drug [ drʌg] n.药，药物，药材
drug [drʌg] n. 药,药物;毒品
冰毒 "ice, popular name for methamphetamine hydrochloride, a deadly addictive stimulant drug"
毒枭 drug trafficker
黄、赌、毒 "pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking "
戒毒所 drug rehabilitation center
药物检查 "dope control, drug testing"
Drug Store, Pharmacy 药店
Drug store 药店
反毒斗争 Anti-drug Battle
艾滋病药物协助计划 AIDS drug assistance program (ADAP)
伴随药物 concomitant drugs
静脉注射药物 intravenous (IV) drug
求助于毒品 to turn to drugs
吸毒者 drug takers
药物抗性 drug resistance
AIDS drug assistance program (ADAP) 艾滋病药物协助计划
concomitant drugs 伴随药物
drug resistance 药物抗性
drug takers 吸毒者
intravenous (IV) drug 静脉注射药物
to turn to drugs 求助于毒品
国家药品监督管理局 State Drug Administration (SDA)
These drugs are powerful.
这些药物很有效。
The policeman was known as a drug buster.
这位警察被称作毒贩克星。
Drug researcher says the new medicine would help put an end to the epidemic.
药物专家说这种新药有助于消灭这种流行病。
After evaluating the patient's condition, the doctor decided to try a new drug.
对病人的病情进行检查以后，医生决定试用一种新药。
The school is now providing a service to counsel students with drug problems.
学校向有吸毒问题的学生提供咨询服务。
Drug and alcohol are sometimes used as an escape mechanism.
吸毒和酗酒有时被当作逃避（现实）的方法。
When the runner was found to have taken drugs, he was stripped of his gold medal.
一旦获得金牌的运动员被发现服用了违禁药物，他的金牌立即被没收。
People are worried about the government’s indifferent attitude toward drug dealing.
人们因政府在毒品交易问题上所表现出的漠不关心的态度而感到担心。
The police are launching a major attack on drug dealers.
警方对毒品贩子发动了大规模的攻击。
junkie吸毒者
The junkie stole money in order to buy more drugs.
这名吸毒者为了买更多的毒品而偷钱。
- kick the habit 戒除恶习
You are doomed to be broke one day if you don't kick the drug habit.
- Throw in the towel 认输
She tried to save their marriage by talking her husband out of taking drugs. But she finally threw in the towel.
You'd like to know something about the packing of the drugs. Is that right?
您想了解药品的包装情况，对吗？
The unique design of the packing will help you promote the sale of drugs.
独特的包装将有助于我们推销这些药品。
毒贩 [dú fàn] /drugs trade/
毒品 [dú pǐn] /drugs/narcotics/poison/
毒瘾 [dú yǐn] /drug addiction/
犯毒 [fàn dú] /illegal drug/narcotic/
禁毒 [jìn dú] /drug prohibition/
静脉吸毒 [jìng mài xī dú] /intravenous drug/IV drug/
抗药性 [kàng yào xìng] /resistance to action of a drug/
配药 [pèi yào] /dispense (drugs)/prescribe/
伟哥 [wěi gē] /Viagra (male impotence drug)/
吸毒 [xī dú] /to take drugs/
摇头丸 [yáo tóu wán] /Ecstasy/MDMA/drug/
药 [yào] /medicine/drug/cure/
药材 [yào cái] /(n) drug ingredients/
药品 [yào pǐn] /medicaments/medicine/drug/
药物 [yào wù] /medicaments/pharmaceuticals/medication/medicine/drug/
瘾君子 [yǐn jūn zǐ] /opium eater/drug addict/chain smoker/
制药厂 [zhì yào chǎng] /pharmaceutical company/drugs manufacturing factory/
George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death.
波士顿大学健康法律系主任乔治·安纳斯坚持认为，只要医生是出于合理的医疗目的开药，那么即使服用此药会加速病人的死亡，医生的行为也没有违法。
"It's like surgery," he says. "We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you're a physician, you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide."
“这就像做手术，”他说，“我们不能称那些死亡为杀人是因为医生并没有想杀死病人，尽管他们敢冒病人死亡的危险。假定你是一名医生，只要你并没有想让病人自杀，你就可以去冒你的病人自杀的风险。”
While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.
虽然警示语常常是合理而必要的，如对药物副作用而产生的危险的警示语，并且很多是州或联邦法规所要求的，但是当消费者受伤，这些警示语能否真正保护制造商和销售商使之免于责任，这还很难说。
Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug.
从专业角度说，除食品外，任何能改变我们生理和心理机能的物质都是药物。
Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts.
很多人错误地认为“药物”这个词仅仅指某些药品或是吸毒者服用的违禁化学品。
They don't realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs.
他们没有意识到诸如酒精、烟草这些我们熟悉的物质也是药物。
This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists.
这也是现在许多内科医生和心理学家使用“物质”这个更加中性的词的原因。
The phrase "substance abuse" is often used instead of "drug abuse" to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.
他们常用“物质滥用”而不用“药物滥用”来清楚表明滥用酒精、烟草这样的物质如同滥用海洛因和可卡因一样有害。
We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.
我们生活在一个物质（药物）在医疗和社交方面的使用都很广泛的社会里：用来缓解头痛的阿斯匹林，用来应酬的酒，早晨用来提神的咖啡，还有定神用的香烟。
Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances.
影响中枢神经系统、改变感知觉和行为的药物（物质）属于对神经起显著作用的物质，
Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogen.
它们通常分为兴奋剂、镇静剂和幻觉剂。
Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down.
Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception, distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations.
兴奋剂主要起到加速或激活中枢神经系统的作用，而镇静剂则相反：减缓它的活动。幻觉剂主要影响人的感知，通过多种方式对感知加以扭曲或改变，其中包括产生幻觉。
These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning "mind-manifestation") because they seemed to radically alter one's state of consciousness.
这些物质常被认为能“引起幻觉”（psychedelic一词源于希腊语，意为“心灵显现”），因为它们似乎能改变人的意识状态。
{adj: Colombian} of or relating to or characteristic of Colombia or its people
"Colombian drug dealers"
{adj: Malaysian, Malayan} of or relating to or characteristic of Malaysia
"Malaysian police crack down hard on drug smugglers"
"Malayan crocodiles"
{adj: abused} used improperly or excessively especially drugs
"an abused substance"
{adj: addictive, habit-forming} causing or characterized by addiction
"addictive drugs"
"addictive behavior"
<-> nonaddictive
{adj: analeptic} stimulating the central nervous system
"an analeptic drug stimulates the central nervous system"
{adj: analgesic, analgetic, anodyne} capable of relieving pain
"the anodyne properties of certain drugs"
"an analgesic effect"
{adj: anorectic, anorexigenic} causing loss of appetite
"an anorectic (or anorexigenic) drug"
{adj: antagonistic, incompatible} used especially of drugs or muscles that counteract or neutralize each other's effect
<-> synergistic
{adj: antibiotic} of or relating to antibiotic drugs
{adj: anticancer, antineoplastic, antitumor, antitumour} used in the treatment of cancer
"anticancer drug"
"an antineoplastic effect"
{adj: anticholinergic} inhibiting or blocking the action of acetylcholine at a receptor site
"anticholinergic drugs"
<-> cholinergic
{adj: antithyroid} having the effect of counteracting excessive thyroid activity
"antithyroid drugs"
{adj: clean} free of drugs
"after a long dependency on heroin she has been clean for 4 years"
{adj: countywide} occurring or extending throughout a county
"a countywide war on drugs"
"countywide elections"
{adj: delusive, false} inappropriate to reality or facts
"delusive faith in a wonder drug"
"delusive expectations"
"false hopes"
{adj: dependent, dependant, drug-addicted, hooked, strung-out} addicted to a drug
{adj: dissociable, separable, severable} capable of being divided or dissociated
"often drugs and crime are not dissociable"
"the siamese twins were not considered separable"
"a song...never conceived of as severable from the melody";
{adj: doped, drugged, narcotized, narcotised} under the influence of narcotics
"knocked out by doped wine"
"a drugged sleep"
"were under the effect of the drugged sweets"
"in a stuperous narcotized state"
{adj: drug-free} characteristic of a person not taking illegal drugs or of a place where no illegal drugs are used
{adj: drugless} without the use of drugs
"drugless therapy"
{adj: excitant, excitative, excitatory} (of drugs e.g.) able to excite or stimulate
{adj: experimental} of the nature of or undergoing an experiment
"an experimental drug"
{adj: generic} (of drugs) not protected by trademark
"`Acetaminophen' is the generic form of the proprietary drug `Tylenol'"
{adj: hallucinogenic} capable of producing hallucinations
"LSD is a powerful hallucinogenic drug"
{adj: high, mellow} slightly and pleasantly intoxicated from alcohol or a drug (especially marijuana)
{adj: inefficient} not producing desired results; wasteful
"an inefficient campaign against drugs"
"outdated and inefficient design and methods"
<-> efficient
{adj: infested, overrun, plagued} (often followed by `with' or used in combination) troubled by or encroached upon in large numbers
"waters infested with sharks"
"shark-infested waters"
"the locust-overrun countryside"
"drug-plagued streets"
{adj: injectable} (used of drugs) capable of being injected
<-> uninjectable
{adj: insensible, senseless} unresponsive to stimulation
"he lay insensible where he had fallen"
"drugged and senseless"
{adj: medicative, medicinal} having the properties of medicine
"medicative drugs"
"medicinal herbs"
"medicinal properties"
{adj: mind-altering} producing mood changes or distorted perception
"hallucinogenic drugs are mind-altering substances"
{adj: mind-expanding} (of hallucinogenic drugs) giving a sense of heightened or broader awareness
{adj: miotic, myotic} of or relating to or causing constriction of the pupil of the eye
"a miotic drug"
{adj: misbranded, mislabeled} branded or labeled falsely and in violation of statutory requirements
"confiscated the misbranded drugs"
{adj: multiplex} having many parts or aspects
"the multiplex problem of drug abuse"
{adj: multipotent} able to many things
"multipotent drugs"
{adj: narcotic, narcotizing, narcotising} inducing stupor or narcosis
"narcotic drugs"
{adj: nonprescription, over-the-counter} purchasable without a doctor's prescription
"nonprescription drugs"
"an over-the-counter cold remedy"
<-> prescription
{adj: optimum, optimal} most desirable possible under a restriction expressed or implied
"an optimum return on capital"
"optimal concentration of a drug"
{adj: ototoxic} toxic to the organs of hearing or balance or to the auditory nerve
"some drugs are ototoxic"
{adj: parasympathomimetic} having an effect similar to that resulting from stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system
"parasympathomimetic drugs slow the heart rate"
{adj: pharmaceutical} of or relating to drugs used in medical treatment
{adj: powerful} having great power or force or potency or effect
"the most powerful government in western Europe"
"his powerful arms"
"a powerful bomb"
"the horse's powerful kick"
"powerful drugs"
"a powerful argument"
<-> powerless
{adj: prescription} available only with a doctor's written prescription
"a prescription drug"
<-> nonprescription
{adj: preventive, preventative, prophylactic} preventing or contributing to the prevention of disease
"preventive medicine"
"vaccines are prophylactic"
"a prophylactic drug"
{adj: produced} that is caused by
"if...such a change is produced by...insulin comas or electroshocks"
"the emotional states produced by this drug"
{adj: progestational} of or relating to progesterone (or to a drug with effects like those of progesterone)
{adj: proprietary} protected by trademark or patent or copyright; made or produced or distributed by one having exclusive rights
"`Tylenol' is a proprietary drug of which `acetaminophen' is the generic form"
<-> nonproprietary
{adj: psychedelic} producing distorted sensory perceptions and feelings or altered states of awareness or sometimes states resembling psychosis
"psychedelic drugs like psilocybin and mescaline"
{adj: psychoactive, psychotropic} affecting the mind or mood or other mental processes
"psychoactive drugs"
<-> nonpsychoactive
{adj: relaxant} tending to relax or relieve muscular or nervous tension
"a relaxant drug"
{adj: sedated} under the influence of a sedative drug
{adj: spaced-out, spacy, spacey} stupefied by (or as if by) some narcotic drug
{adj: spaced-out} confused or disoriented as if intoxicated through taking a drug
{adj: synergistic, interactive} used especially of drugs or muscles that work together so the total effect is greater than the sum of the two (or more)
<-> antagonistic
{adj: time-release} of or relating to a preparation that gradually releases an active substance (especially a drug) over a period of time
{adj: topical} pertaining to the surface of a body part
"a drug for topical (or local) application"
"a topical anesthesia"
{adj: uninjectable} (used of drugs) not capable of being injected
<-> injectable
{adj: unmedicinal, unmedicative, unmedical, nonmedicinal} not having a medicinal effect or not medically prescribed
