French [ frentʃ] a.法国的 n.法国人
French [frentʃ] n. 法语
French-type furniture 模式家具
French cabinet 法式桌椅弯脚
French door 玻璃门
Here it is, some French francs, Swiss francs, American dollars and a few Dutch guilders.
这些就是：一些法国法郎，瑞士法郎，美圆和一些荷兰盾。
Could you change these French francs for me?
能给我兑换这些法国法郎吗？
It's 200 French francs at today's selling rate.
今天的卖出价是200法国法郎。
take French leave 不辞而别
French cuisine 法国菜
French fires 炸薯条
French toast 法国土司
French roll 小型法式面包
[音]french horn 圆号，法国号
French leave 不告而别
French chalk 滑石粉
French dressing 一种由橄榄油，醋、盐，香料等制成的生菜调味品
French grey 浅灰色
French window 落地长窗
法语语言文学 French Language and Literature
I have only recently begun to learn French.
我最近才开始学法语。
She is prejudiced against (= has a prejudice) French wine because she is Italian.
她对法国酒存有偏见, 因为她是意大利人。
He has a good command of the French language.
他精通法语。
There were many French exiles in England after the war.
战后有许多法国人被迫移居英国。
This book deals with questions concerning the French Revolution.
这本书论及有关法国大革命的一些问题。
This painting is a classic example of the French Impressionist style.
这幅画是法国印象派的经典之作。
Hi, Lucy. I'll take French and Economics.
你好，露西，我想选法语和经济。
“The biggest construction project of this century”, explained French President Francois Mitterand in January, 1986 as he and then British prime minister Margaret Thatcher jointly announced that the two countries would finally overcome ancient quarrels and prejudices and forge a link across the narrow Channel separating them.
1986年1月，法国总统弗兰西斯· 密特朗解释说：“这是本世纪最大的建设项目。”当时，他和英国首相玛格丽特·撒切尔一起宣布两国将克服一直以来的争论和偏见，铺设一条横穿分隔两国的狭长海峡的地下隧道。
He is French by birth.
他的父母是法国人。
Do you like French films?
你喜欢法国影片吗？
This student is good at French.
这个学生法语好。
He speaks not only English but also French.
他不但会说英语，而且还会说法语。
I want to know how to put this in French.
我想知道如何用法语来表达这件事。
I can read French but I can't speak it.
我能看懂法文但不会说。
I've only recently started learning French.
我是最近才开始学法语的。
He took French leave.
他不辞而别。
Have you ever-studied French?
你学过法文吗？
A My hobby is learning foreign languages.
A 我的爱好是学习外语。
B That’s a good hobby – and a useful one too.
B 这是不错的爱好——而且非常有用。
A Yes, I want to travel to Europe next year and I want to be able to speak different languages.
A 是的， 我想明年到欧洲去旅游。我想能够说不同的语言。
B What languages are you learning now?
B 你现在在学哪种语言？
A Well, for me, English is the most important. But I’m also studying French. I practise every week.
A 哦，对我来说，英语是最重要的。但是我也在学习法语。我每周都练习。
B I’d like to learn Spanish. At least, I’d like to speak a little, and visit Spain someday.
B 我想学习西班牙语。至少，我想说一点西班牙语，然后去西班牙玩。
A Beijing’s packed with tourists now.
A 北京现在到处都是旅游的人。
B Yes, I guess it’s a really popular destination nowadays.
B 是的，我想现在它是一个非常受人欢迎的目的地。
A Look at this – the hotel is full of tourists.
A 看这——这家旅馆全是游客。
B What language are they speaking? I can’t understand what they’re speaking.
B 他们在讲什么语言？我不明白他们在说什么。
A I’m not sure. It might be French or Spanish. I’m not really sure.
A 我不知道。可能是法语或者西班牙语。我不十分肯定。
B I think they’re all European, from France and Spain, maybe Italy and Germany too.
B 我想他们是欧洲人，从法国和西班牙来，也可能是从意大利或者德国来。
A My daughter would love to be a volunteer at the Olympics.
A 我女儿想当一名奥运会志愿者。
B Can she speak Chinese?
B 她会说汉语吗？
A Yes, a bit. She’s not perfect, but she can speak basic Chinese.
A 是的，会一点。她说得不是非常好，但是她能说一些基本的话。
B Well, she should apply. They need thousands of volunteers.
B 哦，那她可以申请。他们需要数千名志愿者。
A She knows Beijing well and she also speaks French and a little Spanish.
A 她对北京很了解，而且她还能说法语和一点西班牙语。
B Well, they need volunteers of all nationalities and people who can speak different languages, so she should apply.
B 哦，他们需要来自各国的志愿者，能讲多种语言的志愿者，所以她应该申请。
When you talk about someone’s language skills, you can say various things, eg: She can speak basic Chinese / She can speak basic Chinese: She speaks French and a little Spanish / She speaks French and a little Spanish.
当你谈论某人的语言技能时，你可以说不同的方面。例如：She can speak basic Chinese /她能讲一些基本的汉语。She speaks French and a little Spanish /她讲法语和一点西班牙语。
They’re Australian. They’re speaking English.
他们是澳大利亚人。他们说得是英语。
They are Koreans, from Seoul.
他们是韩国人，从汉城 来。
They’re Dutch, from Holland.
他们是荷兰人，从荷兰来。
They’re from France, They’re speaking French.
他们是法国人，他们说法语。
A Where shall we eat tonight? There’s so much to choose from.
A 咱们今晚去哪里吃饭？这里有太多选择了。
B Italian or French? I know some good Italian and French restaurants.
B 意大利还是法国风味？我知道一些很好的意大利和法式餐厅。
B No, I prefer Asian. I’m just not sure which.
B 不，我比较喜欢亚洲风味。但是我就是不知道选哪种。
A Well, there’s lots of Chinese cuisine – Beijing, Sechuan, Cantonese. How about Thai food?
A 嗯，这里有很多中国风味－北京，四川，粤式。或者泰国风味？
Few things are impossible in themselves; and it is often for want of will, rather than of means, that man fails to succeed.
La Rocheforcauld, French writer
事情很少有根本做不成的；其所以做不成，与其说是条件不够，不如说是由于决心不够。
法国作家罗切福考尔德，L.
Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet.
Jean Jacques Rousseau,French thinker
忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。
法国思想家卢梭.J.J
The man who has made up his mind to win will never say "impossible".
Bonapart Naploeon, French emperor
凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能的”。
法国皇帝拿破仑.B.
Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
Alexandre Dumas(Davy de La Pailleterie).French writer
生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。
法国作家大仲马.A.
But has the last word been said? Is all hope to be lost? Is the defeat final? No!
Charles De Gaulle. French Puesident
但是难道败局已定，胜利已经无望？不，不能这样说！
法国总统戴高乐，C.
I succeeded because I willed it; I never hesitated.
Bonapart Napoleon, French emperor
我成功是因为我有决心，从不踌躇。
法国皇帝拿破仑.B.
Success often depends upon knowing how long it will take to succeed.
Charles Montesquier, French thinker
成功常常取决于知道需要多久才能成功。
法国思想家孟德斯鸠.C.
There are two ways of rising in the world, either by your own industry or by the folly of others.
Jean De La Bruyere, French moralist
成功之路有两条：靠自己的努力或靠他人的愚蠢。
法国道德家拉布吕耶尔. J.D.
There is only one success-----to be able to spend your life in your own way.
Morley Christopher, French writer
成功只有一个——既能依自己的方式去度过人生。
法国作家克里斯多夫.M.
To conquer we need to dare, to dare again, ever to dare!
George Jacques Danton, French revolutionist
为了胜利，我们需要勇敢，更勇敢！永远勇敢冲杀！
法国革命家丹东.G.J.
Will, work and wait are the pyramidal cornerstones for success.
Louis Pasteur, French chemist
意志、工作和等待是成功的金字塔的基石。
法国化学家巴斯德。L.
All the splendor in the world is not worth a good friend.
Voltaire, French thinker
人世间所有的荣华富贵不如一个好朋友。
法国思想家伏尔泰
I finally know what distinguishes man from the other beasts:financial worries.
Jules Renard, French playwright
我终于明白人与野兽的区别在于：人为钱而担忧。
法国剧作家勒纳尔.J.
The only thing wealth does for some people is to make them worry about losing them.
A. R .Ricvarol, French writer
财富对有些人只做了一件事：使他们担心会失去财富。
法国作家里瓦罗尔.A.R.
Happiness lies in the consciousness we have of it.
George Sand, French woman writer
幸福在于自知拥有幸福。
法国女作家乔治?桑
Nothing is more fatal to happiness than the remembrance of happiness.
Gide Andre, French writer
没有什么比回忆幸福更令人痛苦的了。
法国作家安德烈.G.
The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved.
Vitor Hugo, French novelist
痛苦的秘密在于有闲功夫担心自己是否幸福。
英国剧作家肖伯纳.G.
The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved.
Vitor Hugo, French novelist
生活中最大的幸福是坚信有人爱我们。
法国小说家雨果.V.
There is no paradise on earth equal to the union of love and innocence.
Jean Jecques Rousseau.French thinker
人间最大的幸福莫如既有爱情又清白无暇。
法国思想家卢梭.J.J
There is only one happiness in life, to love and be loved.
George Sand. French woman writer
生活中唯一的幸福就是：爱和被爱。
法国女作家乔治?桑
To really understand a man we must judge him in misforrune.
Bonapart Napoleon, French emperor
要真正了解一个人，需在不幸中考察他。
法国皇帝拿破仑，B.
Experience proves that most time is wasted, not in hours, but in minutes. A bucket with a small hole in the bottom gets just as empty as a bucket that is deliberately kicked over.
Paul Meyer, French linguist
经验证明，大部分时间都是被一分钟一分钟地而不是一小时一小时地浪费掉的。一只底部有个小洞的桶和一只故意踢翻的桶同样会流空。
法国语言学家梅耶.P.
Make use of time if you love eternity, yesterday cannot be recalled; tomorrow cannot be assured ;only today is yours, which if you procrastinate, you lose, and which lost is lost forever, One today is worth two tomorrow.
Anatole France, French novelist and critic
如果你爱永恒，就该很好地利用时间。昔日不再来；明天难保证；把握住今天，稍耽误它也会逝去；失去的将不再复返。一个今天抵得上两个明天。
法国小说家、文艺评论家法朗士.A.
