disease [ di'zi:z] n.病，疾病；病害
disease [di'zi:z] n. 病,疾病
大病统筹 comprehensive arrangement for serious disease
疯牛病 mad cow disease; bovine spongiform enceohalopathy (BSE)
口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease
艾滋病，后天免疫缺乏症候群 HIV disease
美国疾病控制预防中心 CDC ( US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
晚期 end-stage disease
性传染病 sexually transmitted disease (STD)
血液传染病 blood-borne diseases
blood-borne diseases 血液传染病
CDC ( US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) 美国疾病控制预防中心
end-stage disease 晚期
HIV disease 艾滋病，后天免疫缺乏症候群
sexually transmitted disease (STD) 性传染病
According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
Most important of all, apart from their hometown and parents, students couldn't catch sight of any familiar face and have to suffer from homelessness, which can cause certain serious mental disease.
更重要的是，离开了家乡和父母，看不到任何熟悉的面孔，他们不得不忍受思家之苦，这可能会导致严重的精神疾病。
内科学（含心血管病学、血液病学、呼吸系病学、消化系病学、内分泌与代谢病学、肾脏病学、风湿病学、传染病学） Internal medicine (including Cardiology, Hematology, Respiratory, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nephrology, Rheuma-tology, Infectious Diseases)
Extreme remedies are very appropriate for extreme diseases.
烈性药物对于重病是非常适宜的。
crippled by disease
因患疾病而跛足的
HIV damages the human defense method which makes humans immune to diseases.
艾滋病毒破坏人体中抵御疾病侵袭的防御机制。
The medicine will make you immune to the disease.
这种药可以使你免于感染这种疾病。
The doctor diagnosed my disease as a unique bone disease.
医生把我的病诊断为罕见的骨骼疾病。
After diagnosing the patient's disease, these doctors discussed how to treat it.
医生们经过对这个病人的病情诊断之后, 就讨论如何治疗的问题。
The doctor spent his life combating disease.
这位医生一生都在与疾病作斗争。
The disease is spreading and all the children are at risk.
这种疾病正在蔓延，所有孩子都处于危险之中。
He emphasized that everyone was at risk for the disease.
他强调说每个人都有感染这种疾病的危险。
10 percent of the children in the city were suffering from this disease.
这座城市有10%的儿童得了这种疾病。
The disease infected her eyes, and she became blind.
这种病使她眼睛受感染，并致使她双目失明。
Aid workers say it's worse than ever as disease and severe hunger combine to kill thousands of people.
救援人员说，随着疾病和饥饿夺走了成千上万人的生命，情况变得恶化了。
Scientists searched for the cause of the disease.
科学家们千方百计寻找这种疾病的病因。
The treatment of mental diseases has made great advances.
对于精神病的治疗已经取得了巨大进展。
Some diseases are easy to diagnose as their apparent effects are typical and can be recognized immediately.
有些疾病诊断很容易，因为其症状明显、典型，可以立刻识别。
The disease is spreading, and all children under 5 are at risk.
这疾病正在蔓延，五岁以下的儿童都有被传染的危险。
The trials show that the medicine is quite effective in treating the disease.
实验表明这一药物治疗这种疾病很有效。
Most adults are immune to this disease.
大部分成年人对这疾病有免疫力。
Flies transport different kinds of diseases.
苍蝇传播各种不同的疾病。
Mostly males suffer from that disease; women seldom get it.
大多男性有此病，而女性很少有此病。
The experts are searching for therapy to cure this strange disease.
专家们正在寻找医治这一奇特病症的疗法。
Scientists have made a breakthrough in their treatment of that disease.
科学家们在治疗这种疾病方面取得了突破。
Is there a link between smoking and lung diseases?
吸烟与肺病之间有没有什么联系？
In an epidemic the incidence of a disease is widespread.
发生传染病时，影响范围很广。
Most of the diseased trees were chopped down last year.
大多数的病树在去年给砍倒了。
In this disease spots appear on the legs.
得了这种病, 腿上会出现斑点。
There is a lot of evidence that stress is partly responsible for disease.
有很多证据表明，压力是致病的部分原因。
The disease is spreading, and all children under five are at risk.
疾病在蔓延，5岁以下的孩子都有被传染的危险。
The greatest occurrence of heart disease is in those over 65.
65岁以上的人最容易患心脏病。
No one has come up with an idea as to how to improve plants to make them more resistant to disease.
还没有人想出一个如何改进植物使它们更能抗病的方法。
Cancer is a deadly disease． 癌症是一种致命的疾病。
We are all taking medicine against the disease.我们都服药治疗疾病。
Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs, yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed.
人类自然地对于那些有明显特征的疾病有深刻的印象，然而他们最可怕的敌人往往在未被人注意时慢慢接近他们。
It is reported that this disease attacks the central nervous system.
据报道说这种疾病破坏中枢神经系统。
Many diseases are caused by bacteria.
许多疾病是由细菌引起的。
The poor man has a serious disease of the liver.
这个可怜的人患有严重的肝病。
Flu is an infectious disease characterized by fever, aches and pains and exhaustion.
流感是一种传染病，其特征是发热、全身疼痛和疲乏无力。
What can we do to prevent the disease spreading?
我们能做什么来防止这种疾病蔓延呢？
The rapid spread of the disease is alarming the medical authorities.
这种疾病的迅速蔓延使医疗当局感到忧虑不安。
A disease known is half cured.
病情确诊断，治病好一半。
Disease, enemy, and debt --these three must be cut off as soon as they begin to grow.