"he took mind-altering drugs for nonmedicinal reasons"
{adj: untested, untried} not yet proved or subjected to testing
"an untested drug"
"untested theory"
"an untried procedure"
{adv: alertly} in an alert manner
"she got through the day alertly, despite being on drugs"
{adv: benignly, benignantly} in a benign manner
"this drug is benignly soporific"
{adv: chaotically} in a wild and confused manner
"the drugged man was talking chaotically"
{adv: generically} without a trademark or brand name
"we market these drugs generically"
{adv: insidiously, perniciously} in a harmfully insidious manner
"these drugs act insidiously"
{adv: intramuscularly} in an intramuscular way
"administer the drug intramuscularly"
{adv: orally, by mouth} (of drugs) through the mouth rather than through injection
"he was administered the drug orally"
{adv: parenterally} by parenteral means
"the drug is intended to be administered parenterally"
{adv: so far, yet} used after a superlative
"this is the best so far"
"the largest drug bust yet"
{adv: synergistically} (of drugs or muscles) in a synergistic or interactive manner
{adv: synthetically} by synthesis; in a synthetic manner
"some of these drugs have been derived from opium and others have been produced synthetically"
{n: ACE inhibitor, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor} antihypertensive drug that blocks the formation of angiotensin in the kidney, leading to relaxation of the arteries; promotes the excretion of salt and water by inhibiting the activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme; also used to treat congestive heart failure
{n: APC} a drug combination found in some over-the-counter headache remedies (aspirin and phenacetin and caffeine)
{n: Actifed} trade name for a drug containing an antihistamine and a decongestant; used to treat upper respiratory conditions and minor allergies
{n: Adam, ecstasy, XTC, go, disco biscuit, cristal, X, hug drug} street names for methylenedioxymethamphetamine
{n: Apocynaceae, family Apocynaceae, dogbane family} chiefly tropical trees or shrubs or herbs having milky juice and often showy flowers; many are sources of drugs
{n: Bureau of Justice Assistance, BJA} the bureau in the Department of Justice that assists local criminal justice systems to reduce or prevent crime and violence and drug abuse
{n: Burroughs, William Burroughs, William S. Burroughs, William Seward Burroughs} United States writer noted for his works portraying the life of drug addicts (1914-1997)
{n: Cali cartel} a drug cartel that seized control of cocaine production in Colombia in 1993; adopted techniques used by terrorist organizations (small cells and sophisticated communications equipment and close ties with politicians etc.)
{n: Commission on Narcotic Drugs} the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with drug traffic
{n: Cox-2 inhibitor} an anti-inflammatory drug that blocks Cox-2 activity without impeding the activity of Cox-1
"Cox-2 inhibitors reduce the symptoms of arthritis without endangering the stomach and kidneys"
{n: Dimetapp} trade name for a drug containing an antihistamine and a decongestant; used to relieve nasal congestion and to treat rhinitis
{n: Drixoral} the trade name for a drug used to treat upper respiratory congestion; it contains an antihistamine and a bronchodilator and a vasoconstrictor
{n: Drug Enforcement Administration, Drug Enforcement Agency, DEA} federal agency responsible for enforcing laws and regulations governing narcotics and controlled substances; goal is to immobilize drug trafficking organizations
{n: Emetrol} trade name for an antiemetic drug that has a mint flavor
{n: Fentanyl, Sublimaze} trade names of a narcotic analgesic that can be inhaled and that acts on the central nervous system and may become addictive; used as a veterinary anesthetic and with other drugs before, during, and after surgery; also used as a nonlethal gas to incapacitate people in hostage situations; also abused as a recreational drug
{n: Feosol} trade name of a drug rich in iron; used to treat some kinds of anemia
{n: Fergon} trade name of a drug rich in iron; used to treat some types of anemia
{n: Food and Drug Administration, FDA} a federal agency in the Department of Health and Human Services established to regulate the release of new foods and health-related products
{n: Hitchings, George Herbert Hitchings} United States biochemist noted for developing drugs to treat leukemia and gout (born in 1905)
{n: Islamic Group of Uzbekistan, IMU, Islamic Party of Turkestan} a terrorist group of Islamic militants formed in 1996; opposes Uzbekistan's secular regime and wants to establish an Islamic state in central Asia; is a conduit for drugs from Afghanistan to central Asian countries
{n: Jamaica quassia, bitterwood, Picrasma excelsa, Picrasma excelsum} West Indian tree yielding the drug Jamaica quassia
{n: Joplin, Janis Joplin} United States singer who died of a drug overdose at the height of her popularity (1943-1970)
{n: Kaopectate} trade name for a fixed-combination antidiarrheal drug that use kaolin as the adsorbent and pectin as the emollient
{n: L-dopa, levodopa, Bendopa, Brocadopa, Larodopa} the levorotatory form of dopa (trade names Bendopa and Brocadopa and Larodopa); as a drug it is used to treat Parkinson's disease
{n: Leary, Tim Leary, Timothy Leary, Timothy Francis Leary} United States psychologist who experimented with psychoactive drugs (including LSD) and became a well-known advocate of their use (1920-1996)
{n: Maxzide} trade name for an antihypertensive drug containing hydrochlorothiazide and another diuretic
{n: Medellin cartel} a drug cartel in Colombia; controlled the production of cocaine from the 1970s until 1993 when the leader was killed
{n: National Liberation Army, ELN} a Marxist terrorist group formed in 1963 by Colombian intellectuals who were inspired by the Cuban Revolution; responsible for a campaign of mass kidnappings and resistance to the government's efforts to stop the drug trade
"ELN kidnappers target foreign employees of large corporations"
{n: Neosporin} trade name for a topical drug containing several antibacterials; used as an ointment for skin irritations and in the form of eyedrops for minor eye infections
{n: People against Gangsterism and Drugs, PAGAD} a terrorist organization in South Africa formed in 1996 to fight drug lords; evolved into a vigilante group with anti Western views closely allied with Qibla; is believed to have ties to Islamic extremists in the Middle East; is suspected of conducting bouts of urban terrorism
{n: R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, rope, roofy, roach, forget me drug, circle} street names for flunitrazepan
{n: Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarios de Colombia, FARC} a powerful and wealthy terrorist organization formed in 1957 as the guerilla arm of the Colombian communist party; opposed to the United States; has strong ties to drug dealers
{n: Tenoretic} trade name for an antihypertensive drug consisting of a fixed combination of atenolol and a diuretic
{n: Triple Frontier} the border area where Argentina and Brazil and Paraguay meet; an active South American center for contraband and drug trafficking and money laundering; a suspected locale for Islamic extremist groups
{n: Ulster Defense Association, UDA} the major Protestant paramilitary group in Northern Ireland; responsible for bombing the homes of Catholics and for criminal racketeering and selling drugs
{n: United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention, DCCP} an agency of the United Nations that promotes drug control and crime prevention
{n: abortifacient, aborticide, abortion-inducing drug} a drug (or other chemical agent) that causes abortion
{n: abortion pill, mifepristone, RU 486} an abortion-inducing drug (trade name RU_486) developed in France; when taken during the first five weeks of pregnancy it blocks the action of progesterone so that the uterus sloughs off the embryo
{n: acetaldehyde, ethanal} a colorless volatile water-soluble liquid aldehyde used chiefly in manufacture of acetic acid and perfumes and drugs
{n: acetum} a dilute solution of acetic acid that is used as a solvent (e.g. for a drug)
{n: active placebo} a placebo used in experimental tests of a drug that has noticeable side effects
"an active placebo mimics the side effects of the experimental drug"
{n: active transport} transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires an expenditure of energy
{n: acute brain disorder, acute organic brain syndrome} any disorder (as sudden confusion or disorientation) in an otherwise normal person that is due to reversible (temporary) impairment of brain tissues (as by head injuries or drugs or infection)
{n: acyclovir, Zovirax} an oral antiviral drug (trade name Zovirax) used to treat genital herpes; does not cure the disease but relieves the symptoms
{n: addiction, dependence, dependance, dependency, habituation} being abnormally tolerant to and dependent on something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming (especially alcohol or narcotic drugs)
{n: adrenergic, adrenergic drug} drug that has the effects of epinephrine
{n: aftereffect} a delayed effect of a drug or therapy
"the drug had unexpected aftereffects"
{n: agonist} (biochemistry) a drug that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction
{n: agranulocytosis, agranulosis, granulocytopenia} an acute blood disorder (often caused by radiation or drug therapy) characterized by severe reduction in granulocytes
{n: alkalating agent} an antineoplastic drug used to treat some forms of cancer
{n: allopurinol, Zyloprim} a drug (trade name Zyloprim) used to treat gout and other conditions in which there is an excessive buildup of uric acid
{n: alopecia} loss of hair (especially on the head) or loss of wool or feathers; in humans it can result from heredity or hormonal imbalance or certain diseases or drugs and treatments (chemotherapy for cancer)
{n: alpha blocker, alpha-blocker, alpha-adrenergic blocker, alpha-adrenergic blocking agent} any of various drugs that block alpha-adrenergic receptors; used in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia; relaxes the muscles of the prostate and bladder
{n: alternative medicine} the practice of medicine without the use of drugs; may involve herbal medicines or self-awareness or biofeedback or acupuncture
{n: amiodarone, Cordarone} an antiarrhythmic drug (trade name Cordarone) that has potentially fatal side effects and is used to control serious heart rhythm problems only when safer agents have been ineffective
{n: amitriptyline, amitriptyline hydrochloride, Elavil} a tricyclic antidepressant drug (trade name Elavil) with serious side effects; interacts with many other medications
{n: amrinone, Inocor} a drug (trade name Inocor) used intravenously in heart failure; increases strength of contraction of myocardium
{n: anaphylaxis} hypersensitivity reaction to the ingestion or injection of a substance (a protein or drug) resulting from prior contact with a substance
{n: anesthetic, anaesthetic, anesthetic agent, anaesthetic agent} a drug that causes temporary loss of bodily sensations
{n: angiogenesis inhibitor} a drug that is designed to prevent the growth of blood vessels that nourish tumors
{n: announcement, proclamation, annunciation, declaration} a formal public statement
"the government made an announcement about changes in the drug war"
"a declaration of independence"
{n: antagonist} a drug that neutralizes or counteracts the effects of another drug
<-> synergist
{n: anti-TNF compound} a class of drugs that block the action of tumor necrosis factor (TNF); used in cases of rheumatoid arthritis because TNF instigates inflammation of the joints