Time cures sorrows and squabbles because we all change, and are no longer the same persons. Neither the offender nor the offended is the same.
Blaise Pascal, French mathematician and philosopher
时间可以去除忧虑和争吵，因为我们大家都在改变，不再与从前一样。触犯者和被触犯者都已经不是从前的那个人了。
法国数学家、哲学家帕斯卡尔.B.
A man is either free or he is not. There cannot be any apprenticeship for freedom.
I Baraka. French Writer
人要么是自由的，要么是不自由的，从来就不存在过渡阶段。
法国作家巴拉卡A.
The only man who is really free is the one who can turn down an invitation to dinner without giving any excuse .
唯一真正自由的人是能够拒绝宴会的邀请，而不用找借口的人。
Jules Renard. French playwriter and novelist
法国剧作家、小说家勒纳尔.J.
There is in liberty as in innocence and virtue a satisfaction one can only feel in their enjoyment and a pleasure which can cease only when lost.
自由同清白与美德一样，只有在你享用它时，才感到满足，一旦失去它们，你就会感到欢乐停止了。
Rousseau,French thinker
法国思想家卢梭
Everything considered, work is less boring than amusing oneself.
Baudelaire Charles, French poet
不管怎样，娱乐比工作更令人乏味。
法国诗人查尔斯.B.
I like the laughter that opens the lips and the heart, that shows at the same time pearls and the soul.
Victor Hugo, French writer
我喜欢能不开启双唇和心扉的笑声，喜欢能展示皓齿和灵魂的笑声。
法国作家雨果.V.
Joys are our wings, sorrows are our spurs.
Jean paul Richter,French writer
欢乐是人们的双翼，哀愁是人们发愤的动力。
法国作家里克特.J.P
Labor is often the father of pleasure.
French Philosopher and historian
劳动常常是快乐之父。
法国哲学家、历史学家伏尔泰
Rest is a good thing, but boredom is its brother.
Voltaire, French philosopher
休息是件好事情，无聊却是其兄弟。
法国哲学家伏尔泰
I sometimes wonder whether the greater rule of all is --- to know how to please.
Moliere, J.B. French writer
有时候，我真的纳闷，莫非一切行为规范中最重要的一条就是学会怎样取悦于人吗
法国作家莫里哀.J.B.
The fame of great men ought to be judged always by the means they used to acquirde it.
La Rochefoucauld, French writer
伟人的声誉永远应以他们如何得到它来衡量
法国作家拉罗什富科
Fame is the chastisement of meit and the punishment of talent.
Nicolas Chamfort, French writer
盛名殊誉是德才之忌。
法国作家尚福尔.N.
Morality may consist solely in the courage of making a choice.
Leon Nlum, French statesman
道德可能仅仅在于有勇气作出抉择。
法国政治家布鲁姆.L.
All for one, one for all.
Alexandre Dumas (Davy de La Pailleterie). French writer
人人为我，我为人人。
法国作家大仲马.A.
Better a frank denial than unwillig compliance.
V Hugo, French writer
勉强应允不如坦诚拒绝。
法国作家雨果.V.
Birth is nothing where virtue is not.
Moliere, French dramatist
品德不好，出生再好也无用。
法国剧作家莫里哀
The principal thing in this world is to keep one's soul aloft.
Flaubert, French writer
人生在世首要大事是保持灵魂的高尚。
法国作家福楼拜
Reading good books is like having a conversation with the hihgly worthy persons of the past who wrote them; indeed, it is like having a prepared conversation in which those persons disclose to us only their thinking.
Renes Descartes, French Philosopher and mathematician
读好书，好像是在同昔日那些极其令人敬重的著书者们交谈；的确，那很像是在享受一篇经过准备的谈话，作者们在那种谈话之中，只向我们吐露他们的见解。
法国哲学家、数学家笛卡尔.R.
Work banishes those three great evils: boredom, vice ,and poverty.
Voltaire, French Philosopher
工作撵跑三个魔鬼：无聊，堕落和贫穷。
法国哲学家伏尔泰
Two persons cannot long be friends if they cannot forgive each other's little failings.
Jean de La Bruyere, French moralist
如果两个人对于彼此的小缺点不能相互原谅，他们的友谊便不能持久。
法国道德家拉布吕耶尔.J.D.
Absence to love is what wind is to fire .lt extinguishes the small; it inflames the great.
Roger de Bussy-Rabutin, French writer
离别之于爱情好比风之于火，它能将小火熄灭，使大火熊熊燃烧。
法国作家比西-拉比旦.R.
Mariage may be compared to a cage:the birds outside deapair to get in and those within despair to get out.
Michel de Montaigne, French thinker and ssayist
婚姻好比鸟笼，外面的鸟想进进不去；里面的鸟儿想出出不来。
法国思想家、散文家蒙田.M.D.
A powerful idea commissions some of its strength to him who challenges it.
Marcle Proust, French writer
权威的思想将它的某些力量赋予敢于向它挑战的人。
法国作家普鲁斯特.M.
Since a politician never believes what he says ,he is surprised when others believe him.
Charles de Gaulle, French president
政客从来不相信自己说的话，所以，当别人相信他的话时，他必定会大吃一惊。
法国总统戴高乐.C.
If God did not exist , it would be necessary to invent Him.
Voltaire, French Philosopher
如果上帝并不存在，也有必要把他创造出来。
法国哲学家伏尔泰
He who fears being conquered is sure of defeat.
Bonaparte Napoleon, French enperor
怕吃败仗的人必然要打败仗。
法国皇帝拿破仑.B.
There is a moment in every battle at which the least maneuver is decisive and gives superiority as one drop of water causes overflow.
Bonaparle Napoleon French emperor
在每一场战争之中，都有那么一刻，运用一点策略就是决定性的并带来优势，正像加一滴水就可以促成溢流一般。
法国皇帝拿破仑B
War is much too important to be left to the military.
George Cleenceall French statesan
战争太重要了，不能由军人决定。
法国政治家克列孟核.G
Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother.
Charles Bernard, French philosopher
经验是智慧之父，记忆是知识之母。
法国哲学家贝尔纳.c.
We have all sufficient strength to endure the misfortunes of others. La Rochefoucauld, French writer
我们都有足够的力量来忍受别人的不幸。
法国作家拉罗什富科
A man who fears suffering is already suffering from what he fears.Michel Eyquem Montaigne, French essayist
害怕痛苦的人已经在承受他所害怕的痛苦了。
法国散文家蒙田M E
Happiness is beneficial for the body , but it is grief that develops the powers of the mind.
Marcel Proust, French writer
愉快有益于人的身体，但只有悲伤才能培养心灵力量。
法国作家普鲁斯M
One must mourn not the death of men but their birth.
Charles Scondat Montesquieu, French thinker and Philosopher
人所悲伤的并不是人类的死亡而是他们的诞生。
法国思想家、哲学家孟德斯鸠
Tears are the silent language of grief.
Voltaire, French philosopher
眼泪是无声的、悲伤的语言。
法国哲学家伏尔泰
The most glorious moment in your life are not the socalled days of success, but rather those days when out of dejection and despair you feel rise in you a challenge to life, and the promise of future accomplishment.
Gustave Flaubert, French writer
的一生中，最为辉煌的一天并不是功成名就的那些天，而是从悲叹与绝望中产生对人生的挑战和对未来辉煌的期盼的那些日子。法国作家福楼拜G
A fool always finds a bigger fool to admire him.
Boileau Nicolas, French poet and critic
傻瓜总会发现有比他更傻的人在赞美他。
法国诗人、批评家尼古拉斯
Prejudice is the reason of fools .
Voltaire, French Philosopher
偏见是蠢人的推论。
法国哲学家伏尔泰
Business?That's very simple---- it's other people's money.
Alexandre Dumas, French novelist
做生意吗？那太简单了——叫别人掏钱包。
法国小说家小仲马A
One of the most striking and salutary thing in Ameican life is the widespread study of law.
Alexis de Tocqueville ,French judge
美国人生活中最显著而又有益的事情莫过于对法律的广泛研究了。
法国法官托克维尔A
We should put aside and postpone all other reforms; that we have but one task-----the istruction of the people, the diffusion of education, the ecourgement of science----on that day a great step will have then been taken in our rgenerion.
Leon Gambetta, French educator
我们应该把一切改革先放下。我们只有一项任务，就是教育人民，普及知识、倡导科学。这一天到来之时，便是我们振国兴邦之日。
法国教育爱甘必大L
A poet is a man who puts up a ladder to a star and climbs it while playing a violin.
E.de Goncourt, French writer
诗人是这样的人，他架起通向星星的梯子——一边爬梯子一边拉提琴。
法国作家龚古尔E
Good painting is like good cooking; it ca n be tasted, but not explained.
Maurice de vlaminck , French painter
简单地说，伟大的文学就是包涵极其丰富意义的语言。
美国诗人庞德E
I am about to --or I am going to --die:either expression is correct.
Dominique Bouhours, French grammarian.
我将或者我即将--死去：两种表达方式都正确。
法国语法学家伯阿沃斯D.
I see black light.
Victor Hugo, French writer
我看见了黑色的灯。
法国作家雨果V
This time it will be a long one.
Georges Clemenceau, French premier
这次，时间会很长。
法国总理克里孟梭G
take French leave 不辞而别
"You say you're looking for the French Bakery? Just walk two blocks north, turn left, and you can smell that wonderful smell of fresh bread baking: just follow your nose and it will bring you right to the front door.”
“你是说你在找那个法国面包店吗？往北走过两条街，然后向左转，你就会闻到那烤面包的香味。随着香味走就会把你带到那面包店的门口了。”
Talking about food, I have two favorites: one is Chinese food, the other is French food.
谈到食品，我有两个爱好，一是中国食品，另一个就是法国食品。
Countries 国家 Nationalities:国籍
China / 中国 Chinese / 中国人
America / 美国 American /美国人
Britain / 英国 British / 英国人
Canada /加拿大 Canadian / 加拿大人
Australia / 澳大利亚 Australian / 澳大利亚人
Germany / 德国 German / 德国人
France / 法国 French / 法国人
Spain / 西班牙 Spanish / 西班牙人
Italy / 意大利 Italian / 意大利人
Korea / 韩国 Korean /韩国人
Japan / 日本 Japanese / 日本人
A: Hello. Nice to meet you. Where are you from?
