expression [ iks'preʃən] n.词句；表达；表情
find expression in 在…中表现出来
give expression to 表达出，反映
expression [iks'preʃən] n. 表达;词句;表示,说法;表情
expression [iks'preʃən] 表达式
包二奶 have a concubine (originally a Cantonese expression)
freedom of expression 发表意见的自由；表达思想的自由
Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.
人类学家已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。
Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.
儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。
Television is more than just an electronic appliance; it is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
电视不仅仅是一件电器；它是表达的手段和交流的载体，并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。
Silence is the perfect expression of scorn.
沉默是轻蔑的充分表达。
Gestures are a nonverbal means of expression.
打手势是一种非言语的表达方式。
Sometimes we guess the meanings of unknown words or expressions in a reading passage through common sense.
有时我们通过常识来猜阅读文章中的生词或词组的意义。
She looked at me with an expression of hatred.
她面带憎恨的表情看着我。
Her expression suggested anger.
她脸上的表情说明她生气了。
She had a thoughtful expression on her face.
她一脸沉思的表情。
There was such a sincere expression of friendliness on both their faces that it was a joy to see.
他们俩人的脸上都带着非常真诚友好的表情，令人见了感到高兴。
It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.
这可能是对学生在写作中的技术能力的尖锐批评，但也是老师的失败的悲哀反映——忽略了朗读文章，这其中优美的表达可以激发孩子们的深刻感受。
The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centred on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
老师注重错误没错，但是如果他更注重孩子的思想的话，他失望的表现会使孩子有提高的动力。
Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of and so was crucial in sustaining — the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.
加特曼确凿地说明黑人家庭的稳定鼓励了黑人文化遗产的传递和维护，这些遗产包括从一代传到另一代的民间传说，音乐，和宗教表述，这些遗产使非洲和美洲的奴隶们特色显著。
In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomer’s Cane, verges on expressionism or surrealism, does this technique provide a counter point to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression?
此外，一些黑人小说的风格，像Jean Toomer的Cane，就接近于表现主义或者超现实主义，这种巧合是否给流行描述黑人主人公与命运对抗的主题提供了一个反衬点，或者经常被更加自然的表达模式所传达的主题？
Silence is the most perfect expression of scorn.
George Bernard Shaw, British dramatist
沉默是藐视最完美的表达方式。
英国剧作家肖伯纳.G.
Politics is usually the executive expression of human immaturity.
Brittain Vera, American writer
政治通常是人类不成熟的表现行为。
美国作家薇拉.B.
I am about to --or I am going to --die:either expression is correct.
Dominique Bouhours, French grammarian.
我将或者我即将--死去：两种表达方式都正确。
法国语法学家伯阿沃斯D.
Everyone has the right to freedom of expression.
每个人都享有言论自由。
表达 expression; express; project; convey
表达式 expression
表情 expression; phiz
神采 expression; look
You must know it quite well. / You must know it quite well. You can use this expression You must . . . / You must . . . when you think something for certain, e.g., after a long busy day: You must be tired / You must be tired.
You must know it quite well. /你一定对它非常了解。当你非常确定某事时，你可以用下面这个表达法： You must . . . / 你一定 . . . ；例如, 在某人忙碌了一天之后说: You must be tired / 你一定累了。
Best of all . . . / Best of all . . . if you think something is the best among lots of others, you can use this expression.
Best of all . . . /其中最好的. . .如果你认为在很多事物中某事物是最好的，用这个表达法。
百花齐放 [bǎi huā qí fàng] /(saying) a hundred flowers bloom; let the arts have free expression/
败笔 [bài bǐ] /a faulty stroke in calligraphy or painting/a faulty expression in writing/
贬词 [biǎn cí] /derogatory term/expression of censure/
表情 [biǎo qíng] /(facial) expression/to express one's feelings/expression/
表现 [biǎo xiàn] /expression/manifestation/show/display/manifest/to show (off)/to display/performance (at work etc.)/
词语 [cí yǔ] /words/expressions/terms/
呆 [dāi] /foolish/stupid/no expression/stay/
朗诵 [lǎng sòng] /read aloud with expression/recite/declaim/
神气 [shén qì] /expression/manner/spirited/vigorous/
神情 [shén qíng] /look/expression/
神色 [shén sè] /expression/look/
体现 [tǐ xiàn] /to embody/to reflect/to give expression to/to be reflected in/exemplify/
笑容 [xiào róng] /smile/smiling expression/
言论 [yán lùn] /expression of (political) opinion/
眼神 [yǎn shén] /(n) expression or emotion showing in one's eyes/
This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression.
未来派诗人声称，这种加速的生活节奏需要一种新的表达形式。
We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress.
如果我们想诠释现代生活的压力，就必须加快文学发展的步伐。
We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, of finite verbs.
我们必须大量使用基本词汇，摆脱句号，修饰性形容词及限定动词的羁绊。
This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature.
尽管这符合未来派诗歌的规则和要求，却很难被归入文学之列。
All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. 实际上，没有一个善于思考的人会拒绝接受他们的第一个观点：即情感生活的巨大变化要求表达方式也随之变化。
The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?
实际问题是：我们发生了根本的变化吗？
While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.
虽然日本的教育因强调基础知识而经常受到外国人的赞扬，但是它往往强调考试和机械学习，而不重视创造性和自我表现。
"Those things that do not show up in the test scores — personality, ability, courage or humanity are completely ignored," says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party's education committee.
“在考分中得不到体现的那些东西——个性、能力、勇气或人性——完全被忽视，”执政的自民党教育委员会主席Toshiki Kaifu说，
"Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild."
“对这类事情灰心丧气，致使孩子辍学、放荡不羁。”
The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company's rap music on the grounds of expression.
人们对说唱音乐的焦虑并没使他的日子变得好过。莱文一向以它是一种富于表现力的演唱方式为理由来捍卫公司的说唱音乐。
In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T's violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet.
1992年公司因出品Ice-T乐队狂暴的说唱歌曲《警察杀手》后备受谴责时，莱文说这是街头文化的合法表达方式，它应该有自己的宣泄途径。
"The test of any democratic society," he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, "lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won't retreat in the face of any threats."
他在《华尔街日报》一篇专栏文章中写道：“任何一个民主社会的检验不在于它能多有效地控制各种情感的表达，而在于是否给予了人们思考和表达的最广泛的自由，尽管有时这种结果会引起争论和愤怒。我们不会在任何威胁面前退却。”
And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society's understanding — the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.