病，仇与债这三者，一露苗头就砍掉。
Diseases of the soul are more dangerous than those of the body.
心灵上的疾病比肉体上的疾病更危险。
Diseases are the price of ill pleasures.
疾病是不正当娱乐的代价。
Diseases come on horseback, but go away on foot.
病来如山倒，病去如抽丝。
Many dishes, many diseases.
多吃多病。
The doctor is often more to be feared than the disease.
医生往往比疾病更令人生畏。
The remedy is worse than the disease.
医疗不得法，使病更糟糕。
To know the disease is half the cure.
找出病根等于治愈了一半。
Diseases of the soul are more dangerous than those of the body.
M. T Cicero.Ancient Roman orator and statesman
心灵上的疾病比身体上的疾病更危险。
古罗马演说家、政治家西塞罗.M.T.
- feel a lump in one's throat 心里感到很难受
I felt a lump in my throat on hearing her story of fighting with the deadly disease.
- be at the mercy of 受……支配
When you get this kind of disease, your life is at the mercy of God.
病害 disease
病态的 diseased; morbid; clammy
疾病 malady; disease; ill; illness; infirmity; sickness; ailment
不健全的 undound; morbid; unsound; diseased
暗疾 [àn jí] /unmentionable disease/a disease one is shamed of/
包治百病 [bāo zhì bǎi bìng] /guarantee to cure all diseases/
标本 [biāo běn] /specimen/sample/the root cause and symptoms of a disease/
病 [bìng] /ailment/sickness/illness/disease/fall ill/sick/defect/
病程 [bìng chéng] /course of disease/
病虫害 [bìng chóng hài] /plant diseases and insect pests/
病害 [bìng hài] /plant disease/
病入膏肓 [bìng rù gāo huāng] /the disease has attacked the vitals - beyond cure/
病象 [bìng xiàng] /symptom (of a disease)/
病因 [bìng yīn] /cause of disease/pathogen/
病原 [bìng yuán] /cause of disease/pathogeny/
病征 [bìng zhēng] /symptom (of a disease)/
病症 [bìng zhèng] /disease/illness/
病株 [bìng zhū] /diseased or infected plant/
病状 [bìng zhuàng] /symptom (of a disease)/
不治之症 [bù zhì zhī zhèng] /incurable disease/
瘥 [chài] /recover from disease/
传染病 [chuán rǎn bìng] /infectious disease/contagious disease/pestilence/
瘥 [cuó] /disease/
瘅 [dān] /(disease)/
得病 [dé bìng] /to fall ill/to contract a disease/
发病 [fā bìng] /onset/outbreak (of a disease)/
发病率 [fā bìng lǜ] /incidence of a disease/disease rate/
防疫 [fáng yì] /(n) disease prevention; epidemic prevention/
痼 [gù] /obstinate disease/
锢 [gù] /obstinate disease/restrain/to stop/
患 [huàn] /misfortune/suffer (from illness)/trouble/danger/worry/to contract (a disease)/
疾 [jí] /sickness/disease/hate/envy/
疾病 [jí bìng] /disease/sickness/ailment/
疾病预防中心 [jí bìng yù fáng zhōng xīn] /(U.S.) Center for Disease Control/
疚 [jiù] /chronic disease/
癞 [lài] /scabies/skin disease/
老年痴呆 [lǎo nián chī dāi] /senile dementia/Alzheimer’s disease/
老年痴呆症 [lǎo nián chī dāi zhèng] /senile dementia/Alzheimer’s disease/
淋 [lìn] /diseases of the bladder/to drain/to drip/
流行 [liú xíng] /to spread/to rage (of contagious disease)/popular/fashionable/prevalent/(math.) manifold/
流行病 [liú xíng bìng] /epidemic disease/
免疫 [miǎn yì] /immunity (to disease)/
侵入性 [qīn rù xìng] /invasive (e.g., disease or procedure)/
却病 [què bìng] /to prevent or treat a disease/
染 [rǎn] /to catch (a disease)/dye/
暑瘟 [shǔ wēn] /tropical disease/summertime disease/
心脏病 [xīn zàng bìng] /heart disease/
心脏疾患 [xīn zàng jí huàn] /heart disease/
性病 [xìng bìng] /venereal disease/sexually transmitted disease/VD/
症 [zhèng] /disease/illness/
猪链球菌病 [zhū liàn qiú jūn bìng] /streptococcus suis (swine-borne disease)/
Physicians — frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient — too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.
医生由于不能治愈疾病，同时又担心病人失去希望，常常采用极端大胆的治疗方法，这些方法远远超出了科学能够认同的界限。
But big dams tend not to work as intended.