A: 你好！很高兴认识你。你从哪里来？
B: We’re from Paris. We’re French.
B: 我们从巴黎来。我们是法国人。
C: And we’re from Sydney. We’re Australian.
C: 我们从悉尼来。我们是澳大利亚人。
A: Welcome to Beijing! I hope you enjoy your visit.
A: 欢迎来北京！祝你旅行愉快！
阿丽亚娜 [ā lì yà nà] /Ariane (French space rocket)/
法国 [fǎ guó] /France/French/
法国人 [fǎ guó rén] /Frenchman/French person/
法属圭亚那 [fǎ shǔ guī yà nà] /French Guiana/
法文 [fǎ wén] /French (language)/
法语 [fǎ yǔ] /French (language)/
傅里叶 [fù lǐ yè] /Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Fourier (French mathematician, 1768-1830)/
傅立叶 [fù lì yè] /Francois-Maire Charles Fourier (French sociologist and socialist, 1772-1837)/
拉法兰 [lā fǎ lán] /Raffarin (surname of the French prime minister of Jacques Chirac)/
协和 [xié hé] /mediate/harmonize/(mus.) consonant/cooperation/Concorde (the Anglo-French aircraft)/
亚利安娜 [yà lì ān nà] /Ariane (French space rocket)/
When the United States built its industrials infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so.
And that is why America's Second Wave infrastructure — including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on — were built with foreign investment.
当初美国建设自己的工业基础设施时，缺乏必要的资金，因此美国的第二次浪潮基础设施——包括公路、港口，高速公路、港口城市等等——都是用国外资金建造的。
The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain's former colony.
英国人、德国人、荷兰人和法国人都在前英国殖民地投资。
They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them.
他们提供资金，美洲移民建造。
Guess who owns them now? The Americans.
想想看，现在谁拥有这一切？美国人。
{adj: Capetian} of or relating to the French dynasty founded by Hugh Capet
{adj: Creole} of or relating to or characteristic of native-born persons of French descent in Louisiana
"Creole cooking"
{adj: French, Gallic} of or pertaining to France or the people of France
"French cooking"
"a Gallic shrug"
{adj: French-speaking} able to communicate in French
{adj: Jacobinic, Jacobinical} of or relating to the Jacobins of the French Revolution
"Jacobinic terrorism"
{adj: Quebecois} of or relating to Quebec (especially to the French speaking inhabitants or their culture)
{adj: Rousseauan} of or pertaining to or characteristic of French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
{adj: alien, foreign} not contained in or deriving from the essential nature of something
"an economic theory alien to the spirit of capitalism"
"the mysticism so foreign to the French mind and temper"
"jealousy is foreign to her nature"
{adj: antique} made in or typical of earlier times and valued for its age
"the beautiful antique French furniture"
{adj: assiduous, sedulous} marked by care and persistent effort
"her assiduous attempts to learn French"
"assiduous research"
"sedulous pursuit of legal and moral principles"
{adj: expeditionary} (used of military forces) designed for military operations abroad
"the French expeditionary force in Indochina"
{adj: faultless, immaculate, impeccable} without fault or error
"faultless logic"
"speaks impeccable French"
"timing and technique were immaculate"
"an immaculate record"
{adj: healthy, intelligent, levelheaded, level-headed, sound} exercising or showing good judgment
"healthy scepticism"
"a healthy fear of rattlesnakes"
"the healthy attitude of French laws"
"healthy relations between labor and management"
"an intelligent solution"
"a sound approach to the problem"
"sound advice"
"no sound explanation for his decision"
{adj: indifferent, so-so} being neither good nor bad
"an indifferent performance"
"a gifted painter but an indifferent actor"
"her work at the office is passable"
"a so-so golfer"
"feeling only so-so"
"prepared a tolerable dinner"
"a tolerable working knowledge of French"
{adj: innocent, unacquainted} not knowledgeable about something specified
"American tourists wholly innocent of French"
"a person unacquainted with our customs"
{adj: long} of relatively great height
"a race of long gaunt men"- Sherwood Anderson
"looked out the long French windows"
{adj: original} not derived or copied or translated from something else
"the play is original; not an adaptation"
"he kept the original copy and gave her only a xerox"
"the translation misses much of the subtlety of the original French"
{adj: silent, unsounded} not made to sound
"the silent `h' at the beginning of `honor'"
"in French certain letters are often unsounded"
{adv: after a fashion} to some extent; not very well
"he speaks French after a fashion"
{adv: dismally, drearily} in a cheerless manner
"in August 1914 , there was a dismally sentimental little dinner, when the French, German, Austrian and Belgian members of the committee drank together to the peace of the future"
{adv: enviably} in an enviable manner
"she was enviably fluent in French"
{adv: fluently} in a fluent manner
"she speaks French fluently"
{adv: not, non} negation of a word or group of words
"he does not speak French"
"she is not going"
"they are not friends"
"not many"
"not much"
"not at all"
{adv: peculiarly, particularly} uniquely or characteristically
"these peculiarly cinematic elements"
"a peculiarly French phenomenon"
"everyone has a moment in history which belongs particularly to him"- John Knowles
{adv: securely} in an invulnerable manner
"the agreed line was to involve at several points the withdrawal of French troops from positions which they had quite securely held"
{adv: subtly} in a subtle manner
"late nineteenth-century French opera at its most beautiful, subtly romantic with a twilight melancholy"
{n: Abelard, Peter Abelard, Pierre Abelard} French philosopher and theologian; lover of Heloise (1079-1142)
{n: Acadian} an early French settler in the Maritimes
{n: Acadia} the French-speaking part of the Canadian Maritime Provinces
{n: Agincourt} a battle in northern France in which English longbowmen under Henry V decisively defeated a much larger French army in 1415
{n: Anglo-French, Anglo-Norman} the French (Norman) language used in medieval England
{n: Anouilh, Jean Anouilh} French dramatist noted for his reinterpretations of Greek myths (1910-1987)
{n: Apollinaire, Guillaume Apollinaire, Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitzki} French poet; precursor of surrealism (1880-1918)
{n: Aragon, Louis Aragon} French writer who generalized surrealism to literature (1897-1982)
{n: Austerlitz, battle of Austerlitz} a decisive battle during the Napoleonic campaigns (1805); the French under Napoleon defeated the Russian armies of Czar Alexander I and the Austrian armies of Emperor Francis II
{n: Babar} an imaginary elephant that appears in a series of French books for children
{n: Balzac, Honore Balzac, Honore de Balzac} French novelist; he portrays the complexity of 19th century French society (1799-1850)
{n: Bartholdi, Frederic Auguste Bartholdi} French sculptor best known for creating the Statue of Liberty now in New York harbor
{n: Bastille} a fortress built in Paris in the 14th century and used as a prison in the 17th and 18th centuries; it was destroyed July 14, 1789 at the start of the French Revolution
{n: Battle of Puebla} a battle in which Mexican forces defeated the French in 1862
{n: Baudelaire, Charles Baudelaire, Charles Pierre Baudelaire} a French poet noted for macabre imagery and evocative language (1821-1867)
{n: Bayard, Seigneur de Bayard, Chevalier de Bayard, Pierre Terrail, Pierre de Terrail} French soldier said to be fearless and chivalrous (1473-1524)
{n: Beauvoir, Simone de Beauvoir} French feminist and existentialist and novelist (1908-1986)
{n: Becquerel, Henri Becquerel, Antoine Henri Becquerel} French physicist who discovered that rays emitted by uranium salts affect photographic plates (1852-1908)
{n: Belgian endive, French endive, witloof} young broad-leaved endive plant deprived of light to form a narrow whitish head
{n: Benin, Republic of Benin, Dahomey} a country on western coast of Africa; formerly under French control
{n: Bergson, Henri Bergson, Henri Louis Bergson} French philosopher who proposed elan vital as the cause of evolution and development (1859-1941)
{n: Berlioz, Hector Berlioz, Louis-Hector Berlioz} French composer of romantic works (1803-1869)
{n: Bernard, Claude Bernard} French physiologist noted for research on secretions of the alimentary canal and the glycogenic function of the liver (1813-1878)
{n: Bernhardt, Sarah Bernhardt, Henriette Rosine Bernard} French actress (1844-1923)
{n: Bertillon, Alphonse Bertillon} French criminologist (1853-1914)
{n: Binet, Alfred Binet} French psychologist remembered for his studies of the intellectual development of children (1857-1911)
{n: Bizet, Georges Bizet} French composer best known for his operas (1838-1875)
{n: Blenheim} the First Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy defeated the French in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession
{n: Bleriot, Louis Bleriot} French aviator who in 1909 made the first flight across the English Channel (1872-1936)
{n: Bougainville, Louis Antoine de Bougainville} French explorer who circumnavigated the globe accompanied by scientists (1729-1811)
{n: Boulez, Pierre Boulez} French composer of serial music (born in 1925)
{n: Bouvines} in 1214 the French under Philip Augustus defeated a coalition formed against him in one of the greatest battles of the middle ages
{n: Braille, Louis Braille} French educator who lost his sight at the age of three and who invented a system of writing and printing for sightless people (1809-1852)
{n: Braque, Georges Braque} French painter who led the cubist movement (1882-1963)
{n: Brittany spaniel} tall active short-tailed French breed of bird dog having a usually smooth orange- or liver-and-white coat
{n: Broca, Pierre-Paul Broca} French anthropologist who studied the craniums and brains of different races of people; remembered for his discovery that articulate speech depends on an area of the brain now known as Broca's area (1824-1880)
{n: Broglie, de Broglie, Louis Victor de Broglie} French nuclear physicist who generalized the wave-particle duality by proposing that particles of matter exhibit wavelike properties (1892-1987)
{n: Bruno, Saint Bruno, St. Bruno} (Roman Catholic Church) a French cleric (born in Germany) who founded the Carthusian order in 1084 (1032-1101)
{n: Budge, Don Budge, John Donald Budge} United States tennis player who in 1938 was the first to win the Australian and French and English and United States singles championship in the same year (1915-2000)
{n: Burkina Faso, Upper Volta} a desperately poor landlocked country in western Africa; was formerly Upper Volta under French rule but gained independence in 1960
{n: Calais} a town in northern France on the Strait of Dover that serves as a ferry port to England; in 1347 it was captured by the English king Edward III after a long siege and remained in English hands until it was recaptured by the French king Henry II in 1558
{n: Calvinistic Baptist, Particular Baptist} group of Baptist congregations believing the teachings of the French theologian John Calvin who believed in strict predetermination