{n: anti-drug law} a law forbidding the sale or use of narcotic drugs
{n: anti-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory drug} a medicine intended to reduce inflammation
{n: antiarrhythmic, antiarrhythmic drug, antiarrhythmic medication} a drug used to treat an abnormal heart rhythm
{n: antibacterial, antibacterial drug, bactericide} any drug that destroys bacteria or inhibits their growth
{n: antibiotic, antibiotic drug} a chemical substance derivable from a mold or bacterium that kills microorganisms and cures infections
"when antibiotics were first discovered they were called wonder drugs"
{n: anticholinergic, anticholinergic drug} a substance that opposes or blocks the action of acetylcholine
{n: anticoagulation} the administration of an anticoagulant drug to retard coagulation of the blood
{n: anticonvulsant, anticonvulsant drug, antiepileptic, antiepileptic drug} a drug used to treat or prevent convulsions (as in epilepsy)
{n: antidepressant, antidepressant drug} any of a class of drugs used to treat depression; often have undesirable side effects
{n: antidiabetic, antidiabetic drug} a drug used to treat diabetes mellitus
{n: antidiarrheal, antidiarrheal drug} a drug used to control or stop diarrhea
{n: antidiuretic, antidiuretic drug} a drug that limits the formation of urine
{n: antiemetic, antiemetic drug} a drug that prevents or alleviates nausea and vomiting
{n: antihypertensive, antihypertensive drug} a drug that reduces high blood pressure
{n: antimalarial, antimalarial drug} a medicinal drug used to prevent or treat malaria
{n: antimetabolite} an antineoplastic drug that inhibits the utilization of a metabolite
{n: antineoplastic antibiotic} an antibiotic drug used as an antineoplastic in chemotherapy
{n: antineoplastic, antineoplastic drug, cancer drug} any of several drugs that control or kill neoplastic cells; used in chemotherapy to kill cancer cells; all have unpleasant side effects that may include nausea and vomiting and hair loss and suppression of bone marrow function
{n: antiprotozoal, antiprotozoal drug} a medicinal drug used to fight diseases (like malaria) that are caused by protozoa
{n: antispasmodic, spasmolytic, antispasmodic agent} a drug used to relieve or prevent spasms (especially of the smooth muscles)
{n: antisyphilitic} a drug (or other chemical agent) that is effective against syphilis
{n: antiviral, antiviral agent, antiviral drug} any drug that destroys viruses
{n: aphrodisiac} a drug or other agent that stimulates sexual desire
{n: arsenical} a pesticide or drug containing arsenic
{n: asparaginase, Elspar} antineoplastic drug (trade name Elspar) sometimes used to treat lymphoblastic leukemia
{n: aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid, Bayer, Empirin, St. Joseph} the acetylated derivative of salicylic acid; used as an analgesic anti-inflammatory drug (trade names Bayer and Empirin) usually taken in tablet form; used as an antipyretic; slows clotting of the blood by poisoning platelets
{n: assay} a quantitative or qualitative test of a substance (especially an ore or a drug) to determine its components; frequently used to test for the presence or concentration of infectious agents or antibodies etc.
{n: astringent, astringent drug, styptic} a drug that causes contraction of body tissues and canals
{n: atorvastatin, Lipitor} an oral drug (trade name Lipitor) that is effective in lowering triglycerides; potent in reducing LDL cholesterol because higher doses can be given
{n: aversion therapy} any technique of behavior modification that uses unpleasant stimuli in a controlled fashion to alter behavior in a therapeutic way; primarily used for alcoholism or drug abuse (but with little success)
{n: azathioprine, Imuran} an immunosuppressive drug (trade name Imuran) used to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ
{n: barbituric acid, malonylurea} a white crystalline acid derived from pyrimidine; used in preparing barbiturate drugs
{n: beat generation, beats, beatniks} a United States youth subculture of the 1950s; rejected possessions or regular work or traditional dress; for communal living and psychedelic drugs and anarchism; favored modern forms of jazz (e.g., bebop)
{n: beta blocker, beta-adrenergic blocker, beta-adrenergic blocking agent} any of various drugs used in treating hypertension or arrhythmia; decreases force and rate of heart contractions by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors of the autonomic nervous system
{n: blocker, blocking agent} a class of drugs that inhibit (block) some biological process
{n: botanical} a drug made from part of a plant (as the bark or root or leaves)
{n: brand-name drug, proprietary drug} a drug that has a trade name and is protected by a patent (can be produced and sold only by the company holding the patent)
<-> generic drug
{n: bromide} any of the salts of hydrobromic acid; formerly used as a sedative but now generally replaced by safer drugs
{n: bronchodilator} a drug that relaxes and dilates the bronchial passageways and improves the passages of air into the lungs
{n: bummer} a bad reaction to a hallucinogenic drug
{n: buspirone, BuSpar} a drug (trade name BuSpar) designed specifically for anxiety
{n: butyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite} a colorless pungent liquid sometimes used as a stimulant drug by drug abusers
{n: buy-and-bust operation} an undercover operation by narcotics detectives to catch unsuspecting drug dealers
{n: calcium blocker, calcium-channel blocker} any of a class of drugs that block the flow of the electrolyte calcium (either in nerve cell conduction or smooth muscle contraction of the heart); has been used in the treatment of angina or arrhythmia or hypertension or migraine
{n: cannabis, hemp} any plant of the genus Cannabis; a coarse bushy annual with palmate leaves and clusters of small green flowers; yields tough fibers and narcotic drugs
{n: cannabis, marijuana, marihuana, ganja} the most commonly used illicit drug; considered a soft drug, it consists of the dried leaves of the hemp plant; smoked or chewed for euphoric effect
{n: capital} a center that is associated more than any other with some activity or product
"the crime capital of Italy"
"the drug capital of Columbia"
{n: captopril, Capoten} a drug (trade name Capoten) that blocks the formation of angiotensin in the kidneys resulting in vasodilation; used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure
{n: cerivastatin, Baycol} an oral drug (trade name Baycol) to reduce blood cholesterol levels
{n: chloral hydrate} a colorless crystalline drug used as a sedative; irritates the stomach and can be addictive
{n: chloroquine} an antimalarial drug used to treat malaria and amebic dysentery and systemic lupus erythematosus
{n: chlorothiazide, Diuril} a diuretic drug (trade name Diuril) used in the treatment of edema and hypertension
{n: chlorpromazine, Thorazine} a drug (trade name Thorazine) derived from phenothiazine that has antipsychotic effects and is used as a sedative and tranquilizer
{n: cimetidine, Tagamet} a drug (trade name Tagamet) used to treat peptic ulcers by decreasing the secretion of stomach acid
{n: cinchonine} an alkaloid derivative of the bark of cinchona trees that is used as an antimalarial drug
{n: clinical trial, clinical test} a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use
{n: clofibrate, Atromid-S} a drug (trade name Atromid-S) that reduces lipids in the blood serum; used to treat some cardiovascular diseases
{n: clomiphene, clomiphene citrate, Clomid} a fertility drug (trade name Clomid) that is used to stimulate ovulation and that has been associated with multiple births
{n: clomipramine} a tricyclic antidepressant drug
{n: clozapine, Clozaril} an antipsychotic drug (trade name Clozaril) used as a sedative and for treatment-resistant schizophrenia; know to have few side effects
{n: club drug} a controlled substance that is usually taken by young people at dance clubs and raves
{n: colchine} an analgesic drug derived from the saffron plant and used to treat gout
{n: cold turkey} complete and abrupt withdrawal of all addictive drugs or anything else on which you have become dependent
"he quit smoking cold turkey"
"she quit her job cold turkey"
{n: common foxglove, fairy bell, fingerflower, finger-flower, fingerroot, finger-root, Digitalis purpurea} tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock
{n: contraception, contraceptive method} birth control by the use of devices (diaphragm or intrauterine device or condom) or drugs or surgery
{n: contraindication} (medicine) a reason that makes it inadvisable to prescribe a particular drug or employ a particular procedure or treatment
<-> indication
{n: controlled substance} a drug or chemical substance whose possession and use are controlled by law
{n: corticosteroid, corticoid, adrenal cortical steroid} a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex or synthesized; administered as drugs they reduce swelling and decrease the body's immune response
"adrenal cortical steroids are used to treat many different conditions"
{n: crisis intervention} psychotherapy that focuses on acute critical situations (depressive episodes or attempted suicides or drug overdoses) with the aim of restoring the person to the level of functioning before the crisis
{n: crutch} anything that serves as an expedient
"he uses drugs as a psychological crutch"
{n: culture} the attitudes and behavior that are characteristic of a particular social group or organization
"the developing drug culture"
"the reason that the agency is doomed to inaction has something to do with the FBI culture"
{n: cytotoxic drug} any drug that has a toxic effect on cells; commonly used in chemotherapy to inhibit the proliferation of cancerous cells
{n: dapsone} antibacterial drug used to treat leprosy and some kinds of skin diseases
{n: deck} street name for a packet of illegal drugs
{n: decoction} (pharmacology) the extraction by boiling of water-soluble drug substances
{n: decongestant} a drug that decreases pulmonary congestion
{n: designer drug} a psychoactive drug deliberately synthesized to avoid anti-drug laws; mimics the effects of a banned drug; law was revised in 1986 to ban designer drugs
{n: despiramine} a tricyclic antidepressant drug that activates the psychomotor system
{n: detoxification} a treatment for addiction to drugs or alcohol intended to remove the physiological effects of the addictive substances
{n: dexamethasone, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dexone, Hexadrol, Oradexon} a corticosteroid drug (trade names Decadron or Dexamethasone Intensol or Dexone or Hexadrol or Oradexon) used to treat allergies or inflammation
{n: diazepam, Valium} a tranquilizer (trade name Valium) used to relieve anxiety and relax muscles; acts by enhancing the inhibitory actions of the neurotransmitter GABA; can also be used as an anticonvulsant drug in cases of nerve agent poisoning
{n: diclofenac potassium, Cataflam} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Cataflam)
{n: diclofenac sodium, Voltaren} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Voltaren) that is administered only orally
{n: dicumarol, dicoumarol} an anticoagulant drug that has now been largely replaced by warfarin
{n: dilator} a drug that causes dilation
{n: dime bag, dime} street name for a packet of illegal drugs that is sold for ten dollars
{n: diphenylbutyl piperidine} a group of antipsychotic drugs used mainly in the treatment of schizophrenia
{n: diphenylhydantoin, phenytoin, Dilantin} an anticonvulsant drug (trade name Dilantin) used to treat epilepsy and that is not a sedative
