labour ['leɪbə(r)] (美labor) n. 劳动
labor ['leibə] 人工
包工包料 contract for labor and materials
国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization)
劳动合同制 labor contract system
因地制宜,合理分工,各展所长,优势互补,共同发展的原则 proceed in the light of local conditions and in accordance with a rational division of labor, with all the regions exploiting their own parricular advantages for mutual benefit and development
专业化分工 division of labor based on specialization
commissary in charge of studies 学习委员
commissary in charge of entertainment 文娱委员
commissary in charge of sports 体育委员
commissary in charge of physical labor 劳动委员
Party branch secretary 党支部书记
League branch secretary 团支部书记
commissary in charge of organization 组织委员
commissary in charge of publicity 宣传委员
国际劳工组织 International Labor Organization
教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。
Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated with
productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed
morally, intellectuall and physically.
五爱（爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱护公物）
"Five Love": love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good
care of public property.
新增劳动力 incoming labor force
劳动力市场 labor market
commissary in charge of physical labor 劳动委员
解除劳动关系 sever labor relation
劳动力流动 labor mobility
labor mobility 劳动力流动
labor mobility 劳动力流动
labor mobility 劳动力流动
劳动经济学 Labor Economics
collective labor agreement 集体劳动合同
lack of labor 劳动力缺乏
unit labor cost 单位劳动成本
Why is woman persistently regarded as a mystery?
It is not that she has labored to conceal the organic and psychological facts of her constitution, but that men have showed no interest in exploring them.
为什么女人总是被视为神秘的事物？
原因并不是她极力隐瞒了关于自身生理与心理的事实，而是男人从来就没有对探索这些事实表现过兴趣。
No true and permanent fame can be founded except in labors which promote the happiness of mankind.
真正的、永恒的声望只能在增进人类幸福的劳作中求得。
Labor is the superior of capital, and deserves much the higher consideration.
劳动高于资本，理应得到多得多的报酬。
They organized workers into a labor group.
他们把工人组织成了一个劳工组织。
The Labor Party commenced its new strategy for industry.
工党提出了其发展工业的新策略。
Labor is on top in it’s contract discussions with management.
在与资方的劳务合同谈判中，劳方占有利地位。
If labor and management don’t reach an accommodation, there will be a strike.
如果劳资双方不能达成妥协，就会发生罢工。
Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800’s, this new view of childhood spread throughout society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as reformers introduced child labor regulations and compulsory education laws predicted in part on the assumption that a child’s emotional value made child labor taboo.
这种关于孩子的观点到19世纪时已在中上阶级中建立，并于19世纪末20世纪初在社会上广泛传播，当时改革者们推行童工规定和义务教育法，部分来源于孩子的情感价值的假设，这都使得使用童工被禁止了。
If we take the age-and sex-specific unemployment rates that existed in 1956 (when the overall unemployment rate was 4.1 percent) and weight them by the age- and sex-specific shares of the labor force that prevail currently, the overall unemployment rate becomes 5 percent.
如果我们将1956年（当时的平均失业率为4、1％）的年龄和性别失业率分来用今天一般的劳动力中年龄性别比来计算的话，平均失业率就是5％了。
It takes a lot of labor to build a railway.
修筑一条铁路要花费许多劳动力。
You needn't labor a point that is perfectly plain.
这点很明显，你用不着讲个没完。
He is a member of the Labor Party.
他是一名工党党员。
Our guarantee covers maintenance for both parts and labor.
我们的保证是包括更换零件和免费保养。
The efficiency is greatly raised,and the intensity of labor is decreased.
工作效率大大地提高了，而劳动强度却降低了。
To travel hopefully is a better thing than to arrive, and the true success is to labor.
Robert Louis Stevenson, British writer
怀着希望去旅行比抵达目的地更愉快；而真正的成功在于工作。
英国作家史蒂文森。R.L.
Sloth, like rust, consumes faster than labor wears.
Benjamin Franklin, American president
懒惰像生锈一样，比操劳更能消耗身体。
美国总统富兰克林。B.
All the blessings we enjoy are the fruits of labor, toil, and self-denial, and study.
Willian Graham Sumner, American sociologist
我们得到的一切幸福都是劳动、辛苦、自我克制和学习的成果。
美国社会学家萨姆纳.W.G.
Labor is often the father of pleasure.