{n: Cambodia, Kingdom of Cambodia, Kampuchea} a nation in southeastern Asia; was part of Indochina under French rule until 1946
{n: Camembert} rich soft creamy French cheese
{n: Cameroon, Republic of Cameroon, Cameroun} a republic on the western coast of central Africa; was under French and British control until 1960
{n: Camus, Albert Camus} French writer who portrayed the human condition as isolated in an absurd world (1913-1960)
{n: Canada} a nation in northern North America; the French were the first Europeans to settle in mainland Canada
"the border between the United States and Canada is the longest unguarded border in the world"
{n: Canadian French} the French language as spoken in Quebec, Canada
{n: Cannes} a port and resort city on the French Riviera; site of an annual film festival
{n: Canuck} US slang for Canadians in general and French Canadians in particular
{n: Cape Trafalgar} a small cape in southwestern Spain
"Nelson defeated the French and Spanish fleets off Cape Trafalgar in 1805"
{n: Carlyle, Thomas Carlyle} Scottish historian who wrote about the French Revolution (1795-1881)
{n: Carnot, Sadi Carnot, Nicolas Leonard Sadi Carnot} French physicist who founded thermodynamics (1796-1832)
{n: Carrel, Alexis Carrel} French surgeon and biologist who developed a way to suture and graft blood vessels (1873-1944)
{n: Cartier, Jacques Cartier} French explorer who explored the St. Lawrence river and laid claim to the region for France (1491-1557)
{n: Central African Republic, Central Africa} a landlocked country in central Africa; formerly under French control; became independent in 1960
{n: Cezanne, Paul Cezanne} French Post-impressionist painter who influenced modern art (especially cubism) by stressing the structural components latent in nature (1839-1906)
{n: Chad, Republic of Chad, Tchad} a landlocked desert republic in north-central Africa; was under French control until 1960
{n: Chagall, Marc Chagall} French painter (born in Russia) noted for his imagery and brilliant colors (1887-1985)
{n: Champlain, Samuel de Champlain} French explorer in Nova Scotia who established a settlement on the site of modern Quebec (1567-1635)
{n: Charcot, Jean Martin Charcot} French neurologist who tried to use hypnotism to cure hysteria (1825-1893)
{n: Charles, Charles VII} King of France who began his reign with most of northern France under English control; after the intervention of Jeanne d'Arc the French were able to defeat the English and end the Hundred Years' War (1403-1461)
{n: Charles, Jacques Charles, Jacques Alexandre Cesar Charles} French physicist and author of Charles's law which anticipated Gay-Lussac's law (1746-1823)
{n: Chateaubriand, Francois Rene Chateaubriand, Vicomte de Chateaubriand} French statesman and writer; considered a precursor of the romantic movement in France (1768-1848)
{n: Chevalier, Maurice Chevalier} French actor and cabaret singer (1888-1972)
{n: Chinook Jargon, Oregon Jargon} a pidgin incorporating Chinook and French and English words; formerly used as a lingua franca in northwestern North America
{n: Chopin, Frederic Francois Chopin} French composer (born in Poland) and pianist of the romantic school (1810-1849)
{n: Cinco de Mayo} the fifth of May which is observed in Mexico and Mexican-American communities in the United States to commemorate the Mexican victory over the French in the Battle of Puebla in 1862
{n: Clemenceau, Georges Clemenceau, Georges Eugene Benjamin Clemenceau} French statesman who played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles (1841-1929)
{n: Cocteau, Jean Cocteau} French writer and film maker who worked in many artistic media (1889-1963)
{n: Colette, Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette, Sidonie-Gabrielle Claudine Colette} French writer of novels about women (1873-1954)
{n: Comte, Auguste Comte, Isidore Auguste Marie Francois Comte} French philosopher remembered as the founder of positivism; he also established sociology as a systematic field of study
{n: Condorcet, Marquis de Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas Caritat} French mathematician and philosopher (1743-1794)
{n: Congo, Republic of the Congo, French Congo} a republic in west-central Africa; achieved independence from France in 1960
{n: Connolly, Maureen Catherine Connolly, Little Mo Connolly} United States tennis player who was the first woman to win the United States, British, French, and Australian championships in the same year (1953) (1934-1969)
{n: Corday, Charlotte Corday, Marie Anne Charlotte Corday d'Armont} French revolutionary heroine (a Girondist) who assassinated Marat (1768-1793)
{n: Corneille, Pierre Corneille} French tragic dramatist whose plays treat grand moral themes in elegant verse (1606-1684)
{n: Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, First Marquess Cornwallis} commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence; was defeated by American and French troops at Yorktown (1738-1805)
{n: Corot, Jean Baptiste Camille Corot} French painter of Italian landscapes (1796-1875)
{n: Coulomb, Charles Augustin de Coulomb} French physicist famous for his discoveries in the field of electricity and magnetism; formulated Coulomb's Law (1736-1806)
{n: Couperin, Francois Couperin} French composer of music for organ and a member of a family of distinguished organists (1668-1733)
{n: Courbet, Gustave Courbet} French painter noted for his realistic depiction of everyday scenes (1819-1877)
{n: Cousteau, Jacques Costeau, Jacques Yves Costeau} French underwater explorer (born in 1910)
{n: Crecy, battle of Crecy} the first decisive battle of the Hundred Years' War; in 1346 the English under Edward III defeated the French under Philip of Valois
{n: Creole} a person descended from French ancestors in southern United States (especially Louisiana)
{n: Croix de Guerre} a French military decoration for gallantry
{n: Curie, Marie Curie, Madame Curie, Marya Sklodowska} French chemist (born in Poland) who won two Nobel prizes; one (with her husband and Henri Becquerel) for research on radioactivity and another for her discovery of radium and polonium (1867-1934)
{n: Curie, Pierre Curie} French physicist; husband of Marie Curie (1859-1906)
{n: Cuvier, Georges Cuvier, Baron Georges Cuvier, Georges Leopold Chretien Frederic Dagobert Cuvier} French naturalist known as the father of comparative anatomy (1769-1832)
{n: Cyrano de Bergerac, Savinien Cyrano de Bergerac} a French soldier and dramatist remembered chiefly for fighting many duels (often over the size of his nose); was immortalized in 1897 in a play by Edmond Rostand (1619-1655)
{n: Daguerre, Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre} French inventor of the first practical photographic process, the daguerreotype (1789-1851)
{n: Danton, Georges Jacques Danton} French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794)
{n: Dardanelles, Dardanelles campaign} the unsuccessful campaign in World War I (1915) by the English and French to open a passage for aid to Russia; defeated by the Turks
{n: Daumier, Honore Daumier} French painter best known for his satirical lithographs of bourgeois society (1808-1879)
{n: David, Jacques Louis David} French neoclassical painter who actively supported the French Revolution (1748-1825)
{n: Debussy, Claude Debussey, Claude Achille Debussy} French composer who is said to have created Impressionism in music (1862-1918)
{n: Degas, Edgar Degas, Hilaire Germain Edgar Degas} French impressionist painter (1834-1917)
{n: Delacroix, Eugene Delacroix, Ferdinand Victor Eugene Delacroix} French romantic painter (1798-1863)
{n: Delibes, Leo Delibes, Clement Philibert Leo Delibes} French composer of operas (1836-1891)
{n: Delorme, Philibert Delorme, de l'Orme, Philibert de l'Orme} French royal architect who built the Tuileries Palace and Gardens in Paris for Catherine de Medicis (1515-1570)
{n: Depardieu, Gerard Depardieu} French film actor (born in 1948)
{n: Derain, Andre Derain} French painter and exponent of fauvism (1880-1954)
{n: Derrida, Jacques Derrida} French philosopher and critic (born in Algeria); exponent of deconstructionism (1930-2004)
{n: Descartes, Rene Descartes} French philosopher and mathematician; developed dualistic theory of mind and matter; introduced the use of coordinates to locate a point in two or three dimensions (1596-1650)
{n: Diane de Poitiers, Duchesse de Valentinois} French noblewoman who was the mistress of Henry II; she had more influence over him than did his wife Catherine de Medicis (1499-1566)
{n: Diderot, Denis Diderot} French philosopher who was a leading figure of the Enlightenment in France; principal editor of an encyclopedia that disseminated the scientific and philosophical knowledge of the time (1713-1784)
{n: Dien Bien Phu} the French military base fell after a siege by Vietnam troops that lasted 56 days; ended the involvement of France in Indochina in 1954
{n: Dior, Christian Dior} French couturier whose first collection in 1947 created a style that became known as the New Look (1905-1957)
{n: Djibouti, Republic of Djibouti, Afars and Issas} a country in northeastern Africa on the Somali peninsula; formerly under French control but became independent in 1997
{n: Dreyfus, Alfred Dreyfus} French army officer of Jewish descent whose false imprisonment for treason in 1894 raised issues of anti-Semitism that dominated French politics until his release in 1906 (1859-1935)
{n: Du Barry, Comtesse Du Barry, Marie Jeanne Becu} courtier and influential mistress of Louis XV who was guillotined during the French Revolution (1743-1793)
{n: Dubonnet} (trademark) a sweet aromatic French wine (red or white) used chiefly as an apertif
{n: Duchamp, Marcel Duchamp} French artist who immigrated to the United States; a leader in the dada movement in New York City; was first to exhibit commonplace objects as art (1887-1968)
{n: Dufy, Raoul Dufy} French painter noted for brightly colored scenes (1877-1953)
{n: Dukas, Paul Dukas} French composer (1865-1935)
{n: Dumas, Alexandre Dumas} French writer remembered for his swashbuckling historical tales (1802-1870)
{n: Durkheim, Emile Durkheim} French sociologist and first professor of sociology at the Sorbonne (1858-1917)
{n: Edward, Black Prince} son of Edward III who defeated the French at Crecy and Poitiers in the Hundred Years' War (1330-1376)
{n: Edward, Edward III} son of Edward II and King of England from 1327-1377; his claim to the French throne provoked the Hundred Years' War; his reign was marked by an epidemic of the Black Plague and by the emergence of the House of Commons as the powerful arm of British Parliament (1312-1377)
{n: Eiffel, Alexandre Gustave Eiffel} French engineer who constructed the Eiffel Tower (1832-1923)
{n: Exocet} a guided missile developed by the French government for use against ships
{n: Fallot, Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot} French physician who described cardiac anomalies including Fallot's tetralogy (1850-1911)