{n: disorientation, freak out} a wild delusion (especially one induced by a hallucinogenic drug)
{n: disulfiram, Antabuse} a drug (trade name Antabuse) used in the treatment of alcoholism; causes nausea and vomiting if alcohol is ingested
{n: diuresis} increased secretion of urine; if not due to increased liquid intake or to the action of a diuretic drug it can be a symptom of diabetes mellitus
{n: diuretic drug, diuretic, water pill} any substance that tends to increase the flow of urine
{n: diversion, recreation} an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates
"scuba diving is provided as a diversion for tourists"
"for recreation he wrote poetry and solved crossword puzzles"
"drug abuse is often regarded as a form of recreation"
{n: dopamine, Dopastat, Intropin} a monoamine neurotransmitter found in the brain and essential for the normal functioning of the central nervous system; as a drug (trade names Dopastat and Intropin) it is used to treat shock and hypotension
{n: doxorubicin} an antibiotic used as an anticancer drug
{n: drop} a predetermined hiding place for the deposit and distribution of illicit goods (such as drugs or stolen property)
{n: drug addict, junkie, junky} a narcotics addict
{n: drug addiction, white plague} an addiction to a drug (especially a narcotic drug)
{n: drug baron, drug lord} a person who controls an organization dealing in illegal drugs
{n: drug bust, drugs bust} seizure of illegal drugs by the police
{n: drug cartel} an illicit cartel formed to control the production and distribution of narcotic drugs
"drug cartels sometimes finance terrorist organizations"
{n: drug cocktail, highly active antiretroviral therapy, HAART} a combination of protease inhibitors taken with reverse transcriptase inhibitors; used in treating AIDS and HIV
{n: drug company, pharmaceutical company, pharma} a company that makes and sells pharmaceuticals
{n: drug of abuse, street drug} a drug that is taken for nonmedicinal reasons (usually for mind-altering effects); drug abuse can lead to physical and mental damage and (with some substances) dependence and addiction
{n: drug traffic, drug trafficking, narcotraffic} traffic in illegal drugs
{n: drug user, substance abuser, user} a person who takes drugs
{n: drug war} conflict between law enforcement and those who deal in illegal drugs
{n: drug} a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic
{n: effect} a symptom caused by an illness or a drug
"the effects of sleep loss"
"the effect of the anesthetic"
{n: embalmment} preservation (of a dead body) by treating with balsams and drugs and other chemicals
{n: encainide, Enkaid} antiarrhythmic drug (trade name Enkaid) used to treat life-threatening arrhythmias but increases the risk of sudden death in heart attack patients
{n: erythema multiforme} a red rash caused by hypersensitivity to a drug or disease or other allergen
{n: essence} any substance possessing to a high degree the predominant properties of a plant or drug or other natural product from which it is extracted
{n: ethchlorvynol, Placidyl} a mild sedative-hypnotic drug (trade name Placidyl)
{n: ethosuximide, Emeside, Zarontin} an anticonvulsant drug (trade names Emeside and Zarontin) used to treat petit mal epilepsy
{n: etodolac, Lodine} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Lodine)
{n: euphoriant} a psychoactive drug that tends to produce elation and euphoria
{n: fenoprofen, fenoprofen calcium, Nalfon} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Nalfon) used in the treatment of arthritis and other painful inflammatory disorders
{n: fertility drug} a drug used to increase a woman's fertility
{n: fibrinolysis} a normal ongoing process that dissolves fibrin and results in the removal of small blood clots
"drugs causing fibrinolysis have been utilized therapeutically"
{n: fixed-combination drug} drug containing fixed amounts of two or more ingredients
{n: fix} something craved, especially an intravenous injection of a narcotic drug
"she needed a fix of chocolate"
{n: flashback} an unexpected but vivid recurrence of a past experience (especially a recurrence of the effects of an hallucinogenic drug taken much earlier)
{n: flower people, hippies, hipsters} a youth subculture (mostly from the middle class) originating in San Francisco in the 1960s; advocated universal love and peace and communes and long hair and soft drugs; favored acid rock and progressive rock music
{n: floxuridine} antineoplastic drug used to treat some cancers; can cause loss of hair
{n: flurbiprofen, Ansaid} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Ansaid) that is administered only orally
{n: fluvastatin, Lescol} least expensive statin drug (trade name Lescol); usually taken orally at bedtime
{n: frisk, frisking} the act of searching someone for concealed weapons or illegal drugs
"he gave the suspect a quick frisk"
{n: gamma hydroxybutyrate, GHB} a club drug available in liquid or powder form is taken orally (frequently combined with alcohol); used to incapacitate individuals for the commission of sexual assault and rape
{n: gateway drug} a habit-forming drug that is not addictive but its use may lead to the use of other addictive drugs
"one college athlete recently called beer a gateway drug for young people"
{n: general anesthesia, general anaesthesia} a state of total unconsciousness resulting from anesthetic drugs (as for a major surgical operation)
{n: generic drug} when the patent protection for a brand-name drug expires generic versions of the drug can be offered for sale if the FDA agrees
"generic drugs are usually cheaper than brand-name drugs"
<-> brand-name drug
{n: glipzide, Glucotrol} an oral antidiabetic drug (trade name Glucotrol) that stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas
{n: glyburide, DiaBeta, Micronase} an oral antidiabetic drug (trade names DiaBeta and Micronase) that stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas
{n: guanabenz, Wytensin} antihypertensive drug (trade name Wytensin) that reduces blood pressure by its effect on the central nervous system
{n: gynecomastia} excessive development of the breasts in males; usually the result of hormonal imbalance or treatment with certain drugs (including some antihypertensives)
{n: hallucinogen, hallucinogenic drug, psychedelic drug, psychodelic drug} a psychoactive drug that induces hallucinations or altered sensory experiences
{n: hangover, katzenjammer} disagreeable aftereffects from the use of drugs (especially alcohol)
{n: hard drug} a narcotic that is considered relatively strong and likely to cause addiction
<-> soft drug
{n: hard line} a firm and uncompromising stance or position
"the governor took a hard line on drugs"
{n: head shop} a shop specializing in articles of interest to drug users
"he bought some roach clips and hashish pipes at the head shop"
{n: headache, head ache, cephalalgia} pain in the head caused by dilation of cerebral arteries or muscle contractions or a reaction to drugs
{n: head} a user of (usually soft) drugs
"the office was full of secret heads"
{n: hemlock} poisonous drug derived from an Eurasian plant of the genus Conium
"Socrates refused to flee and died by drinking hemlock"
{n: hepatitis C} a viral hepatitis clinically indistinguishable from hepatitis B but caused by a single-stranded RNA virus; usually transmitted by parenteral means (as injection of an illicit drug or blood transfusion or exposure to blood or blood products)
{n: heroin, diacetylmorphine} a narcotic that is considered a hard drug; a highly addictive morphine derivative; intravenous injection provides the fastest and most intense rush
{n: high} a state of altered consciousness induced by alcohol or narcotics
"they took drugs to get a high on"
{n: hit} a dose of a narcotic drug
{n: hydantoin} any of a group of anticonvulsant drugs used in treating epilepsy
{n: hydralazine, Apresoline} an antihypertensive drug (trade name Apresoline) that dilates blood vessels; used (often with a diuretic) to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure
{n: hydrochlorothiazide, Esidrix, HydroDIURIL} a diuretic drug (trade name Esidrix and HydroDIURIL) used in the treatment of hypertension
{n: hydroxychloroquine, Plaquenil} anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Plaquenil) used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and malaria and lupus erythematosus
{n: hydroxyzine hydrochloride, hydroxyzine, Atarax, Vistaril} a drug (trade names Atarax and Vistaril) used as a tranquilizer to treat anxiety and motion sickness
{n: hyperkalemia} higher than normal levels of potassium in the circulating blood; associated with kidney failure or sometimes with the use of diuretic drugs
<-> hypokalemia
{n: immunosuppressant, immunosuppressor, immunosuppressive drug, immunosuppressive, immune suppressant drug} a drug that lowers the body's normal immune response
{n: indication} (medicine) a reason to prescribe a drug or perform a procedure
"the presence of bacterial infection was an indication for the use of antibiotics"
<-> contraindication
{n: indomethacin, Indocin} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Indocin)
{n: inflation therapy} therapy in which water or oxygen or a drug is introduced into the respiratory tract with inhaled air
{n: infusion} (medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues (as by gravitational force)
{n: infusion} the process of extracting certain active properties (as a drug from a plant) by steeping or soaking (usually in water)
{n: intoxicant} a drug that can produce a state of intoxication
{n: iodochlorhydroxyquin, Clioquinol} drug used to treat certain fungal infection (as athlete's foot)
{n: iontophoresis, ionic medication, iontotherapy, electromotive drug administration, EMDA} therapy that uses a local electric current to introduce the ions of a medicine into the tissues
{n: ipecac} a medicinal drug used to evoke vomiting (especially in cases of drug overdose or poisoning)
{n: iproclozid} an antidepressant drug that acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor
{n: isoniazid, INH, Nydrazid} antibacterial drug (trade name Nydrazid) used to treat tuberculosis
{n: isoproterenol, Isuprel} drug (trade name Isuprel) used to treat bronchial asthma and to stimulate the heart
{n: isosorbide, Isordil} drug (trade name Isordil) used to treat angina pectoris and congestive heart failure
{n: itraconazole, Sporanox} an oral antifungal drug (trade name Sporanox) taken for cases of fungal nail disease
{n: jag} a bout of drinking or drug taking
{n: ketoprofen, Orudis, Orudis KT, Oruvail} nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade names Orudis or Orudis KT or Oruvail)
{n: ketorolac tromethamine, Acular, Toradol} nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade names Acular and Toradol) that is administered only intramuscularly
{n: key} a kilogram of a narcotic drug
"they were carrying two keys of heroin"
{n: kick} the sudden stimulation provided by strong drink (or certain drugs)
"a sidecar is a smooth drink but it has a powerful kick"
{n: labetalol, labetalol hydrochloride, Trandate, Normodyne} antihypertensive drug (trade names Trandate and Normodyne) that blocks alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system (leading to a decrease in blood pressure)
{n: laetrile} a substance derived from amygdalin; publicized as an antineoplastic drug although there is no supporting evidence
{n: levallorphan, Lorfan} drug (trade name Lorfan) that is related to morphine but that counteracts the respiratory depression produced by morphine poisoning but without affecting its analgesic effects
