and Literature
法语语言文学 French Language and Literature
德语语言文学 German Language and Literature
日语语言文学 Japanese Language and Literature
印度语言文学 Indian Language and Literature
西班牙语语言文学 Spanish Language and Literature
阿拉伯语语言文学 Arabic Language and Literature
欧洲语言文学 European Language and Literature
亚非语言文学 Asian-African Language and Literature
历史文献学(含敦煌学、古文字学) Studies of Historical Literature (including
中医医史文献 History and Literature of Chinese Medicine
中央文献研究室 Party Literature Research Centre, CCCPC
中国民间文艺家协会 China Society for the Study of Folk Literature and Art
Literature happens to be the only occupation in which wages are not given in proportion to the goodness of the work done.
文学碰巧是唯一的这么一种职业，其报酬与所做工作的优异不成比例。
Have you any literature about the car?
你有关于汽车的资料吗？
He handed out the literature about AIDS to the students.
他把有关艾滋病的资料发给学生。
The visual arts are painting and dancing, etc. as opposed to music and literature.
视觉艺术是绘画，舞蹈等，与音乐和文学相对。
He graduated in English language and literature from London University.
他毕业于伦敦大学英语语言文学专业。
He graduated in English language and literature from London University.
他毕业于伦敦大学英语语言文学专业。
Great literature is a reservoir of wise thinking.
伟大的文学是一座智慧的宝库。
Here is Professor Johnson's handout on English literature in the 1920s.
这是约翰逊教授关于20世纪20年代英国文学的讲稿。
I read that article in the most recent issue of Foreign Literature.
我在最近一期《外国文学》上读到了那篇文章。
His last novel is his greatest contribution to the literature of Spain.
他最后的一篇小说是他对西班牙文学的最大贡献。
the cream of this year’s literature
今年的文学精品
I particularly like English literature.
我对英国文学情有独钟。
He has a passion for literature.
他很热衷于文学。
How do you like our English literature Prof.?你觉得我们的英国文学课的教授怎么样?
Every man's work, whether it be literature of music of pictures or architecture of anything else, is always a portrait of himself.
Samuel Brtler, Averican educator
每个人的工作，不管是文学、音乐、美术、建筑还是其他工作，都是自己的一幅画像。
美国教育家勃特勒.S.
It was the policy of the good old gentlemen to make his chileren feel that home was the happiest place in the world; and I value this delicious home---feeling as one of the choicest gifts a parent can bestow.
Irvng Washington, Father of literature of the United States.
让孩子感到家庭是世界上最幸福的地方，这是以往有涵养的大人明智的做法。这种美妙的家庭情感，在我看来，和大人赠给孩子们的那些最精致的礼物一样珍贵。
美国文学之父华盛顿. I.
Literature flourishes best when it is half a trade and half an art.
Wiliam Rplph lnge, Birtish writer and churchman
当文学一半成为贸易，一半成为艺术时，那是它最繁荣的时期。
英国作家和牧师英奇. W.R.
Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree
Ezra Poud, American poet
幽默被人正确地解释为“以诚挚表达感受，寓深思于嬉笑”。
美国诗人庞德E
The decline of literature indicates the decline of a nation ; the two keep in their downwad tendency.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe German poet
文学的衰落表明一个民族的衰落。这两者走下坡路的时候是齐头并进的。
德国诗人歌德J W
笔记 [bǐ jì] /take down (in writing)/notes/a type of literature consisting mainly of short sketches/
变文 [biàn wén] /a popular form of narrative literature flourishing in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) with alternate prose and rhymed parts for recitation and singing (often on Buddhist themes)/
部 [bù] /ministry/department/section/part/division/troops/board/(a measure word)/(a measure word for works of literature, films, machines, etc.)/
文学 [wén xué] /literature/
文艺 [wén yì] /literature and art/
语文 [yǔ wén] /literature and language/
语文老师 [yǔ wén lǎo shī] /language and literature teacher/
When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
当一场新的艺术运动形成某种时尚时，理应弄清其倡导者的目标所在，因为无论他们的准则在今天看来是多么牵强附会、不可思议，将来都有可能被视为正常的。
With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be — even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right — it can hardly be classed as Literature.
然而，就未来派诗歌而言，情况却相当不同，因为无论未来派诗歌为何物——即使承认其理论根据可能正确，也很难称之为文学。
This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression.
未来派诗人声称，这种加速的生活节奏需要一种新的表达形式。
We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress.