正是在公立学校里我们感受到了社会知性的充分体现——传授给下一代的知识、希望和恐惧。
{adj: accurate, exact, precise} (of ideas, images, representations, expressions) characterized by perfect conformity to fact or truth ; strictly correct
"a precise image"
"a precise measurement"
{adj: annoyed, harassed, harried, pestered, vexed} troubled persistently especially with petty annoyances
"harassed working mothers"
"a harried expression"
"her poor pestered father had to endure her constant interruptions"
"the vexed parents of an unruly teenager"
{adj: austere, stern} of a stern or strict bearing or demeanor; forbidding in aspect
"an austere expression"
"a stern face"
{adj: awkward, clumsy, cumbersome, inapt, inept, ill-chosen} not elegant or graceful in expression
"an awkward prose style"
"a clumsy apology"
"his cumbersome writing style"
"if the rumor is true, can anything be more inept than to repeat it now?"
{adj: bathetic, drippy, hokey, maudlin, mawkish, mushy, schmaltzy, schmalzy, sentimental, soppy, soupy, slushy} effusively or insincerely emotional
"a bathetic novel"
"maudlin expressions of sympathy"
"mushy effusiveness"
"a schmaltzy song"
"sentimental soap operas"
"slushy poetry"
{adj: binomial} relating to binomials
"binomial expression"
{adj: blank, vacuous} void of expression
"a blank stare"
{adj: blue, depressed, dispirited, down, downcast, downhearted, down in the mouth, low, low-spirited} low in spirits
"lonely and blue in a strange city"
"depressed by the loss of his job"
"a dispirited and resigned expression on her face"
"downcast after his defeat"
"feeling discouraged and downhearted"
{adj: blurred, clouded} unclear in form or expression
"the blurred aims of the group"
"sometimes one understood clearly and sometimes the meaning was clouded"- H.G.Wells
{adj: calm, unagitated, serene, tranquil} not agitated; without losing self-possession
"spoke in a calm voice"
"remained calm throughout the uproar"
"he remained serene in the midst of turbulence"
"a serene expression on her face"
"she became more tranquil"
"tranquil life in the country"
{adj: circumlocutious, circumlocutory, periphrastic, ambagious} roundabout and unnecessarily wordy
"had a preference for circumlocutious (or circumlocutory) rather than forthright expression"
"A periphrastic study in a worn-out poetical fashion,/ Leaving one still with the intolerable wrestle/ With words and meanings."-T.S.Eliot; (`ambagious' is archaic)
{adj: coreferent} related by sharing a symbolic link to a concrete object or an abstraction
"two expressions are coreferent if they denote the same object or individual"
{adj: dark, obscure} marked by difficulty of style or expression
"much that was dark is now quite clear to me"
"those who do not appreciate Kafka's work say his style is obscure"
{adj: dazed, stunned, stupefied, stupid} in a state of mental numbness especially as resulting from shock
"he had a dazed expression on his face"
"lay semiconscious, stunned (or stupefied) by the blow"
"was stupid from fatigue"
{adj: demonstrative} given to or marked by the open expression of emotion
"an affectionate and demonstrative family"
<-> undemonstrative
{adj: devilish, diabolic, diabolical, mephistophelian, mephistophelean} showing the cunning or ingenuity or wickedness typical of a devil
"devilish schemes"
"the cold calculation and diabolic art of some statesmen"
"the diabolical expression on his face"
"a mephistophelian glint in his eye"
{adj: doleful, mournful} filled with or evoking sadness
"the child's doleful expression"
"stared with mournful eyes"
"mournful news"
{adj: elliptic, elliptical} characterized by extreme economy of expression or omission of superfluous elements
"the dialogue is elliptic and full of dark hints"
"the explanation was concise, even elliptical to the verge of obscurity"- H.O.Taylor
{adj: emphatic, forceful} forceful and definite in expression or action
"the document contained a particularly emphatic guarantee of religious liberty"
{adj: expressive} characterized by expression
"a very expressive face"
{adj: facial} of or concerning the face
"a facial massage"
"facial hair"
"facial expression"
{adj: gestural, nonverbal} being other than verbal communication
"the study of gestural communication"
"art like gesture is a form of nonverbal expression"
{adj: haunted} showing emotional affliction or disquiet
"her expression became progressively more haunted"
{adj: indefinable, indescribable, ineffable, unspeakable, untellable, unutterable} defying expression or description
"indefinable yearnings"
"indescribable beauty"
"ineffable ecstasy"
"inexpressible anguish"
"unspeakable happiness"
"unutterable contempt"
"a thing of untellable splendor"
{adj: inexpressible, unexpressible} defying expression
<-> expressible
{adj: lamenting, wailing, wailful} vocally expressing grief or sorrow or resembling such expression
"lamenting sinners"
"wailing mourners"
"the wailing wind"
"wailful bagpipes"
"tangle her desires with wailful sonnets"- Shakespeare
{adj: metaphorical, metaphoric} expressing one thing in terms normally denoting another
"a metaphorical expression"
"metaphoric language"
{adj: moved, affected, stirred, touched} being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion
"too moved to speak"
"very touched by the stranger's kindness"
<-> unmoved
{adj: noninterchangeable} such that the terms of an expression cannot be interchanged without changing the meaning
"the arguments of the symmetric relation, `is the father of', are noninterchangeable"
{adj: offended, pained} hurt or upset
"she looked offended"
"face had a pained and puzzled expression"
{adj: particular, peculiar, special} unique or specific to a person or thing or category
"the particular demands of the job"
"has a particular preference for Chinese art"
"a peculiar bond of sympathy between them"
"an expression peculiar to Canadians"
"rights peculiar to the rich"
"the special features of a computer"
"my own special chair"
{adj: pleonastic, redundant, tautologic, tautological} repetition of same sense in different words
"`a true fact' and `a free gift' are pleonastic expressions"
"the phrase `a beginner who has just started' is tautological"
"at the risk of being redundant I return to my original proposition"- J.B.Conant
{adj: polynomial, multinomial} having the character of a polynomial
"a polynomial expression"
{adj: questioning, quizzical} perplexed (as if being expected to know something that you do not know)
"he had a quizzical expression"
{adj: sad-faced} having a face with a sad expression
"the sad-faced clown"
{adj: searching, trenchant} having keenness and forcefulness and penetration in thought, expression, or intellect
"searching insights"
"trenchant criticism"
{adj: slangy} constituting or expressed in slang or given to the use of slang
"a slangy expression"
"slangy speech"
{adj: startled} excited by sudden surprise or alarm and making a quick involuntary movement
"students startled by the teacher's quiet return"
"the sudden fluttering of the startled pigeons"
"her startled expression"
{adj: substitutable} (of words) interchangeable in a given context without changing the import of the expression
{adj: surprised} taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment
"surprised by her student's ingenuity"
"surprised that he remembered my name"
"a surprised expression"
<-> unsurprised
{adj: toneless} lacking in tone or expression
"his toneless mechanical voice"
<-> toned
{adj: troubled} characterized by or indicative of distress or affliction or danger or need
"troubled areas"
"fell into a troubled sleep"
"a troubled expression"
"troubled teenagers"
<-> untroubled
{adj: unbuttoned, unlaced} not under constraint in action or expression
"this unbuttoned and disrespectful age"- Curtis Bok
"unlaced behavior in the neighborhood pub"
{adj: undemonstrative} not given to open expression of emotion
<-> demonstrative
{adj: valedictory} of or relating to an occasion or expression of farewell
"a valedictory address"
"valedictory praise for his uniformly manly course"
"a suitable valedictory gesture"
{adj: visible, seeable} capable of being seen; or open to easy view
"a visible object"
"visible stars"
"mountains visible in the distance"
"a visible change of expression"
"visible files"
<-> invisible
{adj: visible} obvious to the eye
"a visible change of expression"
{adj: witty} combining clever conception and facetious expression
"his sermons were unpredictably witty and satirical as well as eloquent"
{adj: yokel-like} stupid and ignorant like proverbial rural inhabitants
"the boy's empty yokel-like expression"
{adv: and how, you bet, you said it} an expression of emphatic agreement
{adv: blankly, without expression} in a blank manner
"she stared at him blankly"
{adv: colloquially, conversationally, informally} with the use of colloquial expressions
"this building is colloquially referred to as The Barn"
{adv: expressively} with expression; in an expressive manner
"she gave the order to the waiter, using her hands very expressively"
<-> inexpressively
{adv: habitually} according to habit or custom
"her habitually severe expression"
"he habitually keeps his office door closed"
{adv: indeed} (used as an interjection) an expression of surprise or skepticism or irony etc.