{n: Fauve, fauvist} a member of a group of French painters who followed fauvism
{n: Fermat, Pierre de Fermat} French mathematician who founded number theory; contributed (with Pascal) to the theory of probability (1601-1665)
{n: Flaubert, Gustave Flaubert} French writer of novels and short stories (1821-1880)
{n: Fontenoy, Battle of Fontenoy} a battle in 1745 in which the French army under Marshal Saxe defeated the English army and their allies under the duke of Cumberland
{n: Foucault, Jean Bernard Leon Foucault} French physicist who determined the speed of light and showed that it travels slower in water than in air; invented the Foucault pendulum and the gyroscope (1819-1868)
{n: Fourier, Charles Fourier, Francois Marie Charles Fourier} French sociologist and reformer who hoped to achieve universal harmony by reorganizing society (1772-1837)
{n: Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier, Baron Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier} French mathematician who developed Fourier analysis and studied the conduction of heat (1768-1830)
{n: Fox, Charles James Fox} English statesman who supported American independence and the French Revolution (1749-1806)
{n: Fragonard, Jean Honore Fragonard} French artist whose rococo paintings typified the frivolity of life in the royal court of France in the 18th century (1732-1806)
{n: France, Anatole France, Jacques Anatole Francois Thibault} French writer of sophisticated novels and short stories (1844-1924)
{n: France, French Republic} a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe
{n: Franck, Cesar Franck} French composer and teacher who influenced a generation of composers (1822-1890)
{n: Franco-American} an American who was born in France or whose ancestors were French
{n: Francophile, Francophil} an admirer of France and everything French
{n: Francophobe} a person who hates France and everything French
{n: Franklin, Benjamin Franklin} printer whose success as an author led him to take up politics; he helped draw up the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution; he played a major role in the American Revolution and negotiated French support for the colonists; as a scientist he is remembered particularly for his research in electricity (1706-1790)
{n: Free French, Fighting French} a French movement during World War II that was organized in London by Charles de Gaulle to fight for the liberation of France from German control and for the restoration of the republic
{n: French Academy} an honorary group of French writers and thinkers supported by the French government
"the French Academy sets standards for the use of the French language"
{n: French Canadian} a Canadian descended from early French settlers and whose native language is French
{n: French Foreign Legion} a former foreign legion in the French army that was used for military duties outside of France
{n: French Foreign Office, Quai d'Orsay} the French department in charge of foreign affairs; referred to familiarly by its address in Paris
{n: French Indochina} the French colonies of Cambodia and Laos and Vietnam were formerly organized as French Indochina
{n: French Polynesia, French Oceania} a French overseas possession in the South Pacific
{n: French Revolution} the revolution in France against the Bourbons; 1789-1799
{n: French Riviera, Cote d'Azur} the French part of the Riviera
{n: French West Indies} the islands in the Lesser Antilles that are administered by France
{n: French and Indian War} a war in North America between France and Britain (both aided by American Indian tribes); 1755-1760
{n: French blue, French ultramarine, French ultramarine blue} ultramarine pigment prepared artificially
{n: French bread} a crusty sourdough bread often baked in long slender tapered loaves or baguettes
{n: French bulldog} small stocky version of the bulldog having a sleek coat and square head
{n: French chalk} a soft white compact talc used to mark cloth or to remove grease stains
{n: French door} a light door with transparent or glazed panels extending the full length
{n: French dressing for fruit salad} made with lemon or grapefruit juice instead of vinegar
{n: French dressing, vinaigrette, sauce vinaigrette} oil and vinegar with mustard and garlic
{n: French franc} formerly the basic unit of money in France
{n: French fritter, beignet} a square, very rich drop friedcake dusted with confectioners' sugar
{n: French heel} a fairly high narrow heel on women's shoes
{n: French honeysuckle, sulla, Hedysarum coronarium} perennial of southern Europe cultivated for forage and for its nectar-rich pink flowers that make it an important honey crop
{n: French horn, horn} a brass musical instrument consisting of a conical tube that is coiled into a spiral and played by means of valves
{n: French knot} stitch made by looping the thread several times around the needle before inserting it into the fabric
{n: French lavender, Lavandula stoechas} shrubby greyish lavender of southwestern Europe having usually reddish-purple flowers
{n: French leave} an abrupt and unannounced departure (without saying farewell)
{n: French lesson} instruction in the French language
{n: French loaf} a loaf of French bread
{n: French marigold, Tagetes patula} strong-scented bushy annual with orange or yellow flower heads marked with red; Mexico and Guatemala
{n: French omelet} omelet cooked quickly and slid onto a plate
{n: French pastry} sweet filled pastry made of especially puff paste
{n: French polish, French polish shellac} a varnish for wood consisting of shellac dissolved in alcohol
{n: French polish} the glaze produced by repeated applications of French polish shellac
{n: French region} a geographical subdivision of France
{n: French roof} a mansard roof with sides that are nearly perpendicular
{n: French sorrel, garden sorrel, Rumex scutatus} low perennial with small silvery-green ovate to hastate leaves
{n: French sorrel} greens having small tart oval to pointed leaves; preferred to common sorrel for salads
{n: French teacher} someone who teaches French
{n: French toast} bread slice dipped in egg and milk and fried; topped with sugar or fruit or syrup
{n: French window} a French door situated in an exterior wall of a building
{n: French, Daniel Chester French} United States sculptor who created the seated marble figure of Abraham Lincoln in the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. (1850-1931)
{n: French, French people} the people of France
{n: Frenchman, Frenchwoman, French person} a person of French nationality
{n: French} the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France
{n: Fresnel, Augustin Jean Fresnel} French physicist who invented polarized light and invented the Fresnel lens (1788-1827)
{n: Gaboriau, Emile Gaboriau} French writer considered by some to be a founder of the detective novel (1832-1873)
{n: Gallicanism} a religious movement originating among the French Roman Catholic clergy that favored the restriction of papal control and the achievement by each nation of individual administrative autonomy of the church
{n: Gallicism} a word or phrase borrowed from French
{n: Galois, Evariste Galois} French mathematician who described the conditions for solving polynomial equations; was killed in a duel at the age of 21 (1811-1832)
{n: Gambier Islands} a group of islands in the south central Pacific; part of French Polynesia
{n: Garnier, Jean Louis Charles Garnier} French architect (1825-1898)
{n: Gauguin, Paul Gauguin} French Post-impressionist painter who worked in the South Pacific (1848-1903)
{n: Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac} French chemist and physicist who first isolated boron and who formulated the law describing the behavior of gases under constant pressure (1778-1850)
{n: Genet, Edmund Charles Edouard Genet, Citizen Genet} French diplomat who in 1793 tried to draw the United States into the war between France and England (1763-1834)
{n: Genet, Jean Genet} French writer of novels and dramas for the theater of the absurd (1910-1986)
{n: Gide, Andre Gide, Andre Paul Guillaume Gide} French author and dramatist who is regarded as the father of modern French literature (1869-1951)
{n: Giraudoux, Jean Giraudoux, Hippolyte Jean Giraudoux} French novelist and dramatist whose plays were reinterpretations of Greek myths (1882-1944)
{n: Gironde} the French moderate political party that was in power (1791-1793) during the French Revolution
{n: Girondist, Girondin} a member of the moderate republican party that was in power during the French Revolution; the Girondists were overthrown by their more radical rivals the Jacobins
{n: Godard, Jean Luc Godard} French film maker influenced by surrealism; early work explored the documentary use of film; noted for innovative techniques (born in 1930)
{n: Goncourt, Edmond de Goncourt, Edmond Louis Antoine Huot de Goncourt} French writer who collaborated with his brother Jules de Goncourt on many books and who in his will established the Prix Goncourt (1822-1896)
{n: Goncourt, Jules de Goncourt, Jules Alfred Huot de Goncourt} French writer who collaborated with his brother Edmond de Goncourt on many books (1830-1870)
{n: Gounod, Charles Francois Gounod} French composer best remembered for his operas (1818-1893)
{n: Grand Marnier} an orange-flavored French liqueur
{n: Grappelli, Stephane Grappelli} French jazz violinist (1908-1997)
{n: Guinea, Republic of Guinea, French Guinea} a republic in western Africa on the Atlantic; formerly a French colony; achieved independence from France in 1958
{n: Haitian Creole} a creole language spoken by most Haitians; based on French and various African languages
{n: Halevy, Fromental Halevy, Jacques Francois Fromental Elie Halevy} French operatic composer (1799-1862)
{n: Hansard} the official published verbatim report of the proceedings of a parliamentary body; originally of the British Parliament
"the Canadian Hansard is published in both English and French"
{n: Henry V} son of Henry IV and King of England from 1413 to 1422; reopened the Hundred Years' War and defeated the French at Agincourt (1387-1422)
{n: Hinault, Bernard Hinault} French racing cyclist who won the Tour de France five times (born in 1954)
{n: Ho Chi Minh City, Saigon} a city in South Vietnam; formerly (as Saigon) it was the capital of French Indochina
{n: Ho Chi Minh, Nguyen Tat Thanh} Vietnamese communist statesman who fought the Japanese in World War II and the French until 1954 and South Vietnam until 1975 (1890-1969)
{n: Hohenlinden, battle of Hohenlinden} a battle during the Napoleonic Wars (1800); the French defeated the Austrians
{n: Hugo, Victor Hugo, Victor-Marie Hugo} French poet and novelist and dramatist; leader of the romantic movement in France (1802-1885)
{n: Huguenot} a French Calvinist of the 16th or 17th centuries
{n: Ibert, Jacques Francois Antoine Ibert} French composer (1890-1962)