{n: light reflex, pupillary reflex, miosis, myosis} reflex contraction of the sphincter muscle of the iris in response to a bright light (or certain drugs) causing the pupil to become smaller
{n: lipid-lowering medicine, lipid-lowering medication, statin drug, statin} a medicine that lowers blood cholesterol levels by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase
{n: lisinopril, Prinival, Zestril} an ACE inhibiting drug (trade names Prinival or Zestril) administered as an antihypertensive and after heart attacks
{n: lithium carbonate, Lithane, Lithonate, Eskalith} a white powder (LiCO3) used in manufacturing glass and ceramics and as a drug; the drug (trade names Lithane or Lithonate or Eskalith) is used to treat some forms of depression and manic episodes of manic-depressive disorder
{n: lomustine} an antineoplastic drug often used to treat brain tumors or Hodgkin's disease
{n: lovastatin, Mevacor} an oral drug (trade name Mevacor) to reduce blood cholesterol levels; used when dietary changes have proved inadequate
{n: lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD} a powerful hallucinogenic drug manufactured from lysergic acid
{n: magic bullet} a remedy (drug or therapy or preventive) that cures or prevents a disease
"there is no magic bullet against cancer"
{n: major tranquilizer, major tranquillizer, major tranquilliser, antipsychotic drug, antipsychotic agent, antipsychotic, neuroleptic drug, neuroleptic agent, neuroleptic} tranquilizer used to treat psychotic conditions when a calming effect is desired
{n: maleate} a salt or ester of maleic acid; used as a nontricyclic antidepressant drug for psychomotor activation
{n: marijuana, marihuana, ganja, Cannabis sativa} a strong-smelling plant from whose dried leaves a number of euphoriant and hallucinogenic drugs are prepared
{n: medicine, medication, medicament, medicinal drug} (medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease
{n: mefenamic acid, Ponstel} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug (trade name Ponstel) used to treat mild pain (especially menstrual cramps)
{n: mefloquine, mefloquine hydrochloride, Larium, Mephaquine} an antimalarial drug (trade name Larium and Mephaquine) that is effective in cases that do not respond to chloroquine; said to produce harmful neuropsychiatric effects on some people
{n: melphalan, Alkeran} antineoplastic drug (trade name Alkeran) used to treat multiple myeloma and some other malignancies
{n: meperidine, meperidine hydrochloride, Demerol} a synthetic narcotic drug (trade name Demerol) used to treat pain
{n: mephenytoin, Mesantoin} a toxic anticonvulsant drug (trade name Mesantoin) used in the treatment of epilepsy when less toxic anticonvulsants have been ineffective
{n: mercaptopurine, Purinethol} a drug (trade name Purinethol) that interferes with the metabolism of purine and is used to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia
{n: metformin, Glucophage} an antidiabetic drug (trade name Glucophage) prescribed to treat type II diabetes
{n: methacholine, Mecholyl} parasympathomimetic drug (trademark Mecholyl) that stimulates secretions and smooth muscle activity
{n: methadone, methadone hydrochloride, methadon, dolophine hydrochloride, fixer, synthetic heroin} synthetic narcotic drug similar to morphine but less habit-forming; used in narcotic detoxification and maintenance of heroin addiction
{n: methaqualone, Quaalude} sedative-hypnotic drug (trade name Quaalude) that is a drug of abuse
{n: metharbital, Gemonil} anticonvulsant drug (trade name Gemonil) used in the treatment of epilepsy
{n: methicillin} antibiotic drug of the penicillin family used in the treatment of certain staphylococcal infections
{n: methyldopa, alpha methyl dopa, Aldomet} antihypertensive drug (trade name Aldomet) used in the treatment of high blood pressure
{n: methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA} a stimulant drug that is chemically related to mescaline and amphetamine and is used illicitly for its euphoric and hallucinogenic effects; it was formerly used in psychotherapy but in 1985 it was declared illegal in the United States
"MDMA is often used at parties because it enables partygoers to remain active for long periods of time"
{n: methyltestosterone} an androgenic compound contained in drugs that are used to treat testosterone deficiency and female breast cancer and to stimulate growth and weight gain
{n: mexiletine, Mexitil} antiarrhythmic drug (trade name Mexitil) used to treat ventricular arrhythmias
{n: minor tranquilizer, minor tranquillizer, minor tranquilliser, antianxiety drug, anxiolytic, anxiolytic drug} a tranquilizer used to relieve anxiety and reduce tension and irritability
{n: miotic drug, myotic drug, miotic, myotic} a drug that causes miosis (constriction of the pupil of the eye)
{n: mithramycin, Mithracin} an antineoplastic drug (trade name Mithracin) used to treat cancer of the testes
{n: mitomycin, Mutamycin} a complex of antibiotic substances obtained from a streptomyces bacterium; one form (trade name Mutamycin) shows promise as an anticancer drug
{n: molindone, Moban} antipsychotic drug (trade name Moban) used in the treatment of schizophrenia
{n: monoamine oxidase inhibitor, MAOI} any of a group of antidepressant drugs that inhibit the action of monoamine oxidase in the brain and so allow monoamines to accumulate
{n: morphine, morphia} an alkaloid narcotic drug extracted from opium; a powerful, habit-forming narcotic used to relieve pain
{n: muscle relaxant} a drug that reduces muscle contractility by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses or by decreasing the excitability of the motor end plate or by other actions
{n: muscleman, muscle} a bully employed as a thug or bodyguard
"the drug lord had his muscleman to protect him"
{n: mydriasis} reflex pupillary dilation as a muscle pulls the iris outward; occurs in response to a decrease in light or certain drugs
{n: mydriatic, mydriatic drug} a drug that causes the pupil of the eye to dilate; used to aid eye examinations
{n: nabumetone, Relafen} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Relafen)
{n: naproxen sodium, Aleve, Anaprox, Aflaxen} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trademarks Aleve and Anaprox and Aflaxen)
{n: naproxen, Naprosyn} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Naprosyn) used in the treatment of arthritis and musculoskeletal inflammation and moderate pain
{n: narco-state} an area that has been taken over and is controlled and corrupted by drug cartels and where law enforcement is effectively nonexistent
"this Mexican town has become a narco-state that ships 100 pounds of cocaine to the United States every day"
{n: narcoleptic} a soporific drug that produces an uncontrollable desire to sleep
{n: narcoterrorism} the financing of terrorist activities by participation in the drug trade
{n: narcotic} a drug that produces numbness or stupor; often taken for pleasure or to reduce pain; extensive use can lead to addiction
{n: natural childbirth} labor and childbirth without medical intervention; no drugs are given to relieve pain or aid the birth process
"natural childbirth is considered the safest for the baby"
{n: natural family planning} any of several methods of family planning that do not involve sterilization or contraceptive devices or drugs; coitus is avoided during the fertile time of a woman's menstrual cycle
{n: nefazodone, Serzone} an antidepressant drug (trade name Serzone)
{n: nelfinavir, Viracept} a protease inhibitor (trade name Viracept) used in treating HIV usually in combination with other drugs
{n: neostigmine, Prostigmin} a cholinergic drug (trade name Prostigmin) used to treat some ophthalmic conditions and to treat myasthenia gravis
{n: nickel, nickel note} five dollars worth of a drug
"a nickel bag of drugs"
"a nickel deck of heroin"
{n: nitrazepam} a hypnotic and sedative drug of the benzodiazepine type
{n: non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, NNRTI} an antiviral drug used against HIV; binds directly to reverse transcriptase and prevents RNA conversion to DNA; often used in combination with other drugs
{n: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, NSAID} an anti-inflammatory drug that does not contain steroids
"NSAIDs inhibit the activity of both Cox-1 and Cox-2 enzymes"
{n: nonthrombocytopenic purpura} purpura resulting from a defect in the capillaries caused by bacteria or drugs
{n: nontricyclic, nontricyclic drug, nontricyclic antidepressant, nontricyclic antidepressant drug} a class of antidepressant drugs that are not tricyclic drugs and do not act by inhibiting MAO
{n: nortriptyline, Pamelor} a tricyclic antidepressant drug (trade name Pamelor) used along with psychotherapy to treat dysthymic depression; may interact dangerously if taken with other drugs
{n: noxiptiline} a tricyclic antidepressant drug
{n: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, NRTI} an antiviral drug used against HIV; is incorporated into the DNA of the virus and stops the building process; results in incomplete DNA that cannot create a new virus; often used in combination with other drugs
{n: opiate} a narcotic drug that contains opium or an opium derivative
{n: opportunistic infection} any infection caused by a microorganism that does not normally cause disease in humans; occurs in persons with abnormally functioning immune systems (as AIDS patients or transplant patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs)
{n: over-the-counter drug, over-the-counter medicine} a drug that is sold without a prescription
<-> prescription drug, prescription medicine
{n: oxaprozin, Daypro} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Daypro)
{n: oxazepam, Serax} a tranquilizing drug (trade name Serax) used to treat anxiety and insomnia and alcohol withdrawal
{n: oxyphenbutazone, Tandearil} an anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Tandearil) used to treat arthritis and bursitis
{n: oxyphencyclimine, Daricon} an anticholinergic drug (trade name Daricon) used in treating peptic ulcers
{n: oxytocic, oxytocic drug} a drug that induces labor by stimulating contractions of the muscles of the uterus
{n: para aminobenzoic acid, PABA} a metabolic acid found in yeast and liver cells; used to make dyes and drugs and sun blockers
{n: penicillamine, Cuprimine} a drug (trade name Cuprimine) used to treat heavy metal poisoning and Wilson's disease and severe arthritis
{n: pentazocine, Talwin} analgesic drug (trade name Talwin) that is less addictive than morphine
{n: pentoxifylline, Trental} a drug (trade name Trental) used to treat claudication; believed to increase the flexibility of red blood cells so they can flow through the blood vessels to the legs and feet
{n: pentylenetetrazol, pentamethylenetetrazol, Metrazol} a drug used as a circulatory and respiratory stimulant; larger doses cause convulsions in shock therapy; Metrazol is a trademark
{n: periwinkle plant derivative} an antineoplastic drug used to treat some forms of cancer
{n: pestle, muller, pounder} a heavy tool of stone or iron (usually with a flat base and a handle) that is used to grind and mix material (as grain or drugs or pigments) against a slab of stone
{n: pharmaceutical, pharmaceutic} drug or medicine that is prepared or dispensed in pharmacies and used in medical treatment
{n: pharmacist, druggist, chemist, apothecary, pill pusher, pill roller} a health professional trained in the art of preparing and dispensing drugs
{n: pharmacogenetics} the branch of genetics that studies the genetically determined variations in responses to drugs in humans or laboratory organisms
{n: pharmacokinetics} the study of the action of drugs in the body: method and rate of excretion; duration of effect; etc.