French Philosopher and historian
劳动常常是快乐之父。
法国哲学家、历史学家伏尔泰
To give and not to count the cost;
To fight and not to heed the wounds;
To toil and not to seek for rest;
To labor and not ask for any reward;
Save that of knowing that we do thy will.
St Ignatius of Loyola Spanish priest
给予，不计较代价；
战斗，不顾伤亡；
劳作而不寻求安逸；
奉献而不要求奖赏——
只要我们在履行上帝的旨意。
西班牙牧师罗耀拉，圣依纳爵
@@@ 运动, 变动
division of labor 劳动分工
from side to side 左右摇摆; 晃动
get around 走动; 旅行
glide along 滑动, 滑过
gym shoes 运动鞋
in flux 处于不断变化之中; 动荡不定
keep track of 了解动态, 掌握线索
move about/around 走来走去; 动来动去; 不断迁移
range from A to B 在A和B之间变化或变动; 从A延伸到B
vary from ... to ... 从...到...变动/变化
work out 1.解决问题; 算出; 设计出
2.做大运动量的锻炼, 健身
把头 [bǎ tóu] /labor contractor/gangmaster/
半劳动力 [bàn láo dòng lì] /one able to do light manual labor only/semi-able-bodied or part time (farm) worker/
半脱产 [bàn tuō chǎn] /partly released from productive labor/partly released from one's regular work/
分工 [fēn gōng] /divide the work/division of labor/
分娩 [fēn miǎn] /delivery/labor/
工 [gōng] /work/worker/skill/profession/trade/craft/labor/
功夫 [gōng fu ] /skill/art/kung fu/labor/effort/
工夫 [gōng fu ] /work/labor/effort/
厚生劳动省 [hòu shēng láo dòng shěng] /Japanese ministry of health, labor and welfare/
厚生省 [hòu shēng shěng] /Japanese ministry of health, labor and welfare/
拮 [jié] /antagonistic/laboring hard/pressed/
劳动 [láo dòng] /(physical) labor/
劳动教养 [láo dòng jiào yǎng] /reeducation through labor/
劳动节 [láo dòng jié] /International Labor Day (May Day)/
劳动力 [láo dòng lì] /labor force/manpower/
劳工 [láo gōng] /labor/
劳教 [láo jiào] /reeducation through labor/
劳资 [láo zī] /labor and capital/labor and management/
劬 [qú] /labor/
人力 [rén lì] /manpower/labor power/
繇 [yáo] /folk-song/forced labor/
As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.
由此引起的结果是，现代世界已经日益充斥着智能的装置，虽然我们几乎都注意不到他们，但他们的普遍存在却节省了许多人类劳力。
Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, "spatial" thinking about things technological.
在诸多形成因素中，我想特别指出这个国家优异的小学教育；欢迎新技术的劳动大军；对发明者进行奖励的做法；尤其是美国人在处理技术性事物所具有的非语言的空间思维才能。
The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit.
私有企业经济的一个重要因素是允许个人拥有生产资料（私有财产），允许他们雇用劳动力，控制自然资源，通过生产产品、提供服务来获取利润。
{adj: arduous, backbreaking, grueling, gruelling, hard, heavy, laborious, operose, punishing, toilsome} characterized by toilsome effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort
"worked their arduous way up the mining valley"
"a grueling campaign"
"hard labor"
"heavy work"
"heavy going"
"spent many laborious hours on the project"
"set a punishing pace"
{adj: care-laden, heavy-laden} burdened by cares
"all ye that labor and are heavy-laden"-Matt.11:28
{adj: common, mutual} common to or shared by two or more parties
"a common friend"
"the mutual interests of management and labor"
{adj: daily, day-to-day, day-after-day, every day} occurring or done each day
"a daily record"
"day-by-day labors of thousands of men and women"- H.S.Truman
"her day-after-day behavior"
"an every day occurrence"
{adj: disenfranchised, disfranchised, voiceless, voteless} deprived of the rights of citizenship especially the right to vote
" labor was voiceless"
"disenfrenchised masses took to the streets"
<-> enfranchised
{adj: drudging, laboring, labouring, toiling} doing arduous or unpleasant work
"drudging peasants"
"the bent backs of laboring slaves picking cotton"
"toiling coal miners in the black deeps"
{adj: extensive} of agriculture; increasing productivity by using large areas with minimal outlay and labor
"producing wheat under extensive conditions"
"agriculture of the extensive type"
<-> intensive
{adj: forced} forced or compelled
"promised to abolish forced labor"
{adj: hardheaded, hard-nosed, practical, pragmatic} guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory
"a hardheaded appraisal of our position"
"a hard-nosed labor leader"
"completely practical in his approach to business"
"not ideology but pragmatic politics"
{adj: hardscrabble, marginal} of a bare living gained by great labor
"the sharecropper's hardscrabble life"
"a marginal existence"
{adj: hardscrabble} yielding little by great labor
"a hardscrabble farm"
"poor soil"
{adj: healthy, intelligent, levelheaded, level-headed, sound} exercising or showing good judgment
"healthy scepticism"
"a healthy fear of rattlesnakes"
"the healthy attitude of French laws"
"healthy relations between labor and management"
"an intelligent solution"
"a sound approach to the problem"
"sound advice"
"no sound explanation for his decision"
{adj: heavy, labored, laboured} requiring or showing effort
"heavy breathing"
"the subject made for labored reading"
{adj: incidental, incident} (sometimes followed by `to') minor or casual or subordinate in significance or nature or occurring as a chance concomitant or consequence