但大坝不会像预期的那样产生效果。
The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left — all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
以阿斯旺大坝为例，它阻止了尼罗河洪水泛滥，但也使埃及失去了洪水冲击过后留下的肥沃土壤，换回来的是这么一个疾病滋生的水库。现在这个水库积满了淤泥，几乎不能发电了。
{adj: acritical} without a crisis (as of some diseases)
{adj: afflicted, stricken} grievously affected especially by disease
{adj: antimicrobial, antimicrobic} capable of destroying or inhibiting the growth of disease-causing microorganisms
{adj: antiseptic} thoroughly clean and free of or destructive to disease-causing organisms
"doctors in antiseptic green coats"
"the antiseptic effect of alcohol"
"it is said that marjoram has antiseptic qualities"
<-> septic
{adj: arterial} of or involving or contained in the arteries
"arterial disease"
"the arterial system"
"arterial blood"
{adj: articular, articulary} relating to or affecting the joints of the body
"the articular surfaces of bones"
"articular disease"
{adj: asymptomatic, symptomless} having no symptoms of illness or disease
{adj: atrioventricular, auriculoventricular} relating to or affecting the atria and ventricles of the heart
"atrioventricular disease"
{adj: atrophied, wasted, diminished} (of an organ or body part) diminished in size or strength as a result of disease or injury or lack of use
"partial paralysis resulted in an atrophied left arm"
<-> hypertrophied
{adj: avirulent} not virulent; unable to produce disease
<-> virulent
{adj: awful, dire, direful, dread, dreaded, dreadful, fearful, fearsome, frightening, horrendous, horrific, terrible} causing fear or dread or terror
"the awful war"
"an awful risk"
"dire news"
"a career or vengeance so direful that London was shocked"
"the dread presence of the headmaster"
"polio is no longer the dreaded disease it once was"
"a dreadful storm"
"a fearful howling"
"horrendous explosions shook the city"
"a terrible curse"
{adj: bad, unfit, unsound} physically unsound or diseased
"has a bad back"
"a bad heart"
"bad teeth"
"an unsound limb"
"unsound teeth"
{adj: bony, cadaverous, emaciated, gaunt, haggard, pinched, skeletal, wasted} very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold
"emaciated bony hands"
"a nightmare population of gaunt men and skeletal boys"
"eyes were haggard and cavernous"
"small pinched faces"
"kept life in his wasted frame only by grim concentration"
{adj: catarrhal} of or relating to a catarrh
"catarrhal fever is any of several respiratory or oral diseases of livestock such as bluetongue in horses and sheep"
{adj: catching, communicable, contagious, contractable, transmissible, transmittable} (of disease) capable of being transmitted by infection
{adj: celiac} belonging to or prescribed for celiac disease
"a celiac diet"
{adj: citrous} of or relating to plants of the genus Citrus
"a citrous disease"
{adj: congestive} relating to or affected by an abnormal collection of blood or other fluid
"congestive heart disease"
{adj: curable} curing or healing is possible
"curable diseases"
<-> incurable
{adj: dangerous, grave, grievous, serious, severe, life-threatening} causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm
"a dangerous operation"
"a grave situation"
"a grave illness"
"grievous bodily harm"
"a serious wound"
"a serious turn of events"
"a severe case of pneumonia"
"a life-threatening disease"
{adj: deadly} (of a disease) having a rapid course and violent effect
{adj: degenerative} (of illness) marked by gradual deterioration of organs and cells along with loss of function
"degenerative diseases of old age"
{adj: depopulated} having lost inhabitants as by war or disease
"the 15th century plagues left vast areas of Europe depopulated"
{adj: diagnostic, symptomatic} characteristic or indicative of e.g. a disease
"a diagnostic sign of yellow fever"
"diagnostic information"
"a rash symptomatic of scarlet fever"
"symptomatic of insanity"
"a rise in crime symptomatic of social breakdown"
{adj: direct, unmediated} having no intervening persons, agents, conditions
"in direct sunlight"
"in direct contact with the voters"
"direct exposure to the disease"
"a direct link"
"the direct cause of the accident"
"direct vote"
{adj: diseased, morbid, pathologic, pathological} caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology
"diseased tonsils"
"a morbid growth"
"pathologic tissue"
"pathological bodily processes"
{adj: disgusting, disgustful, distasteful, foul, loathly, loathsome, repellent, repellant, repelling, revolting, skanky, wicked, yucky} highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust
"a disgusting smell"
"distasteful language"
"a loathsome disease"
"the idea of eating meat is repellent to me"
"revolting food"
"a wicked stench"
{adj: ecdemic} of or relating to a disease that originates outside the locality in which it occurs
<-> endemic, epidemic
{adj: empirical, empiric} derived from experiment and observation rather than theory
"an empirical basis for an ethical theory"
"empirical laws"
"empirical data"
"an empirical treatment of a disease about which little is known"
<-> theoretical
{adj: endemic, endemical} of or relating to a disease (or anything resembling a disease) constantly present to greater or lesser extent in a particular locality
"diseases endemic to the tropics"
"endemic malaria"
"food shortages and starvation are endemic in certain parts of the world"
<-> epidemic, ecdemic
{adj: enzootic} of a disease that is constantly present in an animal community but only occurs in a small number of cases
{adj: epidemic} (especially of medicine) of disease or anything resembling a disease; attacking or affecting many individuals in a community or a population simultaneously
"an epidemic outbreak of influenza"
<-> endemic, ecdemic
{adj: epizootic} (of animals) epidemic among animals of a single kind within a particular region
"an epizootic disease"
{adj: eruptive} producing or characterized by eruptions
"an eruptive disease"
{adj: etiological, etiologic, aetiological, aetiologic} relating to the etiology of a disease
"etiological agent"
{adj: familial, genetic, hereditary, inherited, transmitted, transmissible} tending to occur among members of a family usually by heredity
"an inherited disease"
"familial traits"
"genetically transmitted features"
{adj: foaming, foamy, frothing} producing or covered with lathery sweat or saliva from exhaustion or disease