{n: Impressionism} a school of late 19th century French painters who pictured appearances by strokes of unmixed colors to give the impression of reflected light
{n: Ingres, Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres} French classical painter (1780-1867)
{n: Innocent XI, Benedetto Odescalchi} Italian pope from 1676 to 1689 whose papacy was marked by the struggle with Louis XIV of France over papal authority over French Catholics; known for saintliness and canonized in 1956 (1611-1689)
{n: Ionesco, Eugene Ionesco} French dramatist (born in Romania) who was a leading exponent of the theater of the absurd (1912-1994)
{n: Jacob, Francois Jacob} French biochemist who (with Jacques Monod) studied regulatory processes in cells (born in 1920)
{n: Jacobinism} the ideology of the most radical element of the French Revolution that instituted the Reign of Terror
{n: Jacobin} a member of the radical movement that instituted the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution
{n: Jacquard, Joseph M. Jacquard, Joseph Marie Jacquard} French inventor of the Jacquard loom that could automatically weave complicated patterns (1752-1834)
{n: Jeanne d'Arc, Joan of Arc, Saint Joan} French heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions to organize French resistance to the English and to have Charles VII crowned king; she was later tried for heresy and burned at the stake (1412-1431)
{n: Joffre, Joseph Jacques Cesaire Joffre} French field marshal who commanded the Allied armies in France during World War II (1852-1931)
{n: John, King John, John Lackland} youngest son of Henry II; King of England from 1199 to 1216; succeeded to the throne on the death of his brother Richard I; lost his French possessions; in 1215 John was compelled by the barons to sign the Magna Carta (1167-1216)
{n: Joliot, Jean-Frederic Joliot, Joliot-Curie, Jean-Frederic Joliot-Curie} French nuclear physicist who was Marie Curie's assistant and who worked with Marie Curie's daughter who he married (taking the name Joliot-Curie); he and his wife discovered how to synthesize new radioactive elements (1900-1958)
{n: Joliot-Curie, Irene Joliot-Curie} French physicist who (with her husband) synthesized new chemical elements (1897-1956)
{n: Jolliet, Louis Jolliet, Joliet, Louis Joliet} French explorer (with Jacques Marquette) of the upper Mississippi River valley (1645-1700)
{n: Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de Jussieu} French botanist who categorized plants into families and developed a system of plant classification (1748-1836)
{n: Kastler, Alfred Kastler} French physicist (1902-1984)
{n: La Fontaine, Jean de La Fontaine} French writer who collected Aesop's fables and published them (1621-1695)
{n: La Rochefoucauld, Francois de La Rochefoucauld} French writer of moralistic maxims (1613-1680)
{n: La Tour, Georges de La Tour} French painter of religious works (1593-1652)
{n: LaSalle, Sieur de LaSalle, Rene-Robert Cavelier} French explorer who claimed Louisiana for France (1643-1687)
{n: Labrouste, Henri Labrouste} French architect who was among the first to use metal construction successfully (1801-1875)
{n: Lafayette, La Fayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette} French soldier who served under George Washington in the American Revolution (1757-1834)
{n: Laffite, Lafitte, Jean Laffite, Jean Lafitte} French pirate who aided the United States in the War of 1812 and received an official pardon for his crimes (1780-1826)
{n: Lake Champlain, Champlain} a lake in northeastern New York, northwestern Vermont and southern Quebec; site of many battles in the French and Indian War and in the American Revolution and in the War of 1812
{n: Lamarck, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, Chevalier de Lamarck} French naturalist who proposed that evolution resulted from the inheritance of acquired characteristics (1744-1829)
{n: Langue d'oc, Langue d'oc French} medieval provincial dialects of French formerly spoken in the south of France
{n: Langue d'oil, Langue d'oil French} medieval provincial dialects of French spoken in central and northern France
{n: Languedoc-Roussillon} a region in south central France; named after the medieval dialect of French that was spoken there
{n: Laplace, Marquis de Laplace, Pierre Simon de Laplace} French mathematician and astronomer who formulated the nebular hypothesis concerning the origins of the solar system and who developed the theory of probability (1749-1827)
{n: Larousse, Pierre Larousse, Pierre Athanase Larousse} French lexicographer (1817-1875)
{n: Laver, Rod Laver, Rodney George Laver} Australian tennis player who in 1962 was the second man to win the Australian and French and English and United States singles titles in the same year; in 1969 he repeated this feat (born in 1938)
{n: Lavoisier, Antoine Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent Lavoisier} French chemist known as the father of modern chemistry; discovered oxygen and disproved the theory of phlogiston (1743-1794)
{n: Le Corbusier, Charles Edouard Jeanneret} French architect (born in Switzerland) (1887-1965)
{n: Le Notre, Andre Le Notre} French landscape gardener who designed many formal gardens including the parks of Versailles (1613-1700)
{n: Leger, Fernand Leger} French painter who was an early cubist (1881-1955)
{n: Lesseps, Ferdinand de Lesseps, Vicomte Ferdinand Marie de Lesseps} French diplomat who supervised the construction of the Suez Canal (1805-1894)
{n: Levi-Strauss, Claude Levi-Strauss} French cultural anthropologist who promoted structural analysis of social systems (born in 1908)
{n: Liege, Luik} city in eastern Belgium; largest French-speaking city in Belgium
{n: Lippmann, Gabriel Lippmann} French physicist who developed the first color photographic process (1845-1921)
{n: Littre, Maximilien Paul Emile Littre} French lexicographer (1801-1881)
{n: Loire Vally} the valley of the Loire River where many French wines originated
{n: Loire, Loire River} the longest French river; rises in the Massif Central and flows north and west to the Atlantic Ocean
{n: Lorraine, Lothringen} an eastern French region rich in iron-ore deposits
{n: Louis XIV, Sun King, Louis the Great} king of France from 1643 to 1715; his long reign was marked by the expansion of French influence in Europe and by the magnificence of his court and the Palace of Versailles (1638-1715)
{n: Louis XVI} king of France from 1774 to 1792; his failure to grant reforms led to the French Revolution; he and his queen (Marie Antoinette) were guillotined (1754-1793)
{n: Lully, Jean Baptiste Lully, Lulli, Giambattista Lulli} French composer (born in Italy) who was the court composer to Louis XIV and founded the national French opera (1632-1687)
{n: Magenta, Battle of Magenta} a battle in 1859 in which the French and Sardinian forces under Napoleon III defeated the Austrians under Francis Joseph I
{n: Maginot, Andre Maginot} French politician who proposed the Maginot Line (1877-1932)
{n: Maillol, Aristide Maillol} French sculptor of monumental female nudes (1861-1944)
{n: Maintenon, Marquise de Maintenon, Francoise d'Aubigne, Madame de Maintenon} French consort of Louis XIV who secretly married the king after the death of his first wife (1635-1719)
{n: Malebranche, Nicolas de Malebranche} French philosopher (1638-1715)
{n: Mali, Republic of Mali, French Sudan} a landlocked republic in northwestern Africa; achieved independence from France in 1960; Mali was a center of West African civilization for more than 4,000 years
{n: Mallarme, Stephane Mallarme} French symbolist poet noted for his free verse (1842-1898)
{n: Malory, Thomas Malory, Sir Thomas Malory} English writer who published a translation of romances about King Arthur taken from French and other sources (died in 1471)
{n: Malraux, Andre Malraux} French novelist (1901-1976)
{n: Mandelbrot, Benoit Mandelbrot} French mathematician (born in Poland) noted for inventing fractals (born in 1924)
{n: Manet, Edouard Manet} French painter whose work influenced the impressionists (1832-1883)
{n: Mansart, Francois Mansart} French architect who introduced the mansard roof (1598-1666)
{n: Maquis, Maquisard} a guerrilla fighter in the French underground in World War II
{n: Maquis} the French underground that fought against the German occupation in World War II
{n: Marat, Jean Paul Marat} French revolutionary leader (born in Switzerland) who was a leader in overthrowing the Girondists and was stabbed to death in his bath by Charlotte Corday (1743-1793)
{n: Marceau, Marcel Marceau} French mime famous for his sad-faced clown (born in 1923)
{n: Marengo} a battle in 1800 in which the French under Napoleon Bonaparte won a great victory over the Austrians
{n: Marquesas Islands, Iles Marquises} a group of volcanic islands in the south central Pacific; part of French Polynesia
{n: Marquette, Jacques Marquette, Pere Jacques Marquette} French missionary who accompanied Louis Joliet in exploring the upper Mississippi River valley (1637-1675)
{n: Marseillaise} the French national anthem
{n: Martin, St. Martin} French bishop who is a patron saint of France (died in 397)
{n: Massenet, Jules Emile Frederic Massenet} French composer best remembered for his pop operas (1842-1912)
{n: Massine, Leonide Fedorovitch Massine, Leonid Fyodorovich Myasin} French choreographer and ballet dancer (born in Russia) (1895-1979)
{n: Mata Hari, Margarete Gertrud Zelle} Dutch dancer who was executed by the French as a German spy in World War I (1876-1917)
{n: Matisse, Henri Matisse, Henri Emile Benoit Matisse} French painter and sculptor; leading figure of fauvism (1869-1954)
{n: Maupassant, Guy de Maupassant, Henri Rene Albert Guy de Maupassant} French writer noted especially for his short stories (1850-1893)
{n: Mauriac, Francois Mauriac, Francois Charles Mauriac} French novelist who wrote about the conflict between desire and religious belief (1885-1970)
{n: Maurois, Andre Maurois, Emile Herzog} French writer best known for his biographies (1885-1967)
{n: Mayday} an internationally recognized distress signal via radiotelephone (from the French m'aider)
{n: Medaille Militaire} a French military decoration
{n: Meniere, Prosper Meniere} French otologist who first described a form of vertigo now known as Meniere's disease and identified the semicircular canals as the site of the lesion (1799-1862)
{n: Milhaud, Darius Milhaud} French composer of works that combine jazz and polytonality and Brazilian music (1892-1974)
{n: Millet, Jean Francois Millet} French painter of rural scenes (1814-1875)
{n: Minden, battle of Minden} a battle in the Seven Years' War (1759) in which the English forces and their allies defeated the French
{n: Mirabeau, Comte de Mirabeau, Honore-Gabriel Victor Riqueti} French revolutionary who was prominent in the early days of the French Revolution (1749-1791)
{n: Mitterand, Francois Mitterand, Francois Maurice Marie Mitterand} French statesman and president of France from 1981 to 1985 (1916-1996)