{n: pharmacologist, pharmaceutical chemist} someone trained in the science of drugs (their composition and uses and effects)
{n: pharmacology, pharmacological medicine, materia medica} the science or study of drugs: their preparation and properties and uses and effects
{n: pharmacopoeia} a collection or stock of drugs
{n: pharmacy, pharmaceutics} the art and science of preparing and dispensing drugs and medicines,
{n: phase I clinical trial, phase I} a clinical trial on a few persons to determine the safety of a new drug or invasive medical device; for drugs, dosage or toxicity limits should be obtained
{n: phase III clinical trial, phase III} a large clinical trial of a treatment or drug that in phase I and phase II has been shown to be efficacious with tolerable side effects; after successful conclusion of these clinical trials it will receive formal approval from the FDA
{n: phase IV clinical trials, phase IV} sometimes the FDA approves a drug for general use but requires the manufacturer to continue to monitor its effects; during this phase the drug may be tried on slightly different patient populations than those studied in earlier trials
{n: phencyclidine, phencyclidine hydrochloride, PCP, angel dust} a drug used as an anesthetic by veterinarians; illicitly taken (originally in the form of powder or `dust') for its effects as a hallucinogen
{n: phentolamine, Vasomax} a virility drug (trade name Vasomax) to treat erectile dysfunction in men
{n: phenylbutazone, Butazolidin} anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Butazolidin)
{n: phenylpropanolamine} an adrenergic drug used in many preparations to relieve allergic reactions or respiratory infections
"drugs containing phenylpropanolamine are being recalled"
{n: phial, vial, ampule, ampul, ampoule} a small bottle that contains a drug (especially a sealed sterile container for injection by needle)
{n: pill, birth control pill, contraceptive pill, oral contraceptive pill, oral contraceptive, anovulatory drug, anovulant} a contraceptive in the form of a pill containing estrogen and progestin to inhibit ovulation and so prevent conception
{n: piroxicam, Feldene} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Feldene) used to treat arthritis and other inflammatory conditions
{n: placebo effect} any effect that seems to be a consequence of administering a placebo; the change is usually beneficial and is assumed result from the person's faith in the treatment or preconceptions about what the experimental drug was supposed to do; pharmacologists were the first to talk about placebo effects but now the idea has been generalized to many situations having nothing to do with drugs
{n: placebo} an innocuous or inert medication; given as a pacifier or to the control group in experiments on the efficacy of a drug
{n: popper} a container of stimulant drug (amyl nitrate or butyl nitrite)
{n: posology} the pharmacological determination of appropriate doses of drugs and medicines
{n: potentiation} (medicine) the synergistic effect of two drugs given simultaneously
{n: pravastatin, Pravachol} an oral drug (trade name Pravachol) administered to reduce blood cholesterol levels; recommended after nonfatal heart attacks
{n: prazosin, Minipress} antihypertensive drug (trade name Minipress)
{n: preclinical trial, preclinical test, preclinical phase} a laboratory test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on animal subjects; conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial
{n: prednisone, Orasone, Deltasone, Liquid Pred, Meticorten} a dehydrogenated analogue of cortisol (trade names Orasone or Deltasone or Liquid Pred or Meticorten); used as an anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of arthritis and as an immunosuppressant
{n: prescription drug, prescription, prescription medicine, ethical drug} a drug that is available only with written instructions from a doctor or dentist to a pharmacist
"he told the doctor that he had been taking his prescription regularly"
<-> over-the-counter drug, over-the-counter medicine
{n: prescription} written instructions from a physician or dentist to a druggist concerning the form and dosage of a drug to be issued to a given patient
{n: primaquine} synthetic antimalarial drug
{n: probenecid} a uricosuric drug that reduces the level of uric acid in the blood; used to treat gout
{n: procarbazine} an antineoplastic drug used to treat Hodgkin's disease
{n: prochlorperazine} antipsychotic and antiemetic drug used to treat schizophrenia and to combat nausea and vomiting
{n: procyclidine, Kemadrin} drug (trade name Kemadrin) used to reduce tremors in Parkinsonism
{n: propoxyphene, propoxyphene hydrochloride, Darvon} a mildly narcotic analgesic drug (trade name Darvon) related to methadone but less addictive
{n: propylthiouracil} a crystalline compound used as an antithyroid drug in the treatment of goiter
{n: protease inhibitor, PI} an antiviral drug used against HIV; interrupts HIV replication by binding and blocking HIV protease; often used in combination with other drugs
{n: psychedelia} the subculture of users of psychedelic drugs
{n: psychedelic rock, acid rock} a musical style that emerged in the 1960s; rock music inspired by or related to drug-induced experience
{n: psychoactive drug, mind-altering drug, consciousness-altering drug, psychoactive substance} a drug that can produce mood changes and distorted perceptions
{n: psychopharmacology} the study of drugs that affect the mind
{n: purgatory} a temporary condition of torment or suffering
"a purgatory of drug abuse"
{n: pusher, drug peddler, peddler, drug dealer, drug trafficker} an unlicensed dealer in illegal drugs
{n: quassia, bitterwood, Quassia amara} handsome South American shrub or small tree having bright scarlet flowers and yielding a valuable fine-grained yellowish wood; yields the bitter drug quassia from its wood and bark
{n: quaternary ammonium compound} a compound derived from ammonium with hydrogen atoms replaced by organic groups; used as surface-active agents, disinfectants, and in drugs
{n: quinacrine, quinacrine hydrochloride, mepacrine, Atabrine} a drug (trade name Atabrine) used to treat certain worm infestations and once used to treat malaria
{n: quinidine, Quinidex, Quinora} cardiac drug (trade names Quinidex and Quinora) used to treat certain heart arrhythmias
{n: racket, fraudulent scheme, illegitimate enterprise} an illegal enterprise (such as extortion or fraud or drug peddling or prostitution) carried on for profit
{n: reboxetine, Edronax} an antidepressant drug that blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine
{n: recreational drug} a narcotic drug that is used only occasionally and is claimed to be nonaddictive
{n: refill} a prescription drug that is provided again
"he got a refill of his prescription"
"the prescription specified only one refill"
{n: relaxant} a drug that relaxes and relieves tension
{n: resistance} the degree of unresponsiveness of a disease-causing microorganism to antibiotics or other drugs (as in penicillin-resistant bacteria)
{n: reverse transcriptase inhibitor} an antiviral drug that inhibits the action of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses such as HIV
{n: rifampin, Rifadin, Rimactane} an antibacterial drug (trade names Rifadin and Rimactane) used to treat tuberculosis
{n: salicylate} a salt of salicylic acid (included in several commonly used drugs)
{n: scabicide} a drug that destroys the itch mite that causes scabies
{n: sedation, drugging} the administration of a sedative agent or drug
{n: sedative, sedative drug, depressant, downer} a drug that reduces excitability and calms a person
{n: sedative-hypnotic, sedative-hypnotic drug} a sedative that depresses activity of the central nervous system and reduces anxiety and induces sleep
{n: selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor, SSRI} an antidepressant drug that acts by blocking the reuptake of serotonin so that more serotonin is available to act on receptors in the brain
{n: shakedown} a very thorough search of a person or a place
"a shakedown by the police uncovered the drugs"
{n: shanghaier, seizer} a kidnapper who drugs men and takes them for compulsory service aboard a ship
{n: shelf life} the length of time a packaged food or drug will last without deteriorating
{n: shooting gallery} a building (usually abandoned) where drug addicts buy and use heroin
{n: sickness} defectiveness or unsoundness
"drugs have become a sickness they cannot cure"
"a great sickness of his judgment"
{n: side effect} a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy
"severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug"
{n: sildenafil, sildenafil citrate, Viagra} virility drug (trade name Viagra) used to treat erectile dysfunction in men
{n: sleeping pill, sleeping tablet, sleeping capsule, sleeping draught} a soporific drug in the form of a pill (or tablet or capsule)
{n: sobriety, dryness} moderation in or abstinence from alcohol or other drugs
{n: soft drug} a drug of abuse that is considered relatively mild and not likely to cause addiction
<-> hard drug
{n: soporific, hypnotic} a drug that induces sleep
{n: space cadet} someone who seems unable to respond appropriately to reality (as if under the influence of some narcotic drug)
{n: speed freak} addict who habitually uses stimulant drugs (especially amphetamines)
{n: stimulant, stimulant drug, excitant} a drug that temporarily quickens some vital process
{n: street name} slang for something (especially for an illegal drug)
"`smack' is a street name for heroin"
{n: strip search} searching someone for concealed weapons or illegal drugs by having them remove their clothes
{n: substance abuse, drug abuse, habit} excessive use of drugs
{n: sulfa drug, sulfa, sulpha, sulfonamide} antibacterial consisting of any of several synthetic organic compounds capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria that require PABA
{n: sulfadiazine} a sulfa drug used in treating meningitis and pneumonia and other infections
{n: sulfamethazine, sulfamezathine} a sulfa drug used like sulfadiazine and also in veterinary medicine
{n: sulfanilamide} a white odorless crystalline sulfa drug; the parent compound of most of the sulfa drugs
{n: sulfapyridine} sulfa drug derived from pyridine and sulfanilamide
{n: sulfonylurea} antidiabetic consisting of any of several drugs that reduce the level of glucose in the blood; used to treat diabetes mellitus
{n: sulindac, Clinoril} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Clinoril)
{n: suppressant, appetite suppressant} a drug that suppresses appetite
{n: synchronism, synchrony, synchronicity, synchroneity, synchronization, synchronisation, synchronizing} the relation that exists when things occur at the same time
"the drug produces an increased synchrony of the brain waves"
<-> asynchronism, desynchronization, desynchronizing
{n: synergist} a drug that augments the activity of another drug
<-> antagonist
{n: synergy, synergism} the working together of two things (muscles or drugs for example) to produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects
{n: tadalafil, Cialis} virility drug (trade name Cialis) used to treat erectile dysfunction in men
{n: target cell} any cell that has a specific receptor for an antigen or antibody or hormone or drug, or is the focus of contact by a virus or phagocyte or nerve fiber etc.