"Wants to marry the butler? Indeed!"
{adv: inexpressively} without expression; in an inexpressive manner
"she looked at him inexpressively"
<-> expressively
{adv: insubstantially, impalpably} not substantially; lacking substantial expression or fullness
{adv: literally} (intensifier before a figurative expression) without exaggeration
"our eyes were literally pinned to TV during the Gulf War"
{adv: very well, fine, alright, all right, OK} an expression of agreement normally occurring at the beginning of a sentence
{n: Americanism} an expression that is characteristic of English as spoken by Americans
{n: Anglicism, Briticism, Britishism} an expression that is limited to English as spoken by Englishmen (especially as contrasted with American English)
{n: Far East} a popular expression for the countries of eastern Asia (usually including China and Mongolia and Taiwan and Japan and Korea and Indochina and eastern Siberia)
{n: First Amendment} an amendment to the Constitution of the United States guaranteeing the right of free expression; includes freedom of assembly and freedom of the press and freedom of religion and freedom of speech
{n: Fourier series} the sum of a series of trigonometric expressions; used in the analysis of periodic functions
{n: Marlowe, Christopher Marlowe} English poet and playwright who introduced blank verse as a form of dramatic expression; was stabbed to death in a tavern brawl (1564-1593)
{n: Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne} a port city in northeastern England on the River Tyne; a center for coal exports (giving rise to the expression `carry coals to Newcastle' meaning to do something unnecessary)
{n: Ta'ziyeh} (Islam) a form of Iranian musical pageant that is the theatrical expression of religious passion; based on the Battle of Kerbala and performed annually (in Farsi)
{n: abuse, insult, revilement, contumely, vilification} a rude expression intended to offend or hurt
"when a student made a stupid mistake he spared them no abuse"
"they yelled insults at the visiting team"
{n: accent, speech pattern} distinctive manner of oral expression
"he couldn't suppress his contemptuous accent"
"she had a very clear speech pattern"
{n: advice and consent} a legal expression in the United States Constitution that allows the Senate to constrain the President's powers of appointment and treaty-making
{n: algebraic language} an algorithmic language having statements that resemble algebraic expressions
{n: ambiguity} an expression whose meaning cannot be determined from its context
{n: anatomical reference, anatomical} an expression that relates to anatomy
{n: apology} an expression of regret at having caused trouble for someone
"he wrote a letter of apology to the hostess"
{n: appreciation} an expression of gratitude
"he expressed his appreciation in a short note"
{n: archaism, archaicism} the use of an archaic expression
{n: argument} a variable in a logical or mathematical expression whose value determines the dependent variable; if f(x)=y, x is the independent variable
{n: art form} (architecture) a form of artistic expression (such as writing or painting or architecture)
{n: attribution, ascription} assigning to a cause or source
"the attribution of lighting to an expression of God's wrath"
"he questioned the attribution of the painting to Picasso"
{n: bon voyage, send-off} an organized expression of goodwill at the start of a trip or new venture
{n: breeding, genteelness, gentility} elegance by virtue of fineness of manner and expression
{n: brevity} the use of brief expressions
{n: calque, calque formation, loan translation} an expression introduced into one language by translating it from another language
"`superman' is a calque for the German `Ubermensch'"
{n: categorem, categoreme} a categorematic expression; a term capable of standing alone as the subject or predicate of a logical proposition
"names are called categorems"
<-> syncategorem, syncategoreme
{n: characteristic} the integer part (positive or negative) of the representation of a logarithm; in the expression log 643 = 2.808 the characteristic is 2
{n: circumlocution, indirect expression} an indirect way of expressing something
{n: clarity, lucidity, lucidness, pellucidity, clearness, limpidity} free from obscurity and easy to understand; the comprehensibility of clear expression
<-> obscurity, unclearness
{n: clause} (grammar) an expression including a subject and predicate but not constituting a complete sentence
{n: coiner} someone who is a source of new words or new expressions
{n: cold turkey} a blunt expression of views
"I told him cold turkey"
{n: colloquialism} a colloquial expression; characteristic of spoken or written communication that seeks to imitate informal speech
{n: complaint} an expression of grievance or resentment
{n: condolence, commiseration} an expression of sympathy with another's grief
"they sent their condolences"
{n: congratulation, felicitation} (usually plural) an expression of pleasure at the success or good fortune of another
"I sent them my sincere congratulations on their marriage"
{n: construction, grammatical construction, expression} a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit
"I concluded from his awkward constructions that he was a foreigner"
<-> misconstruction
{n: contextual definition} a definition in which the term is used by embedding it in a larger expression containing its explanation
"a contextual definition of `legal duty' might be `X has a legal duty to do Y means that X is required to do Y by a contract relationship that would be upheld in a court of law'"
{n: conversion} a change in the units or form of an expression: "conversion from Fahrenheit to Centigrade"
{n: crispness} a style of expression that is direct and to the point
"the crispness of his reply"
{n: curse, curse word, expletive, oath, swearing, swearword, cuss} profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger
"expletives were deleted"
{n: dead metaphor, frozen metaphor} a metaphor that has occurred so often that it has become a new meaning of the expression (e.g., `he is a snake' may once have been a metaphor but after years of use it has died and become a new sense of the word `snake')
{n: deference, respect} a courteous expression (by word or deed) of esteem or regard
"his deference to her wishes was very flattering"
"be sure to give my respects to the dean"
{n: denotatum} an actual object referred to by a linguistic expression
{n: dependent variable} (statistics) a variable in a logical or mathematical expression whose value depends in the independent variable; if f(x)=y, y is the dependent variable
{n: designatum} something (whether existing or not) that is referred to by a linguistic expression
{n: devoir} formal expression of respect
{n: dint} interchangeable with `means' in the expression `by means of'
{n: disapprobation, condemnation} an expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable
"his uncompromising condemnation of racism"
<-> approbation
{n: disapproval} the expression of disapproval
<-> approval
{n: discouragement} the expression of opposition and disapproval
<-> encouragement
{n: discourse} extended verbal expression in speech or writing
{n: disrespect, discourtesy} an expression of lack of respect
{n: dumps, mopes} an informal expression for a mildly depressed state
"in the dumps"
"have the mopes"
{n: dysphemism} an offensive or disparaging expression that is substituted for an inoffensive one
"his favorite dysphemism was to ask for axle grease when he wanted butter"
<-> euphemism
{n: effusion, gush, outburst, blowup, ebullition} an unrestrained expression of emotion
{n: eidos} (anthropology) the distinctive expression of the cognitive or intellectual character of a culture or a social group
{n: emoticon} a representation of a facial expression (as a smile or frown) created by typing a sequence of characters in sending email
":-( and :-) are emoticons"
{n: encomium, eulogy, panegyric, paean, pean} a formal expression of praise
{n: encouragement} the expression of approval and support
<-> discouragement
{n: equation} a mathematical statement that two expressions are equal
{n: eulogy, eulogium} a formal expression of praise for someone who has died recently
{n: euphemism} an inoffensive expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive
<-> dysphemism
{n: exchange} a mutual expression of views (especially an unpleasant one)
"they had a bitter exchange"
{n: explicandum, explanandum} (logic) a statement of something (a fact or thing or expression) to be explained
{n: explication} the act of making clear or removing obscurity from the meaning of a word or symbol or expression etc.