"the rabid animal's frothing mouth"
{adj: genital, venereal} of or relating to the external sex organs
"genital herpes"
"venereal disease"
{adj: healthy} having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease
"a rosy healthy baby"
"staying fit and healthy"
<-> unhealthy
{adj: heart-healthy} of foods that are low in fats and sodium and other ingredients that may foster heart disease
{adj: idiopathic} (of diseases) arising from an unknown cause
"idiopathic epilepsy"
{adj: immune, resistant} relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection)
{adj: immunized, immunised, vaccinated} having been rendered unsusceptible to a disease
{adj: incurable} incapable of being cured
"an incurable disease"
"an incurable addiction to smoking"
<-> curable
{adj: indolent} (of tumors e.g) slow to heal or develop and usually painless
"an indolent ulcer"
"leprosy is an indolent infectious disease"
{adj: infectious, infective} caused by infection or capable of causing infection
"viruses and other infective agents"
"a carrier remains infective without himself showing signs of the disease"
{adj: infectious} of or relating to infection
"infectious hospital"
"infectious disease"
{adj: infective, morbific, pathogenic} able to cause disease
"infective agents"
"pathogenic bacteria"
{adj: insidious, pernicious, subtle} working or spreading in a hidden and usually injurious way
"glaucoma is an insidious disease"
"a subtle poison"
{adj: intestinal, enteric, enteral} of or relating to or inside the intestines
"intestinal disease"
{adj: late, later} at or toward an end or late period or stage of development
"the late phase of feudalism"
"a later symptom of the disease"
"later medical science could have saved the child"
<-> early
{adj: lay} not of or from a profession
"a lay opinion as to the cause of the disease"
{adj: mediate} acting through or dependent on an intervening agency
"the disease spread by mediate as well as direct contact"
<-> immediate
{adj: medical} requiring or amenable to treatment by medicine especially as opposed to surgery
"medical treatment"
"pneumonia is a medical disease"
<-> surgical
{adj: multifactorial} involving or depending on several factors or causes (especially pertaining to a condition or disease resulting from the interaction of many genes)
{adj: myopathic} of or relating to any disease of the muscles that is not caused by nerve dysfunction
{adj: negative, disconfirming} not indicating the presence of microorganisms or disease or a specific condition
"the HIV test was negative"
<-> positive
{adj: nervous, neural} of or relating to the nervous system
"nervous disease"
"neural disorder"
{adj: noncommunicable, noncontagious, nontransmissible} (of disease) not capable of being passed on
{adj: notifiable} requiring that official notification be given
"a notifiable disease"
{adj: ocular, optic, optical, opthalmic} of or relating to or resembling the eye
"ocular muscles"
"an ocular organ"
"ocular diseases"
"the optic (or optical) axis of the eye"
"an ocular spot is a pigmented organ or part believed to be sensitive to light"
{adj: organic} involving or affecting physiology or bodily organs
"an organic disease"
<-> functional
{adj: periodontic, periodontal} of or relating to or involving or practicing periodontics
"periodontal disease"
{adj: pestilent, pestilential, pestiferous, plaguey} likely to spread and cause an epidemic disease
"a pestilential malignancy in the air"- Jonathan Swift
"plaguey fevers"
{adj: pneumonic, pulmonary, pulmonic} relating to or affecting the lungs
"pulmonary disease"
{adj: pocked, pockmarked} marked by or as if by smallpox or acne or other eruptive skin disease
{adj: preclinical, presymptomatic} of or relating to the early phases of a disease when accurate diagnosis is not possible because symptoms of the disease have not yet appeared
{adj: predisposed} made susceptible
"because of conditions in the mine, miners are predisposed to lung disease"
{adj: preventive, preventative, prophylactic} preventing or contributing to the prevention of disease
"preventive medicine"
"vaccines are prophylactic"
"a prophylactic drug"
{adj: prodromal, prodromic} symptomatic of the onset of an attack or a disease
{adj: remittent} (of a disease) characterized by periods of diminished severity
"a remittent fever"
{adj: scrofulous} having a diseased appearance resembling scrofula
"our canoe...lay with her scrofulous sides on the shore"- Farley Mowat
{adj: self-limited} relating to a disease that tends to run a definite course without treatment
{adj: septic, infected} containing or resulting from disease-causing organisms
"a septic sore throat"
"a septic environment"
"septic sewage"
<-> antiseptic
{adj: specific} being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition; used also of stains or dyes used in making microscope slides
"quinine is highly specific for malaria"
"a specific remedy"
"a specific stain is one having a specific affinity for particular structural elements"
<-> nonspecific
{adj: subacute} less than acute; relating to a disease present in a person with no symptoms of it
{adj: subclinical} relating to the stage in the development of a disease before the symptoms are observed
{adj: symptomatic} relating to or according to or affecting a symptom or symptoms
"symptomatic relief"
"symptomatic treatment"
"a symptomatic classification of diseases"
{adj: tardive} late-occurring (especially with reference to symptoms of a disease)
"tardive dyskinesia"
{adj: undiagnosed} eluding diagnosis
"undiagnosed disease"
{adj: unhygienic} so unclean as to be a likely cause of disease
"pathetic dogs kept in small unhygienic cages"
{adj: untreated} not given medical care or treatment
"an untreated disease"
"the untreated wounded lay on makeshift cots"
<-> treated
{adj: virulent} infectious; having the ability to cause disease
<-> avirulent
{n: AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome} a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles
{n: Addison's disease, Addison's syndrome, hypoadrenalism, hypoadrenocorticism} a glandular disorder caused by failure of function of the cortex of the adrenal gland and marked by anemia and prostration with brownish skin
{n: Aditi} a Hindu goddess who releases from sin or disease; mother of the Adityas