{n: Moliere, Jean-Baptiste Poquelin} French author of sophisticated comedies (1622-1673)
{n: Monaco, Principality of Monaco} a constitutional monarchy in a tiny enclave on the French Riviera
{n: Monet, Claude Monet} French impressionist painter (1840-1926)
{n: Monnet, Jean Monnet} French economist who advocated a Common Market in Europe (1888-1979)
{n: Monod, Jacques Monod, Jacques Lucien Monod} French biochemist who (with Francois Jacob) explained how genes are activated and suggested the existence of messenger RNA (1910-1976)
{n: Monsieur} used as a French courtesy title; equivalent to English `Mr'
{n: Montaigne, Michel Montaigne, Michel Eyquem Montaigne} French writer regarded as the originator of the modern essay (1533-1592)
{n: Montespan, Marquise de Montespan, Francoise-Athenais de Rochechouart} French noblewoman who was mistress to Louis XIV until he became attracted to Madame de Maintenon (1641-1707)
{n: Montesquieu, Baron de la Brede et de Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat} French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755)
{n: Montgolfier, Jacques Etienne Montgolfier} French inventor who (with his brother Josef Michel Montgolfier) pioneered hot-air ballooning (1745-1799)
{n: Montgolfier, Josef Michel Montgolfier} French inventor who (with his brother Jacques Etienne Montgolfier) pioneered hot-air ballooning (1740-1810)
{n: Montreal} a city in southern Quebec province on the Saint Lawrence River; the largest city in Quebec and 2nd largest in Canada; the 2nd largest French-speaking city in the world
{n: Musset, Alfred de Musset, Louis Charles Alfred de Musset} French poet and writer (1810-1857)
{n: Napoleon III, Emperor Napoleon III, Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte} nephew of Napoleon I and emperor of the French from 1852 to 1871 (1808-1873)
{n: Napoleon, Napoleon I, Napoleon Bonaparte, Bonaparte, Little Corporal} French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)
{n: Navarino, battle of Navarino} a decisive naval battle in the War of Greek Independence (1827); the Turkish and Egyptian fleet was defeated by an allied fleet of British and French and Russian warships
{n: Neel, Louis Eugene Felix Neel} French physicist noted for research on magnetism (born in 1904)
{n: Nelson, Horatio Nelson, Viscount Nelson, Admiral Nelson, Lord Nelson} English admiral who defeated the French fleets of Napoleon but was mortally wounded at Trafalgar (1758-1805)
{n: New Wave, Nouvelle Vague} an art movement in French cinema in the 1960s
{n: Ney, Michel Ney, Duc d'Elchingen} French marshal in the Napoleonic Wars (1769-1815)
{n: Nice} a city in southeastern France on the Mediterranean; the leading resort on the French Riviera
{n: Norman-French, Old North French} the medieval Norman dialect of Old French
{n: North Vietnam} a former country in southeastern Asia that existed from 1954 (after the defeat of the French at Dien Bien Phu) until 1975 when South Vietnam collapsed at the end of the Vietnam War
{n: Nostradamus, Michel de Notredame} French astrologer who wrote cryptic predictions whose interpretations are still being debated (1503-1566)
{n: Nova Scotia} the Canadian province in the Maritimes consisting of the Nova Scotia peninsula and Cape Breton Island; French settlers who called the area Acadia were exiled to Louisiana by the British in the 1750s and their descendants are know as Cajuns
{n: Offenbach, Jacques Offenbach} French composer of many operettas and an opera (1819-1880)
{n: Old French} the earliest form of the French language; 9th to 15th century
{n: Paine, Tom Paine, Thomas Paine} American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist's fight for independence and supported the French Revolution (1737-1809)
{n: Papeete} the capital of French Polynesia on the northwestern coast of Tahiti
{n: Paris, City of Light, French capital, capital of France} the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce
{n: Pascal, Blaise Pascal} French mathematician and philosopher and Jansenist; invented an adding machine; contributed (with Fermat) to the theory of probability (1623-1662)
{n: Pasteur, Louis Pasteur} French chemist and biologist whose discovery that fermentation is caused by microorganisms resulted in the process of pasteurization (1822-1895)
{n: Piaf, Edith Piaf, Edith Giovanna Gassion, Little Sparrow} French cabaret singer (1915-1963)
{n: Pierrot} a male character in French pantomime; usually dressed in white with a whitened face
{n: Pitot, Henri Pitot} French physicist for whom the Pitot tube was named (1695-1771)
{n: Pius VI, Giovanni Angelo Braschi, Giannangelo Braschi} Italian pope from 1775 to 1799 who served during the French Revolution; Napoleon attacked the Papal States and in 1797 Pius VI was taken to France where he died (1717-1799)
{n: Poitiers, battle of Poitiers} the battle in 1356 in which the English under the Black Prince defeated the French
{n: Pompadour, Marquise de Pompdour, Jeanne Antoinette Poisson} French noblewoman who was the lover of Louis XV, whose policies she influenced (1721-1764)
{n: Poulenc, Francis Poulenc} French pianist and composer (1899-1963)
{n: Poussin, Nicolas Poussin} French painter in the classical style (1594-1665)
{n: Prix Goncourt} an award given annually for contributions to French literature
{n: Prix de Rome} an annual prize awarded by the French government in a competition of painters and artists and sculptors and musicians and architects; the winner in each category receives support for a period of study in Rome
{n: Proudhon, Pierre Joseph Proudhon} French socialist who argued that property is theft (1809-1865)
{n: Proust, Marcel Proust} French novelist (1871-1922)
{n: Quebec, Quebec City} the French-speaking capital of the province of Quebec; situated on the Saint Lawrence River
{n: Quebecois} a native or inhabitant of Quebec (especially one who speaks French)
{n: Quebec} the largest province of Canada; a French colony from 1663 to 1759 when it was lost to the British
{n: Racine, Jean Racine, Jean Baptiste Racine} French advocate of Jansenism; tragedian who based his works on Greek and Roman themes (1639-1699)
{n: Rameau, Jean-Philippe Rameau} French composer of operas whose writings laid the foundation for the modern theory of harmony (1683-1764)
{n: Ravel, Maurice Ravel} French composer and exponent of Impressionism (1875-1937)
{n: Ravenna, Battle of Ravenna} a battle between the French and an alliance of Spaniards and Swiss and Venetians in 1512
{n: Reaumur, Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur} French physicist who invented the alcohol thermometer (1683-1757)
{n: Reign of Terror} the historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed
"the Reign of the Bourbons ended and the Reign of Terror began"
{n: Renoir, Pierre Auguste Renoir} French impressionist painter (1841-1919)
{n: Revolutionary calendar} the calendar adopted by the first French Republic in 1793 and abandoned in 1805; dates were calculated from Sept. 22, 1792
{n: Rheims, Reims} a city in northeastern France east of Paris; scene of the coronation of most French kings; site of the unconditional German surrender in 1945 at the end of World War II
{n: Rhone, Rhone River} a major French river; flows into the Mediterranean near Marseilles
"the valley of the Rhone is famous for its vineyards"
{n: Richelieu, Duc de Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu} French prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XIII (1585-1642)
{n: Rimbaud, Arthur Rimbaud, Jean Nicholas Arthur Rimbaud} French poet whose work influenced the surrealists (1854-1891)
{n: Robespierre, Maxmillien Marie Isidore de Robespierre} French revolutionary; leader of the Jacobins and architect of the Reign of Terror; was himself executed in a coup d'etat (1758-1794)
{n: Rochambeau, Comte de Rochambeau, Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur} French general who commanded French troops in the American Revolution, notably at Yorktown (1725-1807)
{n: Rocroi, Battle of Rocroi} a battle in the Thirty Years' War (1643); the French defeated the Spanish invaders
{n: Rodin, Auguste Rodin, Francois Auguste Rene Rodin} French sculptor noted for his renderings of the human form (1840-1917)
{n: Roquefort} French blue cheese
{n: Rostand, Edmond Rostand} French dramatist and poet whose play immortalized Cyrano de Bergerac (1868-1918)
{n: Rousseau, Henri Rousseau, Le Douanier Rousseau} French primitive painter (1844-1910)
{n: Rousseau, Jean-Jacques Rousseau} French philosopher and writer born in Switzerland; believed that the natural goodness of man was warped by society; ideas influenced the French Revolution (1712-1778)
{n: Sade, de Sade, Comte Donatien Alphonse Francois de Sade, Marquis de Sade} French soldier and writer whose descriptions of sexual perversion gave rise to the term `sadism' (1740-1814)
{n: Saint-Saens, Charles Camille Saint-Saens} French pianist and composer (1835-1921)
{n: San Sebastian} a city in northern Spain on the Bay of Biscay near the French border; a fashionable seaside resort
{n: Sand, George Sand, Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin, Baroness Dudevant} French writer known for works concerning women's rights and independence (1804-1876)
{n: Sartre, Jean-Paul Sartre} French writer and existentialist philosopher (1905-1980)
{n: Satie, Erik Satie, Erik Alfred Leslie Satie} French composer noted for his experimentalism and rejection of Romanticism (1866-1925)
{n: Saxe, Hermann Maurice Saxe, comte de Saxe, Marshal Saxe} a French marshal who distinguished himself in the War of the Austrian Succession (1696-1750)
{n: Schweitzer, Albert Schweitzer} French philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary in Gabon (1875-1965)
{n: Scribe, Augustin Eugene Scribe} French playwright (1791-1861)
{n: Seine, Seine River} a French river that flows through the heart of Paris and then northward into the English Channel
{n: Senegal, Republic of Senegal} a republic in northwestern Africa on the coast of the Atlantic; formerly a French colony but achieved independence in 1960
{n: Seurat, Georges Seurat, Georges Pierre Seurat} French painter who developed pointilism (1859-1891)
{n: Simenon, Georges Simenon, Georges Joseph Christian Simenon} French writer (born in Belgium) best known for his detective novels featuring Inspector Maigret (1903-1989)
{n: Society Islands} an island group of French Polynesia in the South Pacific east of Samoa
{n: Solferino, battle of Solferino} an indecisive battle in 1859 between the French and Sardinians under Napoleon III and the Austrians under Francis Joseph I
{n: Soufflot, Jacques Germain Soufflot} French architect (1713-1780)
{n: South Vietnam} a former country in southeastern Asia that existed from 1954 (after the defeat of the French at Dien Bien Phu) until 1975 when it was defeated and annexed by North Vietnam
{n: Soutine, Chaim Soutine} French expressionist painter (born in Lithuania) (1893-1943)