{n: exponential expression} a mathematical expression consisting of a constant (especially e) raised to some power
{n: exponential series} a series derived from the expansion of an exponential expression
{n: expression, look, aspect, facial expression, face} the feelings expressed on a person's face
"a sad expression"
"a look of triumph"
"an angry face"
{n: expression, manifestation, reflection, reflexion} expression without words
"tears are an expression of grief"
"the pulse is a reflection of the heart's condition"
{n: expression, verbal expression, verbalism} the communication (in speech or writing) of your beliefs or opinions
"expressions of good will"
"he helped me find verbal expression for my ideas"
"the idea was immediate but the verbalism took hours"
{n: expressionism} an art movement early in the 20th century; the artist's subjective expression of inner experiences was emphasized; an inner feeling was expressed through a distorted rendition of reality
{n: expression} (genetics) the process of expressing a gene
{n: expression} the act of forcing something out by squeezing or pressing
"the expression of milk from her breast"
{n: facial expression, facial gesture} a gesture executed with the facial muscles
{n: fairness commission} a commission delegated to ensure opportunities for the expression of opposing views
{n: farewell, word of farewell} an acknowledgment or expression of goodwill at parting
{n: feature, lineament} the characteristic parts of a person's face: eyes and nose and mouth and chin
"an expression of pleasure crossed his features"
"his lineaments were very regular"
{n: felicity, felicitousness} pleasing and appropriate manner or style (especially manner or style of expression)
<-> infelicity
{n: folk music, ethnic music, folk} the traditional and typically anonymous music that is an expression of the life of people in a community
{n: formalization, formalisation} the act of making formal (as by stating formal rules governing classes of expressions)
{n: formula, expression} a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement
{n: formulation, expression} the style of expressing yourself
"he suggested a better formulation"
"his manner of expression showed how much he cared"
{n: frown, scowl} a facial expression of dislike or displeasure
{n: gape} an expression of openmouthed astonishment
{n: gender role} the overt expression of attitudes that indicate to others the degree of your maleness or femaleness
"your gender role is the public expression of your gender identity"
{n: gene expression} conversion of the information encoded in a gene first into messenger RNA and then to a protein
{n: good afternoon, afternoon} a conventional expression of greeting or farewell
{n: good morning, morning} a conventional expression of greeting or farewell
{n: good night} a conventional expression of farewell
{n: grace, gracility} elegance and beauty of movement or expression
{n: gracelessness, ungracefulness} an unpleasant lack of grace in carriage or form or movement or expression
{n: greeting, salutation} (usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)
{n: grimace, face} a contorted facial expression
"she made a grimace at the prospect"
{n: ground swell} an obvious change of public opinion or political sentiment that occurs without leadership or overt expression
"there was a ground swell of antiwar sentiment"
{n: hello, hullo, hi, howdy, how-do-you-do} an expression of greeting
"every morning they exchanged polite hellos"
{n: hiss, hissing, hushing, fizzle, sibilation} a fricative sound (especially as an expression of disapproval)
"the performers could not be heard over the hissing of the audience"
{n: honorific} an expression of respect
"the Japanese use many honorifics"
{n: human right} (law) any basic right or freedom to which all human beings are entitled and in whose exercise a government may not interfere (including rights to life and liberty as well as freedom of thought and expression and equality before the law)
{n: hypocrisy, lip service} an expression of agreement that is not supported by real conviction
{n: idiom, idiomatic expression, phrasal idiom, set phrase, phrase} an expression whose meanings cannot be inferred from the meanings of the words that make it up
{n: inaptness, inappositeness} inappropriateness
"greater inaptness of expression would be hard to imagine"
<-> appositeness, aptness
{n: incisiveness, trenchancy} keenness and forcefulness of thought or expression or intellect
{n: indelicacy} an impolite act or expression
{n: infelicity} inappropriate and unpleasing manner or style (especially manner or style of expression)
<-> felicity
{n: infix notation} a notation for forming mathematical expressions using parentheses and governed by rules of operator precedence; operators are dispersed among the operands
{n: intension, connotation} what you must know in order to determine the reference of an expression
{n: invite} a colloquial expression for invitation
"he didn't get no invite to the party"
{n: job} a workplace; as in the expression "on the job";
{n: laconism, laconicism} terseness of expression
{n: laugh} a facial expression characteristic of a person laughing
"his face wrinkled in a silent laugh of derision"
{n: liveliness, life, spirit, sprightliness} animation and energy in action or expression
"it was a heavy play and the actors tried in vain to give life to it"
{n: looseness} a lack of strict accuracy; laxity of practice
"misunderstandings can often be traced to a looseness of expression"
{n: mantissa, fixed-point part} the positive fractional part of the representation of a logarithm; in the expression log 643 = 2.808 the mantissa is .808
{n: mathematical relation} a relation between mathematical expressions (such as equality or inequality)
{n: metaphor} a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity
{n: mime, mimer, mummer, pantomimer, pantomimist} an actor who communicates entirely by gesture and facial expression
{n: mot juste} the appropriate word or expression
{n: motor aphasia, Broca's aphasia, ataxic aphasia, expressive aphasia, nonfluent aphasia} aphasia in which expression by speech or writing is severely impaired
{n: multidimensional language} a programming language whose expressions are assembled in more than one dimension
<-> one-dimensional language
{n: mutant gene} a gene that has changed so that the normal transmission and expression of a trait is affected
{n: neologist} a lexicographer of new words and expressions
{n: noddle} an informal British expression for head or mind
"use your noddle"
{n: one-dimensional language} a programming language whose expressions are represented by strings of characters
<-> multidimensional language
{n: opinion, view} a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof
"his opinions appeared frequently on the editorial page"
{n: parenthesis-free notation} a notation for forming mathematical expressions that does not use parentheses to delimit components
{n: parenthetical expression, parenthetical} an expression in parentheses
"his writing was full of parentheticals"