{n: Agrobacterium tumefaciens} the bacteria that produce crown gall disease in plants
{n: Albright's disease, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia} fibrous dysplasia of bone affecting multiple bones
{n: Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's, Alzheimers} a progressive form of presenile dementia that is similar to senile dementia except that it usually starts in the 40s or 50s; first symptoms are impaired memory which is followed by impaired thought and speech and finally complete helplessness
{n: Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus} striped native of Japan thriving in southwestern and midwestern United States and spreading to the Caribbean; potential carrier of serious diseases
{n: Banti's disease, Banti's syndrome} a disease characterized by congestion and enlargement of the spleen; accompanied by anemia or cirrhosis
{n: Borrelia burgdorferi, Lime disease spirochete} cause of Lyme disease; transmitted primarily by ticks of genus Ixodes
{n: Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC} a federal agency in the Department of Health and Human Services; located in Atlanta; investigates and diagnoses and tries to control or prevent diseases (especially new and unusual diseases)
{n: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy} a form of neuropathy that can begin between childhood and young adulthood; characterized by weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the hands and lower legs; progression is slow and individuals affected can have a normal life span; inheritance is X-linked recessive or X-linked dominant
{n: Chlamydia psittaci, C. psittaci} bacteria responsible for the sexually transmitted disease chlamydia
{n: Chlamydia trachomatis, C. trachomatis} bacteria responsible for the sexually transmitted diseases chlamydia and lymphogranuloma venereum
{n: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, CJD, Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease} rare (usually fatal) brain disease (usually in middle age) caused by an unidentified slow virus; characterized by progressive dementia and gradual loss of muscle control
{n: Crohn, Burrill Bernard Crohn} United States physician who specialized in diseases of the intestines; he was the first to describe regional ileitis which is now known as Crohn's disease (1884-1983)
{n: Cushing's disease, hyperadrenalism} a glandular disorder caused by excessive ACTH resulting in greater than normal functioning of the adrenal gland; characterized by obesity
{n: Dermacentor, genus Dermacentor} vectors of important diseases of man and animals
{n: Dutch elm disease} disease of elms caused by a fungus
{n: Dutch elm fungus, Ceratostomella ulmi} fungus causing Dutch elm disease
{n: Dutch-elm beetle, Scolytus multistriatus} a vector of the fungus causing Dutch elm disease
{n: Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Ebola fever, Ebola} a severe and often fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates (monkeys and chimpanzees) caused by the Ebola virus; characterized by high fever and severe internal bleeding; can be spread from person to person; is largely limited to Africa
{n: Filoviridae} a family of threadlike RNA viruses that cause diseases in humans and nonhuman primates (monkeys and chimpanzees)
{n: Funk, Casimir Funk} United States biochemist (born in Poland) who showed that several diseases were caused by dietary deficiencies and who coined the term `vitamin' for the chemicals involved (1884-1967)
{n: Gaucher's disease} a rare chronic disorder of lipid metabolism of genetic origin
{n: German measles, rubella, three-day measles, epidemic roseola} a contagious viral disease that is a milder form of measles lasting three or four days; can be damaging to a fetus during the first trimester
{n: Graves' disease, exophthalmic goiter} exophthalmos occurring in association with goiter; hyperthyroidism with protrusion of the eyeballs
{n: Guinea worm disease, Guinea worm, dracunculiasis} a painful and debilitating infestation contracted by drinking stagnant water contaminated with Guinea worm larvae that can mature inside a human's abdomen until the worm emerges through a painful blister in the person's skin
{n: HDL cholesterol} the cholesterol in high-density lipoproteins; the `good' cholesterol; a high level in the blood is thought to lower the risk of coronary artery disease
{n: Haldane, John Haldane, John Scott Haldane} Scottish physiologist and brother of Richard Haldane and Elizabeth Haldane; noted for research into industrial diseases (1860-1936)
{n: Hand-Schuller-Christian disease, Schuller-Christian disease} inflammatory histiocytosis associated with disturbance of cholesterol metabolism; occurs chiefly in young children and is characterized by cystic defects of the skull and diabetes insipidus
{n: Hashimoto's disease} autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland; most common in middle-aged women
{n: Heliobacter pylori, H. pylori} the type species of genus Heliobacter; produces urease and is associated with several gastroduodenal diseases (including gastritis and gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers and other peptic ulcers)
{n: Hirschsprung's disease, congenital megacolon} congenital condition in which the colon does not have the normal network of nerves; there is little urge to defecate so the feces accumulate and cause megacolon
{n: Hodgkin's disease} a malignant disorder in which there is progressive (but painless) enlargement of lymph tissue followed by enlargement of the spleen and liver
{n: Hodgkin, Thomas Hodgkin} English physician who first described Hodgkin's disease (1798-1866)
{n: Huntington's chorea, Huntington's disease} hereditary disease; develops in adulthood and ends in dementia
{n: Hurler's syndrome, Hurler's disease, gargoylism, dysostosis multiplex, lipochondrodystrophy} hereditary disease (autosomal recessive) consisting of an error is mucopolysaccharide metabolism; characterized by severe abnormalities in development of skeletal cartilage and bone and mental retardation
{n: Ixodes dentatus} usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to cottontail rabbits and wood rats
{n: Ixodes neotomae} a tick that usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to dusky-footed wood rats