"incidental expenses"
"the road will bring other incidental advantages"
"extra duties incidental to the job"
"labor problems incidental to a rapid expansion"
"confusion incidental to a quick change"
<-> basic
{adj: intellectual} appealing to or using the intellect
"satire is an intellectual weapon"
"intellectual workers engaged in creative literary or artistic or scientific labor"
"has tremendous intellectual sympathy for oppressed people"
"coldly intellectual"
"sort of the intellectual type"
"intellectual literature"
<-> nonintellectual
{adj: intensive} characterized by a high degree or intensity; often used as a combining form
"the questioning was intensive"
"intensive care"
"research-intensive"
"a labor-intensive industry"
{adj: intensive} of agriculture; intended to increase productivity of a fixed area by expending more capital and labor
"intensive agriculture"
"intensive conditions"
<-> extensive
{adj: itinerant} traveling from place to place to work
"itinerant labor"
"an itinerant judge"
{adj: labor-intensive, labour-intensive} requiring a large expenditure of labor but not much capital
"cottage industries are labor intensive"
{adj: labored, laboured, strained} lacking natural ease
"a labored style of debating"
{adj: laborsaving, laboursaving} designed to replace or conserve human and especially manual labor
"laborsaving devices like washing machines"
{adj: manual} doing or requiring physical work
"manual labor"
"manual laborer"
{adj: nonproductive} not directly productive
"nonproductive labor"
{adj: organized, organised, unionized, unionised} being a member of or formed into a labor union
"organized labor"
"unionized workers"
"a unionized shop"
{adj: parasitic, parasitical, leechlike, bloodsucking} of plants or persons; having the nature or habits of a parasite or leech; living off another
"a wealthy class parasitic upon the labor of the masses"
"parasitic vines that strangle the trees"
"bloodsucking blackmailer"
"his indolent leechlike existence"
{adj: ponderous} labored and dull
"a ponderous speech"
{adj: seasonal} occurring at or dependent on a particular season
"seasonal labor"
"a seasonal rise in unemployment"
<-> year-round
{adj: soul-destroying} destructive to the spirit or soul
"soul-destroying labor"
{adj: unamusing} not amusing
"his jokes were labored and unamusing"
{adj: unearned} not gained by merit or labor or service
"accepted the unearned rewards that came his ways as well as the unearned criticism"
"unearned income"
"an unearned run"
<-> earned
{adj: unmilitary, nonmilitary} not associated with soldiers or the military
"unmilitary circles of government"
"fatigue duty involves nonmilitary labor"
<-> military
{adj: unproductive} not producing desired results
"the talks between labor and management were unproductive"
{adj: unskilled} not having or showing or requiring special skill or proficiency
"unskilled in the art of rhetoric"
"an enthusiastic but unskillful mountain climber"
"unskilled labor"
"workers in unskilled occupations are finding fewer and fewer job opportunities"
"unskilled workmanship"
<-> skilled
{adj: wage-earning, working-class} working for hourly wages rather than fixed (e.g. annual) salaries
"working-class occupations include manual as well as industrial labor"
{adv: by a long shot} by a great deal
"he is the best by a long shot"
"his labors haven't ended there--not by a long shot"
{n: American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, AFL-CIO} the largest federation of North American labor unions; formed in 1955
{n: American Federation of Labor, AFL} a federation of North American labor unions that merged with the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1955
{n: American Labor Party} a former political party in the United States; formed in 1936 in New York when labor and liberals bolted the Democratic Party
{n: Bevin, Ernest Bevin} British labor leader and statesman who played an important role in diplomacy after World War II (1884-1951)
{n: Braxton-Hicks contraction, false labor} painless contractions of the muscles of the uterus that continue throughout pregnancy with increasing frequency
{n: Bridges, Harry Bridges} United States labor leader who organized the longshoremen (1901-1990)
{n: Chavez, Cesar Chavez, Cesar Estrada Chavez} United States labor leader who organized farm workers (born 1927)
{n: Congress of Industrial Organizations, CIO} a federation of North American industrial unions that merged with the American Federation of Labor in 1955
{n: Debs, Eugene V. Debs, Eugene Victor Debs} United States labor organizer who ran for President as a socialist (1855-1926)