{n: passing, loss, departure, exit, expiration, going, release} euphemistic expressions for death
"thousands mourned his passing"
{n: phrase book} a book containing common expressions in a foreign language along with their translations
{n: phrase} an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence
{n: piss-up} vulgar expression for a bout of heavy drinking
{n: placeholder} a symbol in a logical or mathematical expression that can be replaced by the name of any member of specified set
{n: pleasure} a formal expression
"he serves at the pleasure of the President"
{n: poker face} a face without any interpretable expression (as that of a good poker player)
{n: political correctness, political correctitude} avoidance of expressions or actions that can be perceived to exclude or marginalize or insult people who are socially disadvantaged or discriminated against
<-> political incorrectness
{n: political incorrectness} the use of expressions or actions that can be perceived to exclude or marginalize or insult groups who are socially disadvantaged or discriminated against
<-> political correctness
{n: position effect} (genetics) the effect on the expression of a gene that is produced by changing its location in a chromosome
{n: postfix notation, suffix notation, reverse Polish notation} a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator follows its operands
{n: praise, congratulations, kudos, extolment} an expression of approval and commendation
"he always appreciated praise for his work"
{n: predicator} an expression that predicates
{n: prefix notation, Lukasiewicz notation, Polish notation} a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator precedes its operands
{n: primitive} a mathematical expression from which another expression is derived
{n: prose} matter of fact, commonplace, or dull expression
{n: protest} the act of making a strong public expression of disagreement and disapproval
"he shouted his protests at the umpire"
"a shower of protest was heard from the rear of the hall"
{n: quantity} something that has a magnitude and can be represented in mathematical expressions by a constant or a variable
{n: quasi contract} a contract created by law for reasons of justice without any expression of assent
{n: quotation, quote, citation} a passage or expression that is quoted or cited
{n: radical, radical sign} a sign placed in front of an expression to denote that a root is to be extracted
{n: rationalization, rationalisation} (mathematics) the simplification of an expression or equation by eliminating radicals without changing the value of the expression or the roots of the equation
{n: rebuff, slight} a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)
{n: rebuke, reproof, reproval, reprehension, reprimand} an act or expression of criticism and censure
"he had to take the rebuke with a smile on his face"
{n: reciprocal} something (a term or expression or concept) that has a reciprocal relation to something else
"risk is the reciprocal of safety"
{n: recursion} (mathematics) an expression such that each term is generated by repeating a particular mathematical operation
{n: reference, denotation, extension} the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to
"the extension of `satellite of Mars' is the set containing only Demos and Phobos"
{n: regard, wish, compliments} (usually plural) a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare
"give him my kind regards"
"my best wishes"
{n: regionalism} a feature (as a pronunciation or expression or custom) that is characteristic of a particular region
{n: resolution, declaration, resolve} a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote
{n: respects} (often used with `pay') a formal expression of esteem
"he paid his respects to the mayor"
{n: rhyming slang} slang that replaces words with rhyming words or expressions and then typically omits the rhyming component
"Cockney rhyming slang"
{n: ruralism, rusticism} a rural idiom or expression
{n: saying, expression, locution} a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations
"pardon the expression"
{n: self-expression} the expression of one's individuality (usually through creative activities)
{n: sense tagger} a tagging program whose labels indicate the meanings of words or expressions
{n: sense, signified} the meaning of a word or expression; the way in which a word or expression or situation can be interpreted
"the dictionary gave several senses for the word"
"in the best sense charity is really a duty"
"the signifier is linked to the signified"
{n: sentential function} formal expression containing variables; becomes a sentence when variables are replaced by constants
{n: sentimentalism} a sentimental expression or idea
{n: series} (mathematics) the sum of a finite or infinite sequence of expressions
{n: seven seas} an informal expression for all of the oceans of the world
"the old salt had sailed the seven seas"
{n: shucks} an expression of disappointment or irritation
{n: slang, slang expression, slang term} informal language consisting of words and expressions that are not considered appropriate for formal occasions; often vituperative or vulgar
"their speech was full of slang expressions"
{n: smile, smiling, grin, grinning} a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement
{n: snarl} an angry vicious expression
{n: sneer, leer} a facial expression of contempt or scorn; the upper lip curls
{n: sneerer, scorner} a person who expresses contempt by remarks or facial expression
{n: sourpuss, picklepuss, gloomy Gus, pouter} someone with a habitually sullen or gloomy expression
{n: stiff upper lip} self-restraint in the expression of emotion (especially fear or grief)
"the British like to keep a stiff upper lip"
{n: stone} a lack of feeling or expression or movement
"he must have a heart of stone"
"her face was as hard as stone"
{n: straight face} a serious facial expression giving no evidence of interest or amusement
{n: sublimation} (psychology) modifying the natural expression of an impulse or instinct (especially a sexual one) to one that is socially acceptable
{n: sumpsimus} a correct expression that takes the place of a popular but incorrect expression
"he preferred his erroneous but pleasing mumpsimus to the correct sumpsimus"
{n: superlative} an exaggerated expression (usually of praise)
"the critics lavished superlatives on it"
{n: suppressor, suppresser, suppressor gene, suppresser gene} a gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene (especially of a mutant gene)
{n: sweet nothings, honeyed words} inconsequential expressions of affection
"he whispered sweet nothings into her ear"
{n: syncategorem, syncategoreme} a syncategorematic expression; a word that cannot be used alone as a term in a logical proposition
"logical quantifiers, adverbs, prepositions, and conjunctions are called syncategoremes"
<-> categorem, categoreme
{n: term} a word or expression used for some particular thing
"he learned many medical terms"
{n: thank offering} an offering made as an expression of thanks
{n: thank you} a conversational expression of gratitude