{n: terazosin, Hytrin} antihypertensive drug (trade name Hytrin) used to treat high blood pressure
{n: terbinafine, Lamisil} an oral antifungal drug (trade name Lamisil) used to treat cases of fungal nail disease
{n: thalidomide} a sedative and hypnotic drug; withdrawn from sale after discovered to cause severe birth defects because it inhibits angiogenesis
{n: thiazide} any of a group of drugs commonly used as diuretics in the treatment of hypertension; they block the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys
{n: thioguanine} an antineoplastic drug used to treat acute leukemias
{n: thiotepa} an antineoplastic drug used to treat certain malignancies
{n: tocainide, Tonocard} antiarrhythmic drug (trade name Tonocard) used to treat ventricular arrhythmias when less dangerous drugs have failed
{n: tolazamide, Tolinase} a drug (trade name Tolinase) used in treating stable adult-onset diabetes mellitus
{n: tolbutamide, Orinase} sulfonylurea; an oral antidiabetic drug (trade name Orinase) used in the treatment of adult-onset diabetes mellitus
{n: tolmetin sodium, Tolectin} a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Tolectin)
{n: tranquilizer, tranquillizer, tranquilliser, antianxiety agent, ataractic drug, ataractic agent, ataractic} a drug used to reduce stress or tension without reducing mental clarity
{n: transit zone} a six million square mile area that includes the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico and the eastern Pacific Ocean; includes the principal routes used by drug smugglers
{n: tranylcypromine} an antidepressant drug that is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor; administered as a sulfate
{n: trazodone, trazodone hydrochloride, Desyrel} oral antidepressant (trade name Desyrel) that is a nontricyclic drug used as a sedative
{n: trichlormethiazide, Naqua} diuretic drug (trade name Naqua) used to treat hypertension
{n: tricyclic, tricyclic antidepressant, tricyclic antidepressant drug} an antidepressant drug that acts by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin and thus making more of those substances available to act on receptors in the brain
{n: trimipramine, Surmontil} tricyclic antidepressant drug (trade name Surmontil) used to treat depression and anxiety and (sometimes) insomnia
{n: tripper} (slang) someone who has taken a psychedelic drug and is undergoing hallucinations
{n: trip} a hallucinatory experience induced by drugs
"an acid trip"
{n: truth serum, truth drug} an intravenous anesthetic drug that has a hypnotic effect; induces relaxation and weakens inhibitions; is believed to induce people to talk freely
{n: tyrosine kinase inhibitor} a drug used in cases of chronic myeloid leukemia
{n: urtication, urticaria, hives, nettle rash} an itchy skin eruption characterized by weals with pale interiors and well-defined red margins; usually the result of an allergic response to insect bites or food or drugs
{n: use, usage, utilization, utilisation, employment, exercise} the act of using
"he warned against the use of narcotic drugs"
"skilled in the utilization of computers"
{n: valeric acid, pentanoic acid} a clear liquid carboxylic acid used in perfumes and drugs
{n: vardenafil, Levitra} virility drug (trade name Levitra) used to treat erectile dysfunction in men
{n: vasoconstrictor, vasoconstrictive, pressor} any agent that causes a narrowing of an opening of a blood vessel: cold or stress or nicotine or epinephrine or norepinephrine or angiotensin or vasopressin or certain drugs; maintains or increases blood pressure
{n: vasodilator, vasodilative} a drug that causes dilation of blood vessels
{n: vehicle} a substance that facilitates the use of a drug or pigment or other material that is mixed with it
{n: verapamil, Calan, Isoptin} a drug (trade names Calan and Isoptin) used as an oral or parenteral calcium blocker in cases of hypertension or congestive heart failure or angina or migraine
{n: vinblastine, Velban} periwinkle plant derivative used as an antineoplastic drug (trade name Velban) that disrupts cell division
{n: vincristine, Oncovin} periwinkle plant derivative used as an antineoplastic drug (trade name Oncovin); used to treat cancer of the lymphatic system
{n: viomycin, Viocin} a basic polypeptide antibiotic (trade name Viocin) administered intramuscularly (along with other drugs) in the treatment of tuberculosis
{n: virility drug, anti-impotence drug} drug to treat impotence attributable to erectile dysfunction
{n: withdrawal symptom} any physical or psychological disturbance (as sweating or depression) experienced by a drug addict when deprived of the drug
{n: withdrawal, drug withdrawal} the termination of drug taking
{n: withdrawer} a drug addict who is discontinuing the use of narcotics
{n: yardie} member of an international gang of Jamaican criminals who sell drugs and violence
"A much publicized raid on a yardie stronghold had first been simulated at Riot City"
{n: zidovudine, Retrovir, ZDV, AZT} an antiviral drug (trade name Retrovir) used in the treatment of AIDS; adverse side effects include liver damage and suppression of the bone marrow
{v: addict, hook} to cause (someone or oneself) to become dependent (on something, especially a narcotic drug)
{v: anesthetize, anaesthetize, anesthetise, anaesthetise, put to sleep, put under, put out} make unconscious by means of anesthetic drugs
"The patient must be anesthetized before the operation"
<-> bring to
{v: blur, blear} make dim or indistinct
"The drug blurs my vision"
<-> focus
{v: bootleg} sell illicit products such as drugs or alcohol
"They were bootlegging whiskey"
{v: clamp down, crack down} repress or suppress (something regarded as undesirable)
"The police clamped down on illegal drugs"
{v: deterge} wipe away ; to wash off or out, cleanse ; chiefly in medical use: to clear away foul matter from the body
"This drug is powerful enough to deterge"
{v: detoxify} treat for alcohol or drug dependence
"He was detoxified in the clinic"
{v: dope} take drugs to improve one's athletic performance
{v: drug, do drugs} use recreational drugs
{v: drug, dose} administer a drug to
"They drugged the kidnapped tourist"
{v: dynamize, dynamise} make (a drug) effective
"dynamized medicine"
{v: enter, participate} become a participant ; be involved in
"enter a race"
"enter an agreement"
"enter a drug treatment program"
"enter negotiations"
<-> drop out
{v: enumerate, recite, itemize, itemise} specify individually
"She enumerated the many obstacles she had encountered"
"The doctor recited the list of possible side effects of the drug"
{v: expectorate, clear out, drive out} clear out the chest and lungs
"This drug expectorates quickly"
{v: experiment} to conduct a test or investigation
"We are experimenting with the new drug in order to fight this disease"
{v: give} give (as medicine)
"I gave him the drug"
{v: huff, snort} inhale recreational drugs
{v: impound, attach, sequester, confiscate, seize} take temporary possession of as a security, by legal authority
"The FBI seized the drugs"
"The customs agents impounded the illegal shipment"
"The police confiscated the stolen artwork"
{v: internationalize, internationalise} put under international control
"internationalize trade of certain drugs"
{v: intoxicate} have an intoxicating effect on, of a drug
{v: keep off, avoid} refrain from certain foods or beverages
"I keep off drugs"
"During Ramadan, Muslims avoid tobacco during the day"
{v: know, experience, live} have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations
"I know the feeling!"
"have you ever known hunger?"
"I have lived a kind of hell when I was a drug addict"
"The holocaust survivors have lived a nightmare"
"I lived through two divorces"
{v: land} bring ashore
"The drug smugglers landed the heroin on the beach of the island"
{v: masculinize, masculinise, virilize, virilise} produce virilism in or cause to assume masculine characteristics, as through a hormonal imbalance or hormone therapy
"the drugs masculinized the teenage girl"
{v: nobble} disable by drugging
"nobble the race horses"
{v: pop} take drugs, especially orally
"The man charged with murder popped a valium to calm his nerves"
{v: potentiate} increase the effect of or act synergistically with (a drug or a physiological or biochemical phenomenon)
"potentiate the drug"
{v: puff, puff up, blow up, puff out} to swell or cause to enlarge, "Her faced puffed up from the drugs"
{v: push} sell or promote the sale of (illegal goods such as drugs)
"The guy hanging around the school is pushing drugs"
{v: retain} hold within
"This soil retains water"
"I retain this drug for a long time"
{v: retard} cause to move more slowly or operate at a slower rate
"This drug will retard your heart rate"
{v: scent, nose, wind} catch the scent of ; get wind of
"The dog nosed out the drugs"
{v: see double} see things as if they were there twice
"After taking the drug, John saw double"
{v: sell} exchange or deliver for money or its equivalent
"He sold his house in January"
"She sells her body to survive and support her drug habit"
<-> buy
{v: sensitize, sensitise} make sensitive to a drug or allergen
"Long-term exposure to this medicine may sensitize you to the allergen"
{v: set in, kick in} enter a particular state
"Laziness set in"
"After a few moments, the effects of the drug kicked in"
{v: shanghai, impress} take (someone) against his will for compulsory service, especially on board a ship
"The men were shanghaied after being drugged"
{v: sharpen, heighten} make (one's senses) more acute
"This drug will sharpen your vision"
{v: skin pop} inject (drugs) into the skin
{v: smash} overthrow or destroy (something considered evil or harmful)
"The police smashed the drug ring after they were tipped off"
{v: snort} ingest through the nose
"The drug addict was snorting cocaine every night"
{v: stabilize, stabilise} make stable and keep from fluctuating or put into an equilibrium
"The drug stabilized her blood pressure"
"stabilize prices"
<-> destabilise, destabilize
{v: strip-search} search (someone) for weapons or drugs by having the person remove their clothes
"He was strip-searched at the airport"
{v: tolerate} have a tolerance for a poison or strong drug or pathogen
"The patient does not tolerate the anti-inflammatory drugs we gave him"
{v: traffic} deal illegally
"traffic drugs"
{v: trip, trip out, turn on, get off} get high, stoned, or drugged
"He trips every weekend"
{v: use, habituate} take or consume (regularly or habitually)
"She uses drugs rarely"
{v: worsen, aggravate, exacerbate, exasperate} make worse
"This drug aggravates the pain"
<-> better
The newspaper advice column " Dear Abby " appears in more than 1,000 newspapers, and over the years has tried to give answers to people seeking help with such topics as marriage, troublesome children, sex, work, religion, problems with drugs and so on.
忠告栏 "亲爱的艾比 "，见诸于 1000多种报纸，其作者多年来一直在努力答复那些就婚姻、恼人的孩子、性、工作、宗教和毒品等问题写信求助的人。
Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain-tissue loss throughout adulthood.
嗜酒或吸毒，以及像糖尿病和高血压之类的疾病都影响到整个成年期大脑组织的丧失。
Cloning would join the unsafe drug Thalidomide in the teratogenic hall of infamy.
克隆将作为致畸高手，与不安全药物 "反应停 "一样，臭名远扬。
Treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs coupled with a decrease in activity may be just as effective, researchers say.
研究人员认为使用消炎药并减少活动的疗法也许同样有效。
Dutch researchers who studied patients with sciatica found that those who stayed in bed for long periods of time did not heal any faster than those who took it easy and took anti-inflammatory drugs.
研究坐骨神经痛患者的荷兰研究人员发现，那些长时间卧床的病人的治愈时间并不比那些从容处之再吃些消炎药的病人痊愈得快。
Now I cherish articles about the first new drug being used to treat MS.
现在，我非常珍惜那些有关用来治疗 " MS "的每一种新药的文章。
Does it work? I need to know.
这药有效吗？我需要知道。
The drug itself may not have come from the lab in California, but still it is my mother's legacy: that bit of diseased tissue from her brain, which tormented and killed her, is helping to save lives.
这种药本身不一定是来自加州的实验室，但它毕竟是母亲的遗产：那块取自母亲脑部的病变组织过去折磨和杀死了她，现在正帮助拯救他人的生命。
It's far easier than running to the drug store.
获取这种贺卡要比跑到兼营杂货的小药房去买方便多了。
America's Food and Drug Administration has already published draft guidelines for xenotransplantation.
美国的食品和药品管理局已经发表了异种移植的指导原则草案。
The match was still questionable, but by that time the anti-rejection drugs were more effective.
试验结果是配合上仍有问题，但是如今预防排异反应的药物效力已经增强。
The experience enforced his passionate interest in botanical drugs and fostered in him a great respect for the inherent power of the mind-body connection and its potential importance in medicine.
他的游历加强了他对植物性药物的强烈兴趣，并使他越来越注意身心关联的固有力量及其在医学上潜在的重要意义。
Dr Odent blames the male love of technology and equipment for many of the complications which women experience when trying to proceed with a natural, drug-free birth.
奥登特医生责怪男人说，他们太偏重使用技术和仪器设备而使女人们在试图自然地分娩而不用药物时，遭受许多共发症之苦。
Indeed in cultures where women still give birth exclusively in the company of other women, births tend to rely on fewer drugs and less surgical intervention.
在一些妇女分娩时仍然完全由女性陪伴的不同文化背景的社会里，妇女生产的确倾向于较少依赖药物或受手术的干预。
For all my thirteen years working for New York city's Department of Social Services, I had met people from all walks of life including thief, murderer, drug addict, model, police, lawyer, politician and physician. I have never come across a prostitute.