{n: Department of Commerce and Labor} a former executive department of the United States government; created in 1903 and split into two departments in 1913
{n: Department of Labor, Labor Department, Labor, DoL} the federal department responsible for promoting the working conditions of wage earners in the United States; created in 1913
{n: Farmer-Labor Party} a former minor political party in the United States in the early 20th century
{n: Gompers, Samuel Gompers} United States labor leader (born in England) who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1886 to 1924 (1850-1924)
{n: Green, William Green} United States labor leader who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1924 to 1952 and who led the struggle with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (1873-1952)
{n: Haywood, Big Bill Haywood, William Dudley Haywood} United States labor leader and militant socialist who was one of the founders of the Industrial Workers of the World (1869-1928)
{n: Hercules, Heracles, Herakles, Alcides} (classical mythology) a hero noted for his strength; performed 12 immense labors to gain immortality
{n: Hoffa, Jimmy Hoffa, James Riddle Hoffa} United States labor leader who was president of the Teamsters Union; he was jailed for trying to bribe a judge and later disappeared and is assumed to have been murdered (1913-1975)
{n: Industrial Workers of the World, IWW, I.W.W.} a former international labor union and radical labor movement in the United States; founded in Chicago in 1905 and dedicated to the overthrow of capitalism; its membership declined after World War I
{n: International Labor Organization, International Labour Organization, ILO} the United Nations agency concerned with the interests of labor
{n: Jones, Mother Jones, Mary Harris Jones} United States labor leader (born in Ireland) who helped to found the Industrial Workers of the World (1830-1930)
{n: Kurdistan Workers Party, Kurdistan Labor Pary, Partiya Karkeran Kurdistan, PPK} a Marxist-Leninist terrorist group of Kurds trying to establish an independent Kurdish state in eastern Turkey
{n: Labor Day} first Monday in September in the United States and Canada
{n: Labour Party, Labour, Labor Party, Labor} a political party formed in Great Britain in 1900; characterized by the promotion of labor's interests and the socialization of key industries
{n: Lewis, John L. Lewis, John Llewelly Lewis} United States labor leader who was president of the United Mine Workers of America from 1920 to 1960 and president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations from 1935 to 1940 (1880-1969)
{n: May Day, First of May, May 1} observed in the United States to celebrate the coming of spring; observed in Russia in honor of labor
{n: Meany, George Meany} United States labor leader who was the first president of the AFL-CIO (1894-1980)
{n: Mitchell, John Mitchell} United States labor leader; president of the United Mine Workers of America from 1898 to 1908 (1870-1919)
{n: National Labor Relations Board, NLRB} an independent agency of the United States government charged with mediating disputes between management and labor unions
{n: Nemean lion} (Greek mythology) an enormous lion strangled by Hercules as the first of his 12 labors
{n: Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OSHA} a government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment
{n: Reed, John Reed} United States journalist who reported on the October Revolution from Petrograd in 1917; founded the Communist Labor Party in America in 1919; is buried in the Kremlin in Moscow (1887-1920)
{n: Revolutionary Proletarian Nucleus, Revolutionary Proletarian Initiative Nuclei, NIPR} a clandestine group of leftist extremists who oppose Italy's labor policies and foreign policy; responsible for bombing building in the historic center of Rome from 2000 to 2002
{n: Secretary of Commerce and Labor} head of a former executive department created in 1903 and divided into two departments in 1913
{n: Secretary of Labor, Labor Secretary} the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Labor
"the first Labor Secretary was William B. Wilson who was appointed by President Wilson"
{n: Secretary of Labor, Labor Secretary} the position of the head of the Department of Labor
"the post of Labor Secretary was created in 1913"
{n: Socialist Labor Party} a political party in the United States; formed in 1874 to advocate the peaceful introduction of socialism
{n: Solzhenitsyn, Alexander Isayevich Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn} Soviet writer and political dissident whose novels exposed the brutality of Soviet labor camps (born in 1918)