如果我们想诠释现代生活的压力，就必须加快文学发展的步伐。
We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, of finite verbs.
我们必须大量使用基本词汇，摆脱句号，修饰性形容词及限定动词的羁绊。
This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature.
尽管这符合未来派诗歌的规则和要求，却很难被归入文学之列。
All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. 实际上，没有一个善于思考的人会拒绝接受他们的第一个观点：即情感生活的巨大变化要求表达方式也随之变化。
The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?
实际问题是：我们发生了根本的变化吗？
{adj: English} of or relating to or characteristic of England or its culture or people
"English history"
"the English landed aristocracy"
"English literature"
{adj: German} of or pertaining to or characteristic of Germany or its people or language
"German philosophers"
"German universities"
"German literature"
{adj: Nigerian, Nigerien} of or relating to the people of Nigeria
"a Nigerian novelist won the Nobel Prize for literature this year"
{adj: Vedic} of or relating to the Vedas or to the ancient Sanskrit in which they were written
"the Vedic literature"
{adj: deconstructionist} of or concerned with the philosophical theory of literature known as deconstructionism
"deconstructionist criticism"
{adj: early} of an early stage in the development of a language or literature
"the Early Hebrew alphabetical script is that used mainly from the 11th to the 6th centuries B.C."
"Early Modern English is represented in documents printed from 1476 to 1700"
<-> middle, late
{adj: embellished, empurpled, over-embellished, purple} excessively elaborate or showily expressed
"a writer of empurpled literature"
"many purple passages"
"speech embellished with classical quotations"
"an over-embellished story of the fish that got away"
{adj: glorious} having or deserving or conferring glory
"a long and glorious career"
"our glorious literature"
<-> inglorious
{adj: ignorant, nescient, unenlightened, unlearned, unlettered} uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication
"an ignorant man"
"nescient of contemporary literature"
"an unlearned group incapable of understanding complex issues"
"exhibiting contempt for his unlettered companions"
{adj: illiterate} lacking culture, especially in language and literature
<-> literate
{adj: intellectual} appealing to or using the intellect
"satire is an intellectual weapon"
"intellectual workers engaged in creative literary or artistic or scientific labor"
"has tremendous intellectual sympathy for oppressed people"
"coldly intellectual"
"sort of the intellectual type"
"intellectual literature"
<-> nonintellectual
{adj: late} of a later stage in the development of a language or literature; used especially of dead languages
"Late Greek"
<-> early, middle
{adj: literary} appropriate to literature rather than everyday speech or writing
"when trying to impress someone she spoke in an affected literary style"
{adj: literary} knowledgeable about literature
"a literary style"
{adj: literary} of or relating to or characteristic of literature
"literary criticism"
{adj: literate} versed in literature; dealing with literature
<-> illiterate
{adj: lubricious, lustful, prurient, salacious} characterized by lust
"eluding the lubricious embraces of her employer"
"her sensuous grace roused his lustful nature"
"prurient literature"
"prurient thoughts"
"a salacious rooster of a little man"
{adj: measurable} of distinguished importance
"a measurable figure in literature"
{adj: middle} of a stage in the development of a language or literature between earlier and later stages
"Middle English is the English language from about 1100 to 1500"
"Middle Gaelic"
<-> late, early
{adj: modern} characteristic of present-day art and music and literature and architecture
{adj: occurrent} presently occurring (either causally or incidentally)
"technical terms are rarely occurrent in literature"
{adj: permanent, lasting} continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place
"permanent secretary to the president"
"permanent address"
"literature of permanent value"
<-> impermanent
{adj: phantasmagoric, phantasmagorical, surreal, surrealistic} characterized by fantastic imagery and incongruous juxtapositions
"a great concourse of phantasmagoric shadows"--J.C.Powys
"the incongruous imagery in surreal art and literature"
{adj: scatological} dealing pruriently with excrement and excretory functions
"scatological literature"
{adj: subliterary} not written as or intended to be literature
"subliterary works such as letters and diaries"
{adj: sympathetic, appealing, likeable, likable} (of characters in literature or drama) evoking empathic or sympathetic feelings
"the sympathetic characters in the play"
<-> unsympathetic
{adj: unique} highly unusual or rare but not the single instance
"spoke with a unique accent"
"had unique ability in raising funds"
"a frankness unique in literature"
"a unique dining experience"
{adj: unsympathetic, unappealing, unlikeable, unlikable} (of characters in literature or drama) tending to evoke antipathetic feelings
"all the characters were peculiarly unsympathetic"
<-> sympathetic