我在纽约市社会服务部工作了 13年，遇到过各行各业的人－小偷、杀人犯、瘾君子、模特、警察、律师、政客和医生等，从没碰见过妓女。
To make it worse, I, under peer pressure, became a drug addict.
更糟糕的是，我在环境压力下染上了毒瘾。
" Later, I got more and more involved with drugs until I was unable to receive any man.
"后来，我的毒瘾越来越大，弄得不能接客了。
At the same time, my guardian, the pimp, got incarcerated due to selling drugs.
与此同时，我那位皮条客因贩毒而入狱。
Many American pharmacies now carry easy-to-use home tests for detecting or monitoring elevated cholesterol, colorectal disease, HIV, diabetes, urinary tract infections, skin cancer, drug use, vision problems, high or low blood pressure, ovulation and pregnancy.
现在许多美国药房皆推行简便式家庭试验来测定或监视高胆固醇、结肠直肠疾并艾滋病病毒、糖尿并泌尿道感染、皮肤癌、吸服毒品、视力疾并高血压或低血压用、排卵和妊娠。
The Food and Drug Administration will not permit the sale of a home medical test that is less accurate than its clinical laboratory counterpart.
食品和药品管理局将不允许出售那些精确度比不上临床化验室相应方法的家庭医学测试产品。
" Psychological and emotional considerations do play into this, " said Kevin Johnson of Home Access Health Corporation, a Chicago area manufacturer with the only home HIV test on the market approved by the Food and Drug Administration( FDA).
家庭健康促进协会的凯文·杰克逊是在市场上销售唯一经食品和药品管理局批准的家庭 HIV 测试产品的芝加哥地区制造商，他说： "心理和情绪因素真的起作用。
An interesting development is a home test kit to check whether children are becoming interested in using drugs, and the parents want to find out.
用于检查孩子们是否正变得对毒品感兴趣而父母想知道究竟的一种家庭测试药盒是一个有意义的进展。
ChemTrak has a new Parent's Alert home drug test.
ChemTrak 公司有一种新的 "家长警报 "家庭药物测试法。
When a Georgia mother began selling the kits, which ChemTrak now markets under agreement with the Parent's Alert group, the FDA was concerned that mom-and-opo-administered drug tests could damage family relationships.
当一位佐治亚州的母亲开始出售这种药盒时（ ChemTrak 公司现在已在 "家长警报 "研究组的同意下将它推向市场）， FDA 所关切的是这种父母参与的药物测试可能会伤害家庭关系。
ChemTrak, though, takes a different twist:
不过， ChemTrak 有不同的看法：
Parent's Alert is a preventative measure, to be trotted out before suspicion of drug use arises preferably when kids are in elementary or junior high school.
"家长警报 "是一种预防性的措施，可以在对使用毒品的怀疑加剧－最好是孩子还在小学或初中时一之前便运作起来。
The Parent's Alert home drug test, marketed by ChemTrak, is a laboratory test for alcohol and drugs such as marijuana and cocaine.
由 ChemTrak 推向市场的 "家长警报 "家庭药物测试是化验室用于检测酒精和诸如大麻、可卡因这样的毒品的方法。
The kit contains a booklet on how to discuss drugs with children and a contract for both parties to sign for the children to agree to the test.
药盒中含有一份说明书，传授如何与孩子讨论药物问题，另外还有一份合同，双方签字让孩子同意测试。
Studies show children are only half as likely to try drugs if their parents are the ones who speak to them early on about the risks, Hunt said.
亨特说，研究表明，如果家长们早早地对孩子们讲有关毒品的危险性，孩子去尝试毒品的可能性只有一半。
Manson, now on a work-release program related to a drug charge, remains driven to turn pro to show inner-city neighbors " I made something of myself ".
曼森因涉嫌毒品的指控，现正办理一个赦免程序，但她仍然梦寐以求成为职业拳击手，为的是向邻里街坊表明 "我成功了 "。
Maybe Del Sizemore, a sleazy used-car salesman and incompetent drug dealer, had it coming, but still - it's bound to have an effect on a girl.
可能这一切是德尔·赛兹莫尔－一个低劣的旧车推销员和蹩脚的毒品贩卖者自找的，但这件事情对一个年轻姑娘无疑会产生影响。
Unfortunately the car she chooses for the trip is the one in which Del hid his stolen drugs.
然而不巧的是，贝蒂开·上路的汽车里藏匿着德尔偷来的毒品。
A hypertension drug taken by 28 million people is under scrutiny. 2, 800万名患者使用的一种高血压药物的安全性遭到质疑。
DRUGS FOR HYPERTENSION How They Work DIURETICS Eliminate excess water BETA-BLOCKERS Slow down the heart rate ACE INHIBITORS Block a muscle-contracting enzyme CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS Relax the walls of blood vessels ALPHA-BLOCKERS Inhibit part of the nervous system
治疗高血压药物的作用原理利尿剂去除过量水分 b2阻滞剂减缓过快的心率 ACE 抑制剂拦截收缩肌肉的钙通道阻滞剂扩充血管壁 a2阻滞剂抑制部分神经系统
The drugs work by blocking calcium from initiating muscle contractions in the heart and the walls of blood vessels. This allows blood vessels to relax, reducing blood pressure.
这种药物能够阻断钙离子运行，降低心肌收缩力，减缓血管壁收缩，从而扩张血管、降低血压。
More than 28 million people, including 12.7 million in the U.S., take the drugs under a variety of brand names, from Adalat to Verelan.
包括 1, 270万美国患者在内的全球 2, 800多万名高血压患者目前正在使用各种品牌的钙通道阻滞剂，从 Adalat 到 Verelan 。
Researchers reviewing studies involving 27,000 patients in nine clinical trials found that the risk of heart attack was 27% greater - and the risk of heart failure 26% greater - among users of calcium channel blockers than among patients taking other hypertension drugs.
研究人员进行了九组临床试验，涉及的患者达 27, 000名，他们发现，使用钙通道阻滞剂的患者心脏病发作率比使用其它治疗高血压药物的患者高 27%，患心力衰竭症的患者比率比后者高出 26%。
The good news is that there is quite a broad array, from old standbys like diuretics to the latest designer drugs like ACE inhibitors.
好消息是其它种类的药物非常之多，从利尿剂等可靠的常用药到 ACE 抑制剂等新型药物。
They are among the oldest drugs for hypertension, but they are still considered safe and effective, and should be part of any first-line therapy.
利尿剂是治疗高血压最早使用的药物，目前利尿剂依然被认为安全有效，是治疗高血压的首选应急药物。
Patients suffering from poor circulation or respiratory disease, however, should look to other drugs.
不过患有血液循环或呼吸道疾病的病人则不适于使用这种药物。
ACE inhibitors, now among the most widely prescribed drugs for hypertension, are a newer strategy.
ACE 抑制剂目前是最普遍使用的治疗高血压的处方药，这是一种较新的治疗对策。
Trying to copy the body's strategy, Peter Schultz pioneered a new " combinatorial " chemistry that is sweeping the most advanced labs and is widely used to search for drugs and other biologically active materials.
为仿效人体的应变机理，彼得·舒尔茨开创了一种新的组合化学。目前组合化学正风行于世界各地最先进的实验室里，被广泛应用于寻找药物和其它生物活性物质。
Soon scientists will test digital versions of drugs on digital people rather then real ones.
不久，科学家们将可以在数字人身上，而非真人身上进行数字式的药物测试。
However, because drug companies had already developed protease inhibitors for AIDS patients, they were able to move quickly.
不过，由于一些医药公司已经研制出用于爱滋病患者的蛋白白抑制剂，因而很快就能开发出相关药剂。
All the while, their heart isn't getting potentially life-saving treatment with clot-busting drugs, beta-blockers or emergency angioplasty.
这样一来，患者的心脏将无法得到及时的药物治疗（血液凝块疏通药、役受阻滞药）或手术治疗（血管成形术）。
325 mg is the recommended dose, and chewing gets the drug into the bloodstream faster.
建议吃 325毫克。通过咀嚼，可以加速血液对药物的吸收。
In the book, alphas and epsilons are not bred; they are produced by chemical adjustment in artificial wombs followed by Pavlovian conditioning and brainwashing, then sustained by opiate-like drugs.
在这本书里，α们和ε们不是繁殖出来的，而是制造出来的──首先在人造子宫里经过化学药物调节，然后进行巴甫洛夫式的训练和洗脑，最后依赖一些鸦片之类的药物维持生命。
The annual attack of influenza has bolstered the bottom lines of two of Europe's top drug companies When one of the worst outbreaks of influenza in a decade sent people around the world to bed with coughing, fever and chills, it was hard to imagine a better moment to offer the public a simple treatment more effective than aspirin.
每年一次的流行性感冒为欧洲两家顶级制药公司带来了丰厚的利润正当 10年来爆发的最严重的流行性感冒之一使得世界各地的人们因咳嗽、发烧和发冷而卧床不起时，不难想象，此时正是向公众推荐一比阿司匹林更为有效的简单药物的最好时。
That serendipity has not been lost on two of Europe's biggest drug companies, which have begun battling it out for market share with new high-tech drugs designed to combat the flu virus itself, rather than just its symptoms.
欧洲两家最大的制药公司抓住了这次赚大钱的会，为了抢夺市场份额，它们争相推出了新的高科技药物，这些药物不仅可以缓解感冒的症状，还可以消灭流感病毒。
Glaxo Wellcome of Britain has taken an early lead with its drug, Relenza, which was introduced in August, 1999, in the U.S., and in subsequent months across Europe and in Japan.
英国的葛兰素威康公司先声夺人，其研制的药物 Relenza 于 1999年 8月在美国上市，又在随后的几个月里进入了欧洲和日本市常
Sales figures from the U.S. show that Tamiflu has begun to overtake Relenza as the drug of choice, despite its late arrival on the market.
美国境内的销售数字表明，尽管 Tamiflu 上市较晚，却已经开始取代 Relenza 成为精选药物。
Both drugs are neuraminidase inhibitors, meaning that they inhibit an enzyme that is necessary for the flu virus to replicate in the body.
这两药物都是神经氨酸抑制剂，也就是说它们可以抑制流感病毒在人内繁殖所必需的一的生成。
The difference between the drugs is that Relenza is taken by an inhaler directly into the lungs, while Tamiflu is available as a more convenient pill.
它们之间的区别是 Relenza 须借助吸入器直接吸入肺部，而 Tamiflu 是一服用方便的药片。
Although both companies acknowledge timing the release of their drugs for the annual flu season, this year's epidemic has provided an unexpected publicity bonanza crucial in Europe, where advertising prescription drugs is illegal.
尽管两家制药公司都承认它们特意选在流感多发季节推出了各自的产品，这一年的流感却帮它们创造了意想不到的宣传效应──这在禁止为处方药做广告的欧洲是至关重要的。
Glaxo seems to be arguing that the government's dilemma was of its own making, since the NHS recommended last October that doctors not prescribe the drug.
葛兰素公司似乎正在力求证明，政府陷入困境完全是自作自受，因为国民保健局在去年 10月建议医生不要让病人服用 Relenza 。
Glaxo also said that since the drug was not banned by the NHS British doctors were still writing prescriptions for Relenza, which costs $40 for a course of treatment, and that patients could still claim reimbursement by the health service.
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