{n: Walesa, Lech Walesa} Polish labor leader and statesman (born in 1943)
{n: arbitration} (law) the hearing and determination of a dispute by an impartial referee agreed to by both parties (often used to settle disputes between labor and management)
{n: asynclitism, obliquity} the presentation during labor of the head of the fetus at an abnormal angle
{n: birth pangs, labor pains, labour pains} a regularly recurrent spasm of pain that is characteristic of childbirth
{n: bond servant} someone bound to labor without wages
{n: bonded labor} an illegal practice in which employers give high-interest loans to workers whose entire families then labor at low wages to pay off the debt
{n: bracero} a Mexican laborer who worked in the United States on farms and railroads in order to ease labor shortages during World War II
{n: childbirth-preparation class} a course that teaches pregnant women to use breathing and concentration and exercise techniques to use during labor
{n: corvee} unpaid labor (as for the maintenance of roads) required by a lord of his vassals in lieu of taxes
{n: cost} the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor
{n: craft union} a labor union whose membership is restricted to workers in a particular craft
{n: deckhand, roustabout} a member of a ship's crew who performs manual labor
{n: depersonalization, depersonalisation, reification} representing a human being as a physical thing deprived of personal qualities or individuality
"according to Marx, treating labor as a commodity exemplified the reification of the individual"
{n: direct action} a protest action by labor or minority groups to obtain their demands
{n: dyspnea, dyspnoea} difficult or labored respiration
{n: earner, wage earner} someone who earn wages in return for their labor
{n: effacement} shortening of the uterine cervix and thinning of its walls as it is dilated during labor
{n: fatigue duty, fatigue} labor of a nonmilitary kind done by soldiers (cleaning or digging or draining or so on)
"the soldiers were put on fatigue to teach them a lesson"
"they were assigned to kitchen fatigues"
{n: fatigues} military uniform worn by military personnel when doing menial labor
{n: featherbedding} the practice (usually by a labor union) of requiring an employer to hire more workers than are required
{n: full employment} the economic condition when everyone who wishes to work at the going wage rate for their type of labor is employed
{n: fuss, trouble, bother, hassle} an angry disturbance
"he didn't want to make a fuss"
"they had labor trouble"
"a spot of bother"
{n: gasp, pant} a short labored intake of breath with the mouth open
"she gave a gasp and fainted"
{n: handicraft, handcraft, handiwork, handwork} a work produced by hand labor
{n: incompetent cervix} (obstetrics) uterine cervix that becomes dilated before term and without labor often resulting in miscarriage or premature birth
{n: induction of labor} (obstetrics) inducing the childbirth process artificially by administering oxytocin or by puncturing the amniotic sac
{n: industrial union, vertical union} a labor union that admits all workers in a given industry irrespective of their craft
{n: labor coach, monitrice} assistant (often the father) who provides support for a woman in labor by encouraging her to use techniques learned in childbirth-preparation classes
{n: labor contract, labor agreement, collective agreement} contract between labor and management government wages and benefits and working conditions
{n: labor force, labor pool} the source of trained people from which workers can be hired
{n: labor leader} a leader of a labor movement
{n: labor market} the market in which workers compete for jobs and employers compete for workers
{n: labor movement, trade union movement, labor} an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement
{n: labor of love, labour of love} productive work performed voluntarily without material reward or compensation
{n: labor pain} pain and discomfort associated with contractions of the uterus during labor
{n: labor resources} resources of available manpower
{n: labor, labour, toil} productive work (especially physical work done for wages)
"his labor did not require a great deal of skill"
{n: labor, labour, working class, proletariat} a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages
"there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field"
{n: laborer, manual laborer, labourer, jack} someone who works with their hands; someone engaged in manual labor
{n: loading} the labor of putting a load of something on or in a vehicle or ship or container etc.