{n: Ixodes pacificus, western black-legged tick} feeds on dusky-footed wood rat and bites humans; principal vector for Lyme disease in western United States especially northern California
{n: Ixodes persulcatus} bites humans; a vector for Lyme disease spirochete
{n: Ixodes scapularis, black-legged tick} parasitic on mice of genus Peromyscus and bites humans; principal vector for Lyme disease in eastern United States (especially New England); northern form was for a time known as Ixodes dammini (deer tick)
{n: Ixodes spinipalpis} usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to cottontail rabbits and wood rats
{n: Kawasaki disease, mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome} an acute disease of young children characterized by a rash and swollen lymph nodes and fever; of unknown cause
{n: Kayser-Fleischer ring} a pigmented ring at the outer edge of the cornea of the eye; a symptom of Wilson's disease
{n: L-dopa, levodopa, Bendopa, Brocadopa, Larodopa} the levorotatory form of dopa (trade names Bendopa and Brocadopa and Larodopa); as a drug it is used to treat Parkinson's disease
{n: Lambert-Eaton syndrome, Eaton-Lambert syndrome, myasthenic syndrome, carcinomatous myopathy} a disease seen in patients with lung cancer and characterized by weakness and fatigue of hip and thigh muscles and an aching back; caused by antibodies directed against the neuromuscular junctions
{n: Lassa fever} an acute contagious viral disease of central western Africa; characterized by fever and inflammation and muscular pains and difficulty swallowing; can be used as a bioweapon
{n: Lazarus} the diseased beggar in Jesus' parable of the rich man and the beggar
{n: Legionella pneumophilia, legionella} the motile aerobic rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium that thrives in central heating and air conditioning systems and can cause Legionnaires' disease
{n: Legionnaires' disease} acute (sometimes fatal) lobar pneumonia caused by bacteria of a kind first recognized after an outbreak of the disease at an American Legion convention in Philadelphia in 1976; characterized by fever and muscle and chest pain and headache and chills and a dry cough
{n: Lyme disease, Lyme arthritis} an acute inflammatory disease characterized by a rash with joint swelling and fever; caused by bacteria carried by the bite of a deer tick
{n: Marburg disease, Marburg hemorrhagic fever, green monkey disease} a viral disease of green monkeys caused by the Marburg virus; when transmitted to humans it causes serious or fatal illness
{n: Marburg virus} a filovirus that causes Marburg disease; carried by animals; can be used as a bioweapon
{n: Marfan's syndrome} an autosomal dominant disease characterized by elongated bones (especially of limbs and digits) and abnormalities of the eyes and circulatory system
{n: Marseilles fever, Kenya fever, Indian tick fever, boutonneuse fever} a disease (common in India and around the Mediterranean area) caused by a rickettsia that is transmitted to humans by a reddish brown tick (ixodid) that lives on dogs and other mammals
{n: McArdle's disease} an inherited disease in which abnormal amounts of glycogen accumulate in skeletal muscle; results in weakness and cramping
{n: Meniere's disease} a disease of the inner ear characterized by episodes of dizziness and tinnitus and progressive hearing loss (usually unilateral)
{n: Meniere, Prosper Meniere} French otologist who first described a form of vertigo now known as Meniere's disease and identified the semicircular canals as the site of the lesion (1799-1862)
{n: Mesmer, Franz Anton Mesmer, Friedrich Anton Mesmer} Austrian physician who tried to treat diseases with a form of hypnotism (1734-1815)
{n: Minamata disease} a form of mercury poisoning among people who ate fish from mercury-contaminated waters of Minamata Bay off Japan in the 1950s; characterized by severe neurological degeneration
{n: Newcastle disease} disease of domestic fowl and other birds
{n: Niemann-Pick disease} a disorder of lipid metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait
{n: Paget's disease, osteitis deformans} a disease of bone occurring in the middle aged and elderly; excessive bone destruction sometimes leading to bone pain and fractures and skeletal deformities
{n: Pick's disease} a progressive form of presenile dementia found most often in middle-aged and elderly women and characterized by degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes with loss of intellectual ability and transitory aphasia
{n: Pott's disease} TB of the spine with destruction of vertebrae resulting in curvature of the spine
{n: Q fever} an acute disease resembling influenza
{n: Reiter's syndrome, Reiter's disease} an inflammatory syndrome (etiology unknown) predominantly in males; characterized by arthritis and conjunctivitis and urethritis
{n: Reiter, Hans Conrad Julius Reiter} German bacteriologist who described a disease now known as Reiter's syndrome and who identified the spirochete that causes syphilis in humans (1881-1969)
{n: Rickettsiaceae, family Rickettsiaceae} microorganism resembling bacteria inhabiting arthropod tissues but capable of causing disease in vertebrates
{n: Sclerotium, genus Sclerotium} form genus of sterile imperfect fungi; many form sclerotia; some cause sclerotium disease in plants
{n: Spielmeyer-Vogt disease, juvenile amaurotic idiocy} a congenital progressive disorder of lipid metabolism having an onset at age 5 and characterized by blindness and dementia and early death
{n: Still's disease, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis} a form of rheumatoid arthritis that affects children; large joints become inflamed and bone growth may be retarded
{n: Takayasu's arteritis, pulseless disease} disorder characterized by the absence of a pulse in both arms and in the carotid arteries
{n: Tay-Sachs disease, Tay-Sachs, Sachs disease, infantile amaurotic idiocy} a hereditary disorder of lipid metabolism occuring most frequently in individuals of Jewish descent in eastern Europe; accumulation of lipids in nervous tissue results in death in early childhood
{n: Texas fever} an infectious disease of cattle transmitted by the cattle tick
{n: Ustilaginoidea, genus Ustilaginoidea} genus of imperfect fungi causing plant diseases like smut