{n: Stael, Madame de Stael, Baronne Anne Louise Germaine Necker de Steal-Holstein} French romantic writer (1766-1817)
{n: Stendhal, Marie Henri Beyle} French writer whose novels were the first to feature psychological analysis of the character (1783-1842)
{n: Sue, Eugene Sue} French writer whose novels described the sordid side of city life (1804-1857)
{n: Sully, Duc de Sully, Maxmilien de Bethune} French statesman (1560-1641)
{n: Sylvester II, Gerbert} French pope from 999 to 1003 who was noted for his great learning (945-1003)
{n: Tahiti} an island in the south Pacific; the most important island in French Polynesia; made famous by Robert Louis Stevenson and Paul Gauguin
{n: Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand} French statesman (1754-1838)
{n: Tati, Jacques Tati, Jacques Tatischeff} French filmmaker (1908-1982)
{n: Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre Teilhard de Chardin} French paleontologist and philosopher (1881-1955)
{n: Tocqueville, Alexis de Tocqueville, Alexis Charles Henri Maurice de Tocqueville} French political writer noted for his analysis of American institutions (1805-1859)
{n: Togo, Togolese Republic} a republic on the western coast of Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; formerly under French control
{n: Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri Toulouse-Lautrec} French painter who portrayed life in the cafes and music halls of Montmartre (1864-1901)
{n: Tour de France} a French bicycle race for professional cyclists that last three weeks and covers about 3,000 miles
{n: Tourette, Gilles de la Tourette, Georges Gilles de la Tourette} French neurologist (1857-1904)
{n: Trafalgar, battle of Trafalgar} a naval battle in 1805 off the southwest coast of Spain; the French and Spanish fleets were defeated by the English under Nelson (who was mortally wounded)
{n: Truffaut, Francois Truffaut} French filmmaker (1932-1984)
{n: Tuamotu Archipelago, Paumotu Archipelago, Low Archipelago} a group of about 80 coral islands in French Polynesia
{n: Tubuai Islands, Austral Islands} a chain of small islands in French Polynesia
{n: Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques Turgot} French economist who in 1774 was put in control of finances by Louis XVI; his proposals for reforms that involved abolishing feudal privileges made him unpopular with the aristocracy and in 1776 he was dismissed (1727-1781)
{n: Turner, Joseph Mallord William Turner} English landscape painter whose treatment of light and color influenced the French impressionists (1775-1851)
{n: Tussaud, Marie Tussaud, Madame Tussaud, Marie Grosholtz} French modeler (resident in England after 1802) who made wax death masks of prominent victims of the French Revolution and toured Britain with her wax models; in 1835 she opened a permanent waxworks exhibition in London (1761-1850)
{n: Tzara, Tristan Tzara, Samuel Rosenstock} French poet (born in Romania) who was one of the cofounders of the dada movement (1896-1963)
{n: Urban II, Odo, Odo of Lagery, Otho, Otho of Lagery} French pope from 1088 to 1099 whose sermons called for the First Crusade (1042-1099)
{n: Urban V, Guillaume de Grimoard} French pope from 1362 to 1370 who tried to reestablish the papacy in Rome but in 1367 returned to Avignon hoping to end the war between France and England; canonized in 1870 (1310-1370)
{n: Utrillo, Maurice Utrillo} French painter noted for his paintings of Parisian street scenes (1883-1955)
{n: Valmy, battle of Valmy} the French defeated the Austrian and Prussian troops in 1792 (with a famous cannonade from the French artillery)
{n: Valois} French royal house from 1328 to 1589
{n: Vasarely, Viktor Vasarely} French painter (born in Hungary) who was a pioneer of op art (1908-1997)
{n: Verlaine, Paul Verlaine} French symbolist poet (1844-1896)
{n: Verne, Jules Verne} French writer who is considered the father of science fiction (1828-1905)
{n: Vernier, Paul Vernier} French mathematician who described the vernier scale (1580-1637)
{n: Vigee-Lebrun, Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun, Marie Louise Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun} French painter noted for her portraits (1755-1842)
{n: Villon, Francois Villon} French poet (flourished around 1460)
{n: Vlaminck, Maurice de Vlaminck} French painter and exponent of fauvism (1876-1958)
{n: Volapuk} one of the first artificial language constructed for use as an auxiliary international language; based largely on English but with some German and French and Latin roots
{n: Voltaire, Arouet, Francois-Marie Arouet} French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)
{n: Vouvray} a dry white French wine (either still or sparkling) made in the Loire valley
{n: Vuillard, Edouard Vuillard, Jean Edouard Vuillard} French painter (1868-1940)
{n: Walloon} a member of the French-speaking people living in Belgium
{n: Walloon} an ethnic group speaking a dialect of French and living in southern and eastern Belgium and neighboring parts of France
{n: Walloon} dialect of French spoken in Belgium and adjacent parts of France
{n: Waterloo, Battle of Waterloo} the battle on 18 June 1815 in which Prussian and British forces under Blucher and the Duke of Wellington routed the French forces under Napoleon
{n: Watteau, Jean Antoine Watteau} French painter (1684-1721)
{n: Weil, Simone Weil} French philosopher (1909-1943)
{n: West Berlin} the part of Berlin under United States and British and French control until 1989
{n: West Germany, Federal Republic of Germany} a republic in north central Europe on the North Sea; established in 1949 from the zones of Germany occupied by the British and French and Americans after the German defeat; reunified with East Germany in 1990
{n: Worth, Charles Frederick Worth} French couturier (born in England) regarded as the founder of Parisian haute couture; noted for introducing the bustle (1825-1895)
{n: Yersin, Alexandre Yersin, Alexandre Emile Jean Yersin} French bacteriologist born in Switzerland; was a student of Pasteur; discovered the plague bacillus (1863-1943)
{n: Yorktown} in 1781 during the American Revolution the British under Cornwallis surrendered after a siege of three weeks by American and French troops
{n: Yquem} a sweet white French wine
{n: Zola, Emile Zola} French novelist and critic; defender of Dreyfus (1840-1902)
{n: abbe} a French abbot
{n: ancien regime} a political and social system that no longer governs (especially the system that existed in France before the French Revolution)
{n: annexation} the formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by conquest or occupation
"the French annexation of Madagascar as a colony in 1896"
"a protectorate has frequently been a first step to annexation"
{n: apache dance} a violent fast dance in French vaudeville (an apache is a member of the French underworld)
{n: arpent} a former French unit of area; equal approximately to an acre
{n: art nouveau} a French school of art and architecture popular in the 1890s; characterized by stylized natural forms and sinuous outlines of such objects as leaves and vines and flowers
{n: baguet, baguette} narrow French stick loaf
{n: beguine} a ballroom dance that originated in the French West Indies; similar to the rumba
{n: benedictine} a French liqueur originally made by Benedictine monks
{n: bonheur} (French) happiness and good humor
{n: briard} old French breed of large strong usually black dogs having a long tail and long wavy and slightly stiff coat
{n: bureau de change} (French) an establishment where you can exchange foreign money
{n: cachet, lettre de cachet} a warrant formerly issued by a French king who could warrant imprisonment or death in a signed letter under his seal
{n: cancan} a high-kicking dance of French origin performed by a female chorus line
{n: chanson de geste} Old French epic poems
{n: cloud} a cause of worry or gloom or trouble
"the only cloud on the horizon was the possibility of dissent by the French"
{n: command, control, mastery} great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity
"a good command of French"
{n: concierge} a French caretaker of apartments or a hotel; lives on the premises and oversees people entering and leaving and handles mail and acts as janitor or porter
{n: coureur de bois} a French Canadian trapper
{n: crape, crepe, French pancake} small very thin pancake
{n: de Gaulle, General de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle, General Charles de Gaulle, Charles Andre Joseph Marie de Gaulle} French general and statesman who became very popular during World War II as the leader of the Free French forces in exile (1890-1970)
{n: dissimilation} a linguistic process by which one of two similar sounds in a word becomes less like the other
"the Old French MARBRE became the English MARBLE by dissimilation"
{n: double cream} fresh soft French cheese containing at least 60% fat
{n: dressing, salad dressing} savory dressings for salads; basically of two kinds: either the thin French or vinaigrette type or the creamy mayonnaise type
{n: dry vermouth, French vermouth} dry pale amber variety
{n: eminence grise} (French) a person who exercises power or influence in certain areas without holding an official position
"the President's wife is an eminence grise in matters of education"
{n: eve} the period immediately before something
"on the eve of the French Revolution"
{n: excellence, excellency} an outstanding feature; something in which something or someone excels
"a center of manufacturing excellence"
"the use of herbs is one of the excellencies of French cuisine"
{n: field pennycress, French weed, fanweed, penny grass, stinkweed, mithridate mustard, Thlaspi arvense} foetid Eurasian weed having round flat pods; naturalized throughout North America
{n: fish and chips} fried fish and french-fried potatoes
{n: flageolet, haricot} a French bean variety with light-colored seeds; usually dried
{n: franc-tireur} a sharpshooter (in the French army)
{n: french fries, french-fried potatoes, fries} strips of potato fried in deep fat
{n: frog, Gaul} a person of French descent
{n: garlic bread} French or Italian bread sliced and spread with garlic butter then crisped in the oven
{n: gavotte} an old formal French dance in quadruple time
{n: gendarmerie, gendarmery} French police force; a group of gendarmes or gendarmes collectively
{n: gendarme} a French policeman
{n: handset, French telephone} telephone set with the mouthpiece and earpiece mounted on a single handle
{n: haricot vert, haricots verts, French bean} very small and slender green bean
{n: haricot} a French variety of green bean plant bearing light-colored beans
{n: haute cuisine} (French) an elaborate and skillful manner of preparing food
{n: hornist} a musician who plays a horn (especially a French horn)
{n: instrumentality} a subsidiary organ of government created for a special purpose
"are the judicial instrumentalities of local governments adequate?"
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