"the loading took 2 hours"
<-> unloading
{n: logistics} handling an operation that involves providing labor and materials be supplied as needed
{n: low-birth-weight baby, low-birth-weight infant} an infant born weighing less than 5.5 pounds (2500 grams) regardless of gestational age
"a low-birth-weight infant is at risk for developing lack of oxygen during labor"
{n: machinery} a system of means and activities whereby a social institution functions
"the complex machinery of negotiation"
"the machinery of command labored and brought forth an order"
{n: manual labor, manual labour} labor done with the hands
{n: natural childbirth} labor and childbirth without medical intervention; no drugs are given to relieve pain or aid the birth process
"natural childbirth is considered the safest for the baby"
{n: open shop} a company whose workers are hired without regard to their membership in a labor union
{n: organized labor} employees who are represented by a labor union
{n: organizer, organiser, labor organizer} someone who enlists workers to join a union
{n: oxytocic, oxytocic drug} a drug that induces labor by stimulating contractions of the muscles of the uterus
{n: paracervical block} regional anesthesia resulting from the injection of a local anesthetic on each side of the cervix; used during labor and childbirth
{n: parturiency, labor, labour, confinement, lying-in, travail, childbed} concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of labor to the birth of a child
"she was in labor for six hours"
{n: perestroika} an economic policy adopted in the former Soviet Union; intended to increase automation and labor efficiency but it led eventually to the end of central planning in the Russian economy
{n: picket} a protester posted by a labor organization outside a place of work
{n: plant, works, industrial plant} buildings for carrying on industrial labor
"they built a large plant to manufacture automobiles"
{n: premature labor, premature labour} labor beginning prior to the 37th week of gestation
{n: production cost} combined costs of raw material and labor incurred in producing goods
{n: productivity} (economics) the ratio of the quantity and quality of units produced to the labor per unit of time
{n: puissance} power to influence or coerce
"the puissance of the labor vote"
{n: relaxin} hormone secreted by the corpus luteum during the last days of pregnancy; relaxes the pelvic ligaments and prepares the uterus for labor
{n: self-organization, self-organisation} organizing yourself (especially organizing your own labor union)
{n: servitude} state of subjection to an owner or master or forced labor imposed as punishment
"penal servitude"
{n: sister} a female person who is a fellow member of a sorority or labor union or other group
"none of her sisters would betray her"
{n: stranglehold, chokehold, throttlehold} complete power over a person or situation
"corporations have a stranglehold on the media"
"the president applied a chokehold to labor disputes that inconvenienced the public"
{n: supply-side economics} the school of economic theory that stresses the costs of production as a means of stimulating the economy; advocates policies that raise capital and labor output by increasing the incentive to produce
{n: syndicalism} a radical political movement that advocates bringing industry and government under the control of labor unions
{n: takeaway} a concession made by a labor union to a company that is trying to lower its expenditures
{n: undertaking, project, task, labor} any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted
"he prepared for great undertakings"
{n: union card} a card certifying membership in a labor union
{n: union representative} a representative for a labor union
{n: union, labor union, trade union, trades union, brotherhood} an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer
"you have to join the union in order to get a job"
{n: unionism, trade unionism} the system or principles and theory of labor unions
{n: unionization, unionisation} act of forming labor unions
"the issue underlying the strike was unionization"
{n: unloading} the labor of taking a load of something off of or out of a vehicle or ship or container etc.
<-> loading
{n: uterine contraction} a rhythmic tightening in labor of the upper uterine musculature that contracts the size of the uterus and pushes the fetus toward the birth canal
{n: work animal} an animal trained for and used for heavy labor
{n: work-clothing, work-clothes} clothing worn for doing manual labor
{n: workhorse} a horse used for plowing and hauling and other heavy labor
{n: workhouse} a poorhouse where able-bodied poor are compelled to labor
{n: workman, workingman, working man, working person} an employee who performs manual or industrial labor
{n: yellow-dog contract} a labor contract (now illegal) whereby the employee agrees not to join a trade union
{v: back, endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support} be behind ; approve of
"He plumped for the Labor Party"
"I backed Kennedy in 1960"
{v: fail} become bankrupt or insolvent ; fail financially and close
"The toy company went bankrupt after the competition hired cheap Mexican labor"
"A number of banks failed that year"
{v: fight, struggle} make a strenuous or labored effort
"She struggled for years to survive without welfare"
"He fought for breath"
{v: labor, labour, toil, fag, travail, grind, drudge, dig, moil} work hard
"She was digging away at her math homework"
"Lexicographers drudge all day long"
{v: labor, labour} undergo the efforts of childbirth
{v: serve, do} spend time in prison or in a labor camp
"He did six years for embezzlement"
{v: tug, labor, labour, push, drive} strive and make an effort to reach a goal
"She tugged for years to make a decent living"
"We have to push a little to make the deadline!"