{n: Virchow, Rudolf Virchow, Rudolf Karl Virchow} German pathologist who recognized that all cells come from cells by binary fission and who emphasized cellular abnormalities in disease (1821-1902)
{n: Weil's disease} a severe form of leptospirosis in human beings
{n: Werdnig-Hoffman disease} autosomal recessive disease in which the degeneration of spinal nerve cells and brain nerve cells leads to atrophy of skeletal muscles and flaccid paralysis; death usually occurs in early childhood
{n: Wernicke's encephalopathy} inflammatory degenerative disease of the brain caused by thiamine deficiency that is usually associated with alcoholism
{n: acanthosis nigricans, keratosis nigricans} a skin disease characterized by dark wartlike patches in the body folds; can be benign or malignant
{n: acne rosacea, rosacea} a skin disease of adults (more often women) in which blood vessels of the face enlarge resulting in a flushed appearance
{n: acne} an inflammatory disease involving the sebaceous glands of the skin; characterized by papules or pustules or comedones
{n: acquired immunity} immunity to a particular disease that is not innate but has been acquired during life; immunity can be acquired by the development of antibodies after an attack of an infectious disease or by a pregnant mother passing antibodies through the placenta to a fetus or by vaccination
{n: actinomyces} soil-inhabiting saprophytes and disease-producing plant and animal parasites
{n: actinomycosis} disease of cattle that can be transmitted to humans; results from infection with actinomycetes; characterized by hard swellings that exude pus through long sinuses
{n: active immunity} a form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens
{n: acupuncture, stylostixis} treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin
{n: acyclovir, Zovirax} an oral antiviral drug (trade name Zovirax) used to treat genital herpes; does not cure the disease but relieves the symptoms
{n: adenopathy} a glandular disease or enlargement of glandular tissue (especially of the lymph glands)
{n: adenosine deaminase, ADA} an enzyme found in mammals that can catalyze the deamination of adenosine into inosine and ammonia
"ADA deficiency can lead to one form of severe combined immunodeficiency disease"
"the gene encoding ADA was one of the earlier human genes to be isolated and cloned for study"
{n: agent} an active and efficient cause; capable of producing a certain effect
"their research uncovered new disease agents"
{n: aggravation, exacerbation} action that makes a problem or a disease (or its symptoms) worse
"the aggravation of her condition resulted from lack of care"
{n: ailment, complaint, ill} an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining
{n: alder blight} a disease of alders caused by the woolly alder aphid (a plant louse)
{n: allopathy} the usual method of treating disease with remedies that produce effects differing from those produced by the disease itself
<-> homeopathy
{n: alopecia} loss of hair (especially on the head) or loss of wool or feathers; in humans it can result from heredity or hormonal imbalance or certain diseases or drugs and treatments (chemotherapy for cancer)
{n: amaurosis} partial or total loss of sight without pathology of the eye; caused by disease of optic nerve or retina or brain
{n: amebiasis, amoebiasis, amebiosis, amoebiosis} infection by a disease-causing ameba
{n: amyloid plaque, amyloid protein plaque} a plaque consisting of tangles of amyloid protein in nervous tissue (a pathological mark of Alzheimer's disease)
{n: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS, Lou Gehrig's disease} thickening of tissue in the motor tracts of the lateral columns and anterior horns of the spinal cord; results in progressive muscle atrophy that starts in the limbs
{n: anaplasmosis} a disease of cattle that is transmitted by cattle ticks; similar to Texas fever
{n: anatoxin, toxoid} a bacterial toxin that has been weakened until it is no longer toxic but is strong enough to induce the formation of antibodies and immunity to the specific disease caused by the toxin
"diphtheria toxoid"
{n: aneurysm, aneurism} a cardiovascular disease characterized by a saclike widening of an artery resulting from weakening of the artery wall
{n: angina} any disease of the throat or fauces marked by spasmodic attacks of intense suffocative pain
{n: angiopathy} any disease of the blood vessels or lymph ducts
{n: animal disease} a disease that typically does not affect human beings
{n: ankylosing spondylitis, Marie-Strumpell disease, rheumatoid spondylitis} a chronic form of spondylitis primarily in males and marked by impaired mobility of the spine; sometimes leads to ankylosis
{n: anthracosis, black lung, black lung disease, coal miner's lung} lung disease caused by inhaling coal dust
{n: anthrax, splenic fever} a highly infectious animal disease (especially cattle and sheep); it can be transmitted to people
{n: anthrax} a disease of humans that is not communicable; caused by infection with Bacillus anthracis followed by septicemia
{n: antiprotozoal, antiprotozoal drug} a medicinal drug used to fight diseases (like malaria) that are caused by protozoa
{n: antiseptic} a substance that destroys micro-organisms that carry disease without harming body tissues
{n: antiserum} blood serum containing antibodies against specific antigens; provides immunity to a disease
{n: apple blight, apple canker} a disease of apple trees
{n: aptness, propensity} a disposition to behave in a certain way
"the aptness of iron to rust"
"the propensity of disease to spread"
{n: araroba, Goa powder, chrysarobin} a bitter yellow powder used to treat skin diseases
{n: arterial blood gases} measurement of the pH level and the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in arterial blood; important in diagnosis of many respiratory diseases
{n: arteriosclerosis, arterial sclerosis, hardening of the arteries, induration of the arteries, coronary-artery disease} sclerosis of the arterial walls
{n: asbestosis} lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles
{n: aspergillosis, brooder pneumonia} severe respiratory disease of birds that takes the form of an acute rapidly fatal pneumonia in young chickens and turkeys
{n: aspergillosis} disease especially in agricultural workers caused by inhalation of Aspergillus spores causing lumps in skin and ears and respiratory organs