{n: Aragon, Louis Aragon} French writer who generalized surrealism to literature (1897-1982)
{n: Bachelor of Literature, BLitt} a bachelor's degree in literature
{n: Churchill, Winston Churchill, Winston S. Churchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spenser Churchill} British statesman and leader during World War II; received Nobel prize for literature in 1953 (1874-1965)
{n: Comstock, Anthony Comstock} United States reformer who led moral crusades against art and literature that he considered obscene (1844-1915)
{n: Eliot, T. S. Eliot, Thomas Stearns Eliot} British poet (born in the United States) who won the Nobel prize for literature; his plays are outstanding examples of modern verse drama (1888-1965)
{n: English department, department of English} the academic department responsible for teaching English and American literature
{n: English} the discipline that studies the English language and literature
{n: Germanist} a specialist in the study of Germanic language or culture or literature
{n: Gide, Andre Gide, Andre Paul Guillaume Gide} French author and dramatist who is regarded as the father of modern French literature (1869-1951)
{n: Gogol, Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol} Russian writer who introduced realism to Russian literature (1809-1852)
{n: Gongorism} an affected elegance of style that was introduced into Spanish literature by the poet Gongora
{n: Haggadah, Haggada, Hagada} Talmudic literature that does not deal with law but is still part of Jewish tradition
{n: Halakah, Halaka, Halacha} Talmudic literature that deals with law and with the interpretation of the laws on the Hebrew Scriptures
{n: Harlem Renaissance} a period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished
{n: Hemingway, Ernest Hemingway} an American writer of fiction who won the Nobel prize for literature in 1954 (1899-1961)
{n: Master of Literature, MLitt} a master's degree in literature
{n: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System, MEDLARS} relational database of the United States National Library of Medicine for the storage and retrieval of bibliographical information concerning the biomedical literature
{n: Nobel prize} an annual award for outstanding contributions to chemistry or physics or physiology and medicine or literature or economics or peace
{n: Pahlavi} the Iranian language of the Zoroastrian literature of the 3rd to 10th centuries
{n: Pound, Ezra Pound, Ezra Loomis Pound} United States writer who lived in Europe; strongly influenced the development of modern literature (1885-1972)
{n: Prix Goncourt} an award given annually for contributions to French literature
{n: Rilke, Rainer Maria Rilke} German poet (born in Austria) whose imagery and mystic lyricism influenced 20th-century German literature (1875-1926)
{n: Romanticism, Romantic Movement} a movement in literature and art during the late 18th and early 19th centuries that celebrated nature rather than civilization
"Romanticism valued imagination and emotion over rationality"
<-> classicism
{n: Sanskrit literature} Hindu literature written in Sanskrit
{n: Sung, Sung dynasty, Song, Song dynasty} the imperial dynasty of China from 960 to 1279; noted for art and literature and philosophy
{n: Talmudic literature} (Judaism) ancient rabbinical writings
{n: Vedic literature, Veda} (from the Sanskrit word for `knowledge') any of the most ancient sacred writings of Hinduism written in early Sanskrit; traditionally believed to comprise the Samhitas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas, and the Upanishads
{n: Wen Ch'ang, Wen-Ti} Chinese god of literature
{n: Wyatt, Sir Thomas Wyatt, Wyat, Sir Thomas Wyat} English poet who introduced the sonnet form to English literature (1503-1542)
{n: academy, honorary society} an institution for the advancement of art or science or literature
{n: agitprop} political propaganda (especially Communist propaganda) communicated via art and literature and cinema
{n: classicism, classicalism} a movement in literature and art during the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe that favored rationality and restraint and strict forms
"classicism often derived its models from the ancient Greeks and Romans"
<-> Romanticism
{n: comparative literature} study of literary works from different cultures (often in translation)
{n: comprehension} an ability to understand the meaning or importance of something (or the knowledge acquired as a result)
"how you can do that is beyond my comprehension"
"he was famous for his comprehension of American literature"
<-> incomprehension
{n: comprehensive examination, comprehensive, comp} an intensive examination testing a student's proficiency in some special field of knowledge
"she took her comps in English literature"
{n: criticism, literary criticism} a written evaluation of a work of literature
{n: deconstruction, deconstructionism} a philosophical theory of criticism (usually of literature or film) that seeks to expose deep-seated contradictions in a work by delving below its surface meaning