"She is driving away at her doctoral thesis"
An American farmer today, for instance, may still get some dirt under his fingernails, but much of his labor is performed under the umbrella of the electronic network.
比如今日的美国农民，也许指甲盖里仍藏着些许污泥，但他的许多劳作都是在电子网络覆盖下进行的。
Among the advantages: Copenhagen's uncrowded airport, an educated labor force capable of functioning in Swedish, Danish, and English, and easy road access to the rest of Europe.
厄勒松德地区的优势包括：哥本哈根客流量适中的机场，受过良好教育能用瑞典语、丹麦语和英语处理日常业务的劳动力大军，以及和欧洲其它地区方便的公路连接线。
Ocean Futures sees this as a " labor of the heart, " but hopes it will also help raise public interest in environmental issues of the oceans. " The knowledge we are acquiring with this enormous effort is going to help all whales, all orcas,
海洋未来机构认为这是一次心甘情愿的活动，希望以此唤起公众对海洋环境问题的关注。库斯多信心十足地说：通过这次活动我们学到的知识将对所有鲸鱼和所有逆戟鲸有利。
and we will grow up better people in the process and manage our resources better, " says Cousteau, confidently.
此外，这次活动还将有助於净化我们的心灵，让我们学会如何更好地管理现有的资源。
All it took was three years of mind-bending labor to pullet together.
这是经过整整三年殚心竭虑、合力完成的杰作。
Legend's big advantages include cheap labor, an extensive distribution system, and freedom from the 15% duty slapped on imports.
联想的巨大势包括廉劳动力、广泛的经销系以及政府对其进口部件减免 15%关税。
Among the innovations: minimal pruning and " soil slotting, " which adds nutrients by digging deep; obsessive hygiene, which recognizes that nasty microbes in picturesque old wineries are enemies of good wine; and labor-intensive 24-hour harvests.
工艺的创新如下：尽可能少地修剪葡萄枝，并且给土壤钻孔，使养分随深孔渗入；不厌其烦地保持环境的卫生，因为必须认识到风景别致的老式酿酒厂里存在着可怕的微生物，而它们是优质葡萄酒的天敌；还有就是采摘季节 24小时不停的密集型劳动。
Couture is a labor-intensive, loss-making business.
高级时装是一种劳动密集型、不赚钱的行业。
WHO: Mannequin CLAUDIA SCHIFFER and magician DAVID COPPERFIELD WHEN: September 1999, after a six-year engagement RELATIONSHIP's LEGAL HIGHLIGHT: In 1997 Copperfield filed a $30 million lawsuit against a French magazine that had suggested the union was a fraud FUTURE DATING PROSPECTS: She was spotted in Majorca with monied British art dealer Tim Jeffries; he was seen at Sean( " Puff Daddy ") Combs ' Labor Day party with a Chilean journalist said to be a Schiffer look-alike
姓名：时装模特克劳迪娅·希弗和魔术师大卫·科波菲尔时间：一九九九年九月，订婚六年之后恋爱关系中最引人注目的法律纠纷：一九九七年，科波菲尔起诉一家法国杂志，要求赔偿三千万美元。该杂志暗示魔术师与克劳迪娅的恋爱关系是一场骗局。可能的未来约会对象：在西班牙的马略卡岛，有人发现克劳迪娅和富有的英国艺术品交易商蒂姆·杰弗里斯在一起；而在肖恩·（老爹帕夫）科姆斯家的劳动节晚会上，有人看见科波菲尔与一位据说长得极像希弗的智利女记者出双入对。
He also labored on a monumental equestrian statue in honor of Lodovico's father, Francesco Sforza.
与此同时，他还开始为洛多维科的父亲弗朗切斯科·斯福尔扎雕刻一尊巨型骑马塑像。
In both kinds of society there is a well-marked division of labor.
在这两种动物群落内，都有着明确的分工。
Since Neolithic times, sculpture has been considered the prerogative of men, partly, perhaps, for purely physical reasons: it was erroneously assumed that women were not suited for the hard manual labor required in sculpting stone, carving wood, or working in metal.