{n: tongue twister} an expression that is difficult to articulate clearly
"`rubber baby buggy bumper' is a tongue twister"
{n: treacle, mush, slop} an expression that is excessively sweet and sentimental
{n: tribute, testimonial} something given or done as an expression of esteem
{n: turn of phrase, turn of expression} a distinctive spoken or written expression
"John's succinct turn of phrase persuaded her that it would not be a good idea"
{n: variable} a symbol (like x or y) that is used in mathematical or logical expressions to represent a variable quantity
{n: vehemence, emphasis} intensity or forcefulness of expression
"the vehemence of his denial"
"his emphasis on civil rights"
{n: vehicle} a medium for the expression or achievement of something
"his editorials provided a vehicle for his political views"
"a congregation is a vehicle of group identity"
"the play was just a vehicle to display her talents"
{n: vocabulary} the system of techniques or symbols serving as a means of expression (as in arts or crafts)
"he introduced a wide vocabulary of techniques"
{n: voice} something suggestive of speech in being a medium of expression
"the wee small voice of conscience"
"the voice of experience"
"he said his voices told him to do it"
{n: vote of confidence} an expression of approval and encouragement
"they gave the chairman a vote of confidence"
{n: washbasin, handbasin, washbowl, lavabo, wash-hand basin} a basin for washing the hands (`wash-hand basin' is a British expression)
{n: way} a general category of things; used in the expression `in the way of'
"they didn't have much in the way of clothing"
{n: well-wishing} an expression of good will from one person to another
"much hand-shaking and well-wishing"
{n: wince} the facial expression of sudden pain
{n: wish, indirect request} an expression of some desire or inclination
"I could tell that it was his wish that the guests leave"
"his crying was an indirect request for attention"
{v: beam} smile radiantly ; express joy through one's facial expression
{v: burst out} give sudden release to an expression
"We burst out laughing"
"'I hate you,' she burst out"
{v: cover, treat, handle, plow, deal, address} deal with verbally or in some form of artistic expression
"This book deals with incest"
"The course covered all of Western Civilization"
"The new book treats the history of China"
{v: emote} give expression or emotion to, in a stage or movie role
{v: express emotion, express feelings} give verbal or other expression to one's feelings
{v: express, show, evince} give expression to
"She showed her disappointment"
{v: fall} assume a disappointed or sad expression
"Her face fell when she heard that she would be laid off"
"his crest fell"
{v: give voice, formulate, word, phrase, articulate} put into words or an expression
"He formulated his concerns to the board of trustees"
{v: intersperse, interlard} introduce one's writing or speech with certain expressions
{v: kiss, buss, osculate} touch with the lips or press the lips (against someone's mouth or other body part) as an expression of love, greeting, etc.
"The newly married couple kissed"
"She kissed her grandfather on the forehead when she entered the room"
{v: leer} look suggestively or obliquely ; look or gaze with a sly, immodest, or malign expression
"The men leered at the young women on the beach"
{v: look} convey by one's expression
"She looked her devotion to me"
{v: look} have a certain outward or facial expression
"How does she look?"
"The child looks unhappy"
"She looked pale after the surgery"
{v: receive, get, find, obtain, incur} receive a specified treatment (abstract)
"These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation"
"His movie received a good review"
"I got nothing but trouble for my good intentions"
{v: reduce} simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another
{v: sentimentalise, sentimentalize, sentimentize, sentimentise} act in a sentimental way or indulge in sentimental thoughts or expression
{v: silence} keep from expression, for example by threats or pressure
"All dissenters were silenced when the dictator assumed power"
{v: smile} change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure
{v: vent, ventilate, give vent} give expression or utterance to
"She vented her anger"
"The graduates gave vent to cheers"
{v: walk out of} leave, usually as an expression of disapproval
{v: walk out} leave suddenly, often as an expression of disapproval
"She walked out on her husband and children"
{v: wear} have in one's aspect ; wear an expression of one's attitude or personality
"He always wears a smile"
His expression hardened with determination, the boy managed five short, unsteady steps.
这孩子表情异常坚定，他用力摇摇晃晃地走了五小步。
My father's expression was passive and hard to read.
父亲的表情则很冷漠，让人琢磨不透。
Beyond that, it is a global expression of cultural modernity.
除此以外，悉尼歌剧院还是文化现代性的一种全球表述。
No answer from the otherwise amazingly useful website OneLook Dictionaries( www.onelook.com), which searches 625 online dictionaries at once, from the AD &D; Dwarven Dictionary all the way to Yiddish Expressions.
在那个平时非常有用的网站 OneLook 辞典（ www.onelook.com ）中并没有找到答案。该网站可以同时搜索 625种网上辞典，从《 AD&DDwarven 辞典》一直到《犹太语惯用语辞典》。
" The human capital we have here is just as valuable as that in Silicon Valley. " he claims. krdl is an expression of the New Economy phenomenon of " incubators " places which nurture start-up technology companies with seed capital, research facilities and management support until they are ready to go out and make it on their own.
他说：这里的人力资源为丰富，硅谷不相上下。 Krdl 是新经济现象中的一个孵化器。这类机构致力于扶植新兴的高科技公司，向其提供原始资本、研究设备以及管理方面的支持，直至其羽翼渐丰，能够独立生存为止。
These features give his characters a perpetually dazed expression, as if they 've been beaten goofy by life's inequities and iniquities. Simply to keep going is an act of heroism.
这些特征给他的作品里的角色赋予了一永恒凝固的表情，似乎它们都已被生活中的不公平、不公正揍傻了，仅仅活下去就是一英雄主义行为。
Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of - and so was crucial in sustaining - the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.
古特曼人令人信服地论辨道，黑人家庭的稳定有助于包括民间传说、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代传递下去，因而在维持文化遗产方面也起着至关重要的作用，而对于这种文化遗产，黑奴们不断地从其非洲和美洲的经历中予以丰富发展。
Long before the Romantics stressed intuition and self-expression, the frenzy of inspiration was regarded as fundamental to art, but philosophers had always assumed it must be controlled by law and by the intellectual power of putting things into harmonious order.
早在浪漫主义艺术家强调直觉和自我表达之前，灵感的癫狂被视作艺术之根本，但哲学家一贯认为，它必须受制于规律法则，受制于那种将万物组织成和谐秩序的理性力量。
They also availed themselves of other forms of expression with metaphorical meaning, some probably original, some derived from Toltec coinages.
此外，他们亦利用了其它带有隐喻含义的表达方式，某些可能是原创的，某些则是从托尔特克语（Toltec）的杜撰中派生而来的。
Used as metaphor, the juxtaposed terms connote specific or essential traits of the being they refer to, introducing a mode of poetry as an almost habitual form of expression.
并置的词语被作为隐喻使用，可表达出它们所指代事物的具体或本质的特征，从而引入诗歌的模式作为一种几乎是习以为常的表达方式。
Jewish law was buttressed by the cohesion of the community, reinforced by pressure from outside; its rules are the direct expression of this feeling of cohesion, tending toward the accommodation of dissent.