{n: department} a specialized sphere of knowledge
"baking is not my department"
"his work established a new department of literature"
{n: folklore} the unwritten literature (stories and proverbs and riddles and songs) of a culture
{n: hagiology} literature narrating the lives (and legends) of the saints
{n: historiography} a body of historical literature
{n: linguistics, philology} the humanistic study of language and literature
{n: literalism} the doctrine of realistic (literal) portrayal in art or literature
{n: literary criticism, lit crit} the informed analysis and evaluation of literature
{n: literary critic} a critic of literature
{n: literary study} the humanistic study of literature
{n: literature, lit} the humanistic study of a body of literature
"he took a course in Russian lit"
{n: literature} creative writing of recognized artistic value
{n: literature} published writings in a particular style on a particular subject
"the technical literature"
"one aspect of Waterloo has not yet been treated in the literature"
{n: literature} the profession or art of a writer
"her place in literature is secure"
{n: longueur} a period of dullness or boredom (especially in a work of literature or performing art)
{n: magnum opus} a great work of art or literature
{n: marginalization, marginalisation} the social process of becoming or being made marginal (especially as a group within the larger society)
"the marginalization of the underclass"
"the marginalization of literature"
{n: mimesis} the imitative representation of nature and human behavior in art and literature
{n: modernism} genre of art and literature that makes a self-conscious break with previous genres
{n: moralization, moralisation} the act of making moral (or more moral)
"for years she worked toward the moralization of English literature"
{n: neoclassicism} revival of a classical style (in art or literature or architecture or music) but from a new perspective or with a new motivation
{n: neoromanticism} an art movement based on a revival of romanticism in art and literature
{n: poetry, poesy, verse} literature in metrical form
{n: postmodernism} genre of art and literature and especially architecture in reaction against principles and practices of established modernism
{n: preference, penchant, predilection, taste} a strong liking
"my own preference is for good literature"
"the Irish have a penchant for blarney"
{n: quattrocento} the 15th century in Italian art and literature
{n: review} a periodical that publishes critical essays on current affairs or literature or art
{n: samizdat, underground press} a system of clandestine printing and distribution of dissident or banned literature
{n: sapiential book, wisdom book, wisdom literature} any of the biblical books (Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Wisdom of Solomon, Ecclesiasticus) that are considered to contain wisdom
{n: scenario} a setting for a work of art or literature
"the scenario is France during the Reign of Terror"
{n: sutra} a rule or aphorism in Sanskrit literature or a group of aphoristic doctrinal summaries prepared for memorization
{n: symphonic poem, tone poem} an orchestral composition based on literature or folk tales
{n: tantra} any of a fairly recent class of Hindu or Buddhist religious literature concerned with ritual acts of body and speech and mind
{n: tension} a balance between and interplay of opposing elements or tendencies (especially in art or literature)
"there is a tension created between narrative time and movie time"
"there is a tension between these approaches to understanding history"
{n: whole} all of something including all its component elements or parts
"Europe considered as a whole"
"the whole of American literature"
{v: inscribe} address, as a work of literature, in a style less formal than a dedication
They sit down to commit an act of literature, and the self who emerges on paper is a far stiffer person than the one who sat down.
他们坐下来进行一次文学创作，可是出现在纸上的自我比坐下来的本人要呆板得多。
We also reviewed the scientific research literature on self-change, a topic that behavioral scientists began to explore in earnest in the 1960s.
我们还回顾了有关改变自我的科学研究文献。早在 20世纪 60年代，改变自我就是行为科学家开始认真探索的课题。
The younger, Eduard, gifted in music and literature, would die in a Swiss psychiatric hospital.
二儿子爱德华具有音乐文学天才，后来死在瑞士一家精神病医院中。
His wife MacKenzie, an English literature graduate of Princeton, was all for the adventure.
他的妻子麦肯齐是普林斯顿大学的英国文学硕士生，她十分赞成丈夫的这种冒险行为。
Tillie Olsen's fiction and essays have been widely and rightly acknowledged as major contributions to American literature.
蒂莉·奥尔森（Tillie Olson）的小说及散文被广泛且当之无愧地承认为对美国文学的重大贡献。
Anyone who has followed recent historical literature can testify to the revolution that is taking place in historical studies.
任何一个密切关注近期史学文献的人均能证明，在史学研究中正发生着一场革命。
spsc-44111512
Literature rack
文献架
spsc-60102303
Bible based childrens literature books
圣经儿童文学
spsc-60102304
Childrens literature books
儿童文学书
spsc-94121603
Poetry or literature hobby clubs
诗和文学爱好俱乐部
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