自从新石器时代（Neolithic times）以来，雕塑一直被视作男人的特权，部分程度上或计是因为纯粹的生理原因：人们误以为女性不适于雕石、刻木、镂制金属所必需的繁重体力劳动。
President Bush wants Congress to ratify a free-trade agreement with Central American nations. Democrats say the plan weakens labor rights and would cost jobs in the United States.
美国总统布什要求国会批准中美洲国家自由贸易协议，可是民主党说，这个计划会削弱劳工权益，减少美国的就业机会。
Congressional Democrats, who oppose the agreement, say it fails to safeguard environmental and labor protections for lower wage workers in Central America.
反对这个计划的美国国会民主党人士说，这个协议不能保护环境和中美洲那些低工资劳工的权益。
"How many more American [U.S.] workers will lose their jobs to cheap foreign labor, before we understand that the current trade policy puts our standard of living in the U.S. in a race to the bottom?" Senator Dorgan said. "Why does the president oppose our efforts to shut down tax breaks now given to these corporations that move American [U.S.] jobs overseas?"
他说：“现有的贸易政策使我们的生活水平越来越低。在我们充份认识到这一点之前，还会有多少美国人会因为海外廉价劳工而失业？我们正在努力取消一些美国公司由于把美国的就业机会转移到国外而获得减税优惠。为什么布什总统要反对我们呢？
Democrats have enlisted a wide range of special interest groups to lobby against the proposal, including labor unions and retiree organizations.
民主党派已经鼓动很多特别利益团体游说反对这个提案，这些团体包括工会和退休人士组织。
Richard Trumka is secretary-treasurer of one of the nation's largest labor organizations, the AFL-CIO. He recently spoke out against the president's Social Security plan on the C-SPAN public affairs television network.
特拉姆卡是美国一个最大的劳工团体劳联产联的财政负责人。他最近在C-SPAN公共事务电视网的节目中表示反对布什总统的社安制度改革方案。
spsc-51182200
Drugs for inducing labor
引产药
spsc-80111503
Labor or union relations
工会
spsc-80111504
Labor training or development
劳动培训和开发
spsc-80111613
Temporary manual labor
临时体力员工
spsc-80121707
Labor disputes law services
劳动争议法
spsc-93141803
International labor standards services
国际劳动标准
spsc-93141804
International labor registration services
国际劳动注册
spsc-93141812
Labor inspection services
劳动检查
spsc-93141814
International labor services
国际劳动服务
spsc-94101801
Labor or general workers trade unions
劳动和一般工人工会
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
当今酒店发展迅速，技术的支持转化为服务、优秀人才对于酒店的重要性、以及企�
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
当今酒店发展迅速，技术的支持转化为服务、优秀人才对于酒店的重要性、以及企�
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
当今酒店发展迅速，技术的支持转化为服务、优秀人才对于酒店的重要性、以及企�
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
当今酒店发展迅速，技术的支持转化为服务、优秀人才对于酒店的重要性、以及企�
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
当今酒店发展迅速，技术的支持转化为服务、优秀人才对于酒店的重要性、以及企�
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
当今酒店发展迅速，技术的支持转化为服务、优秀人才对于酒店的重要性、以及企�
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
当今酒店发展迅速，技术的支持转化为服务、优秀人才对于酒店的重要性、以及企�
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
当今酒店发展迅速，技术的支持转化为服务、优秀人才对于酒店的重要性、以及企�
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
当今酒店发展迅速，技术的支持转化为服务、优秀人才对于酒店的重要性、以及企�
the speedy execution of the project requires the ready supply of all materials,equipment,and labor when needed
制造费用 Manufacturing overhead
-
材料费 Materials
管理人员工资 Executive Salaries
奖金 Wages
退职金 Retirement allowance
补贴 Bonus
外保劳务费 Outsourcing fee
福利费 Employee benefits/welfare
会议费 Coferemce
加班餐费 Special duties
市内交通费 Business traveling
通讯费 Correspondence
电话费 Correspondence
水电取暖费 Water and Steam
税费 Taxes and dues
租赁费 Rent
管理费 Maintenance
车辆维护费 Vehicles maintenance
油料费 Vehicles maintenance
培训费 Education and training
接待费 Entertainment
图书、印刷费 Books and printing
运费 Transpotation
保险费 Insurance premium
支付手续费 Commission
杂费 Sundry charges
折旧费 Depreciation expense
机物料消耗 Article of consumption
劳动保护费 Labor protection fees
季节性停工损失 Loss on seasonality cessation
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