犹太教法为社会凝聚力所支持，由于来自外界的压力而得以强化；其法规是这种凝聚力情感的直接表现，倾向于对意见分歧能兼容并蓄。
Canon and Islamic law, on the contrary, were dominated by the dualism of religion and state, where the state was not, in contrast with Judaism, an alien power but the political expression of the same religion.
相反，教规法和伊斯兰法则受到宗教与国家二元性的主宰，这与犹太教（Judaism）构成一种对比，这里，国家并不是一种外部势力，而是同一种宗教在政治上的表达。
spsc-41106500
Protein expression products
蛋白质表达产品
spsc-41106501
Bacterial expression kits
细菌表述工具包
spsc-41106505
Insect expression kits
昆虫表达包
spsc-41106508
Mammalian cell expression kits
哺乳动物细胞表达包
spsc-41106515
Yeast expression kits
酵母表达包
spsc-41106602
Bacterial expression vectors
细菌表达带菌体
spsc-41106606
Expression complementary deoxyribonucleic acid cDNA vectors
表达反转录DNA带菌体DNA
spsc-41106612
Insect expression vectors
昆虫表达带菌体
spsc-41106614
Mammalian cell expression vectors
哺乳动物细胞表述带菌体
spsc-41106618
Recombination mediated cloning or expression products
重组媒介克隆和表达产品
spsc-41106621
Virus mediated expression vectors or kits
病毒调停表达带菌体和包
spsc-41106622
Yeast expression vectors
酵母表达带菌体
F07.0
Organic personality disorder
A disorder characterized by a significant alteration of the habitual patterns of behaviour
displayed by the subject premorbidly, involving the expression of emotions, needs and
impulses. Impairment of cognitive and thought functions, and altered sexuality may also be
PART of the clinical picture.
Organic:
. pseudpsychopathic personality
. pseudoretarded personality
Syndrome:
. frontal lobe
. limbic epilepsy personality
. lobotomy
. postleucotomy
Excludes: enduring personality change after:
. catastrophic experience (F62.0)
. psychiatric illness (F62.1)
postconcussional syndrome (F07.2)
postencephalitic syndrome (F07.1)
specific personality disorder (F60.-)
器质性人格障碍症
此疾患之特徵为病前习性的明显改变。特别是影响
到情绪、需求、与冲动的表现。认知功能的缺陷与
性行为、性欲之变化也许可能是临床之表现。
器质性 ：
． 器质性假性精神病性人格
． 器质性假性迟滞性人格
徵候群 ：
． 额叶徵候群
． 边缘叶癫痫人格徵候群
． 脑叶白质切割徵候群
． 白质切割後遗徵候群
不包含 ：
． 灾难性经验後之永续性人格改变 (F62.0)
． 精神疾病後之永续性人格改变 (F62.1)
脑震汤後徵候群 (F07.2)
脑炎後徵候群 (F07.1)
特殊类别人格障碍症 (F60.-)
F20.5
Residual schizophrenia
A chronic stage in the development of a schizophrenic illness in which there has been a
clear progression from an early stage to a later stage characterized by long-term, though
not necessarily irreversible, "negative" symptoms, e.g. psychomotor slowing;
underactivity; blunting of affect; passivity and lack of initiative; poverty of quantity
or content of speech; poor nonverbal communication by facial expression, eye contact,
voice modulation and posture; poor self-care and social performance.
Chronic undifferentiated schizophrenia
Restzustand (schizophrenic)
Schizophrenic residual state
残馀型精神分裂症
一种慢性期的变化 ， 自早期之进展 （ 其中也有几次
精神病性症状的发作 ， 而且符合上述精神分裂症的
诊断准则 ） ， 到後期以长期性负性症状与功能缺失
为主之临床表。但不一定是不可回复的 ， 这些负性
症状包含精神运动性迟缓、少活动、情感平淡、被
动及缺乏动机、言谈之量与内容贫乏 ， 缺乏非语言
性沟通表达如 ： 脸部表情、眼神接触、声调与姿态
之变化与自我照料及社交表现差。
慢性未分化型精神分裂症
静止状态 (Restzustand)
精神分裂性残馀状态
F44
Dissociative [conversion] disorders
The common themes that are shared by dissociative or conversion disorders are a partial or
complete loss of the normal integration between memories of the past, awareness of
identity and immediate sensations, and control of bodily movements. All types of
dissociative disorders tend to remit after a few weeks or months, particularly if their
onset is associated with a traumatic life event. More chronic disorders, particularly
paralyses and anaesthesias, may develop if the onset is associated with insoluble problems
or interpersonal difficulties. These disorders have previously been classified as various
types of "conversion hysteria". They are presumed to be psychogenic in origin,
being associated closely in time with traumatic events, insoluble and intolerable
problems, or disturbed relationships. The symptoms often represent the patient's concept
of how a physical illness would be manifest. Medical examination and investigation do not
reveal the presence of any known physical or neurological disorder. In addition, there is
evidence that the loss of function is an expression of emotional conflicts or needs. The
symptoms may develop in close relationship to psychological stress, and often appear
suddenly. Only disorders of physical functions normally under voluntary control and loss
of sensations are included here. Disorders involving pain and other complex physical
sensations mediated by the autonomic nervous system are classified under somatization
disorder (F45.0). The possibility of the later appearance of serious physical or
psychiatric disorders should always be kept in mind.
Includes: conversion:
. hysteria
. reaction
hysteria
hysterical psychosis
Excludes: malingering [conscious simulation] (Z76.5)
解离 （ 转化 ） 症
关於解离或转化症 ， 最常讨论到的主题是过去记忆
、个人认同、立即感觉和身体动作控制间的正常统
合功能之部份性或完全性的丧失。所有解离状态都
倾向於数周或数月内恢复 ， 特别是那些在发生时和
创伤性生活事件有密切关连者。较慢性的状态 ， 尤
其是运动瘫痪和知觉麻痹也可能因无解的难题或人
际关系困难而发生。这些疾病过去被分类为不同种
类的 " 转化型歇斯底里症 " ， 这里所描述的解离
症 ， 认为是 ＂ 心因性 ″ 的 ， 和所受冲击的事件、无
法解决或无法忍受的难题、或破裂的人际关系 ， 在
时间上有紧密连接的关系。症状的表现代表患者观
念中所相信疾病应有之表现。医学检查未能发现任
何身体或神经学之疾病。此外 ， 有证据可以说明 ，
身体功能之丧失是情绪冲突或需求之表现。此类症
状之发生与心理压力紧密相关 ， 且常常突然发生。
此处所指身体功能之症状 ， 只包含随处控制者与感
觉功能之丧失。痛感与自律神经相关之复杂感觉 ，
则归类於身体化症 （F45.0） 。在诊断时 ， 一直要注意
， 此病情中有可能会出现严重的身体或精神疾病。
包含 ：
． 转化型歇斯底里症
． 转化反应
歇斯底里症
歇斯底里性精神病症。
不包含 ： 诈病 （ 意识操作 ） （Z76.5） 。
F45.3
Somatoform autonomic dysfunction
Symptoms are presented by the patient as if they were due to a physical disorder of a
system or organ that is largely or completely under autonomic innervation and control,
i.e. the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory and urogenital systems. The
symptoms are usually of two types, neither of which indicates a physical disorder of the
organ or system concerned. First, there are complaints based upon objective signs of
autonomic arousal, such as palpitations, sweating, flushing, tremor, and expression of
fear and distress about the possibility of a physical disorder. Second, there are
subjective complaints of a nonspecific or changing nature such as fleeting aches and
pains, sensations of burning, heaviness, tightness, and feelings of being bloated or
distended, which are referred by the patient to a specific organ or Cardiac neurosis
Da Costa's syndrome
Gastric neurosis
Neurocirculatory asthenia
Psychogenic forms of:
. aerophagy
. cough
. diarrhoea
. dyspepsia
. dysuria
. flatulence
. hiccough
. hyperventilation
. increased frequency of micturition
. irritable bowel syndrome
. pylorospasm
Excludes: psychological and behavioural factors associated with disorders or diseases
classified elsewhere (F54)
自主神经功能拟身体障碍症 ：
这类病人的症状表现与大多或完全由自律神经控制
的系统或器官产生的身体疾患很像 ， 例如心脏血管
、胃肠、呼吸系统及泌尿生殖系统。这些症状分成
两型 ， 均无具身体器质障碍 ： 第一、自主神经高亢
表现之客观身体徵象 ， 如心悸、盗汗、脸红、及颤
抖等 ， 这些症状被患者认定有身体疾病 ， 有感到害
怕与困扰。第二、属於比较非特异性、非特定性的
症状 ， 如短暂的疼痛感、发烧感、沈重感、紧绷及
膨胀扩大感 ； 而病人大多会指出某一系统或器官引
起的疾病。
心脏精神官能症
Da Costa 氏徵候群
胃精神官能症
神经循环虚弱
心因性 ：
． 吞气症
． 咳嗽
． 下痢
． 消化不良
． 解尿困难
． 肠气
． 打嗝
． 过度换气症
． 频尿
． 肠道快速蠕动症
． 幽门痉挛
不包含 ： 与他处已归类疾患相关的心理及行为因素
（F54） 。
F48.1
Depersonalization-derealization syndrome
A rare disorder in which the patient complains spontaneously that his or her mental
activity, body, and surroundings are changed in their quality, so as to be unreal, remote,
or automatized. Among the varied phenomena of the syndrome, patients complain most
frequently of loss of emotions and feelings of estrangement or detachment from their
thinking, their body, or the real world. In spite of the dramatic nature of the
experience, the patient is aware of the unreality of the change. The sensorium is normal
and the capacity for emotional expression intact. Depersonalization-derealization symptoms
may occur as part of a diagnosable schizophrenic, depressive, phobic, or
obsessive-compulsive disorder. In such cases the diagnosis should be that of the main
disorder.
失我 － 失实徵候群 ：
一种疾患 ， 病人会抱怨在他自己精神活动、身体及
或周遭环境的性质有改变 ， 变得失真、变远或自动
化。此徵候群之众多症状中 ， 最常呈现之症状是情
绪丧失、与思考、身体、周边真实世界隔离感或疏
远之感觉。虽然此经验是戏剧性性质 ， 患者明知此
变化之非真实性。意识清醒、情绪表现正常。失我
－ 失实症状可发生於忧郁症、畏惧症、强迫症或精
神分裂症 ， 此时後者仍需列为主要诊断。
Disorders of adult personality and
behaviour (F60-F69)
This block includes a variety of conditions and behaviour patterns of clinical
significance which tend to be persistent and appear to be the expression of the
individual's characteristic lifestyle and mode of relating to himself or herself and
others. Some of these conditions and patterns of behaviour emerge early in the course of
individual development, as a result of both constitutional factors and social experience,
while others are acquired later in life. Specific personality disorders (F60.-), mixed and
other personality disorders (F61.-), and enduring personality changes (F62.-) are deeply
ingrained and enduring behaviour patterns, manifesting as inflexible responses to a broad
range of personal and social situations. They represent extreme or significant deviations
from the way in which the average individual in a given culture perceives, thinks, feels
and, particularly, relates to others. Such behaviour patterns tend to be stable and to
encompass multiple domains of behaviour and psychological functioning. They are
frequently, but not always, associated with various degrees of subjective distress and
problems of social performance.
成人人格与行为违常 (F60-F69)
这一节包含了各种较具有临床意义之状态及行为模
式 ， 它们倾向於较具持久性 ， 表现出个人生活型态
之特徵以及个人与他人之应对模式。上述这些有意
义的状态及行为模式 ， 有些是在个体发展的早期就
表现出来 ， 可说是体质因素和社会经验的结果 ； 然
而其馀则是在个体生命的後期方形成的 ， 无论是特
定人格障碍症、混合型与其他人格障碍症及持续的
人格改变 ， 都是根深蒂固持续的行为模式。显示出
他们对个人的与对社会情境采取较僵化的反应。他
们与相同文化 ， 思想 ， 经验的一般大众比较之下显
示有极大差异 ， 这些行为模式倾向於固定 ， 而且表
现在多方面的行为及心理功能上。经常会造成个案
本人痛苦 ， 以及其社会功能表现的问题。
F60.4
Histrionic personality disorder expression of emotions, suggestibility, egocentricity, self-indulgence, lack of consideration for others, easily hurt feelings, and continuous seeking for appreciation, excitement and attention. Personality (disorder):
. hysterical
. psyco infantile
剧化性人格违常
此种人格违常之特质为肤浅而不稳定的情感状态 ，
戏剧化的 ， 夸大的情绪表现 ， 易受暗示 ， 自我中心
取向 ， 自我放纵 ， 不为他人作考虑 ， 易有被伤害的
感受 ， 渴望被重视 ， 被注意及刺激感。
人格 （ 违常 ） ：
． 歇斯底里的人格违常
． 精神幼稚性人格违常
bacteriophage surface expression system 噬菌体表面表达系统
basal expression 基础表达，基态表达
cloning by expression 表达克隆
constitutive expression 组成型表达
controlled expression 受控表达，可控表达
developmentally regulated expression 由发育（所）调节的表达
differential expression 差异表达
ectopic expression 异位表达
eukaryotic expression 真核（生物的）表达
expression cloning 表达克隆[通过进行基因表达而克隆目的基因的方法]
expression library 表达文库
expression plasmid 表达质粒
inducible expression 诱导型表达
Re-expression 重新表达
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