{n: atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease} a stage of arteriosclerosis involving fatty deposits (atheromas) inside the arterial walls
{n: atrophy, wasting, wasting away} a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse
{n: atypical pneumonia, primary atypical pneumonia, mycoplasmal pneumonia} an acute respiratory disease marked by high fever and coughing; caused by mycoplasma; primarily affecting children and young adults
{n: autoimmune disease, autoimmune disorder} any of a large group of diseases characterized by abnormal functioning of the immune system that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against your own tissues
{n: autoimmunity} production of antibodies against the tissues of your own body; produces autoimmune disease or hypersensitivity reactions
{n: autopsy, necropsy, postmortem, post-mortem, PM, postmortem examination, post-mortem examination} an examination and dissection of a dead body to determine cause of death or the changes produced by disease
{n: autosomal dominant disease, autosomal dominant disorder} a disease caused by a dominant mutant gene on an autosome
{n: autosomal recessive disease, autosomal recessive defect} a disease caused by the presence of two recessive mutant genes on an autosome
{n: avitaminosis, hypovitaminosis} any of several diseases caused by deficiency of one or more vitamins
{n: bacteriology} the branch of medical science that studies bacteria in relation to disease
{n: balsam of Peru} dark brown syrupy balsam from the Peruvian balsam tree used especially in dressing wounds and treating certain skin diseases
{n: beet blight} a disease of beet plants
{n: bighead} any of various diseases of animals characterized by edema of the head and neck
{n: biopsy} examination of tissues or liquids from the living body to determine the existence or cause of a disease
{n: biosafety level 1} exposure only to infectious agents that do not ordinarily cause human disease
{n: biosafety level 2} exposure to infectious agents that can cause disease in humans but whose potential for transmission is limited
{n: biosafety level 4} exposure to exotic infectious agents that pose a high risk of life-threatening disease and can be transmitted as an aerosol and for which there is no vaccine or therapy
{n: black disease, sheep rot, liver rot, distomatosis} a disease of the liver (especially in sheep and cattle) caused by liver flukes and their by-products
{n: black knot} disease of plum and cherry trees characterized by black excrescences on the branches
{n: black rot} a fungous disease causing darkening and decay of the leaves of fruits and vegetables
{n: black spot} any of several fungous diseases of plants that produce small black spots on the plant
{n: blackheart} any of various diseases in which the central tissues blacken
{n: blackwater} any of several human or animal diseases characterized by dark urine resulting from rapid breakdown of red blood cells
{n: blastomycete} any of various yeastlike budding fungi of the genus Blastomyces; cause disease in humans and other animals
{n: blight} any plant disease resulting in withering without rotting
{n: blister blight} a disease of Scotch pines
{n: blister blight} a disease of tea plants
{n: blister rust, white-pine rust, white pine blister rust} any of several diseases of pines caused by rust fungi of the genus Cronartium and marked by destructive invasion of bark and sapwood and producing blisters externally
{n: blood disease, blood disorder} a disease or disorder of the blood
{n: blue mold fungus, Peronospora tabacina} fungus causing a serious disease in tobacco plants characterized by bluish-grey mildew on undersides of leaves
{n: bluetongue} a viral disease of sheep and cattle that is transmitted by biting midges
{n: bonyness, boniness, emaciation, gauntness, maceration} extreme leanness (usually caused by starvation or disease)
{n: bottom rot} fungous disease of lettuce that first rots lower leaves and spreads upward
{n: bovine spongiform encephalitis, BSE, mad cow disease} a fatal disease of cattle that affects the central nervous system; causes staggering and agitation
{n: brain disorder, encephalopathy, brain disease} any disorder or disease of the brain
{n: brown rot gummosis, gummosis} disease of citrus trees caused by the fungus Phytophthora citrophthora
{n: brown rot} any of certain fungous diseases of plants characterized by browning and decay of tissues
{n: brucellosis, contagious abortion, Bang's disease} an infectious disease of domestic animals often resulting in spontaneous abortion; transmittable to human beings
{n: brucellosis, undulant fever, Malta fever, Gibraltar fever, Rock fever, Mediterranean fever} infectious bacterial disease of human beings transmitted by contact with infected animals or infected meat or milk products; characterized by fever and headache
{n: bull nose} a disease of pigs resulting in swelling of the snout
{n: bunt, stinking smut} disease of wheat characterized by replacement of the grains with greasy masses of smelly smut spores
{n: cachexia, cachexy, wasting} any general reduction in vitality and strength of body and mind resulting from a debilitating chronic disease
{n: camelpox} a viral disease of camels closely related to smallpox
"with a little genetic engineering camelpox could be used as a bioweapon"
{n: cancer, malignant neoplastic disease} any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream
{n: candidiasis, moniliasis, monilia disease} an infection caused by fungi of the genus Monilia or Candida (especially Candida albicans)
{n: cane blight} a disease affecting the canes of various bush fruits (e.g., raspberries or currants)
{n: canicola fever} an acute feverish disease in people and in dogs marked by gastroenteritis and mild jaundice
{n: canine distemper} a viral disease of young dogs characterized by high fever and respiratory inflammation
{n: canker} a fungal disease of woody plants that causes localized damage to the bark
{n: cardiology} the branch of medicine dealing with the heart and its diseases
{n: cardiovascular disease} a disease of the heart or blood vessels
{n: carvedilol} beta blocker that can reduce the progression of heart failure in individuals whose disease is not advanced
{n: case-fatality proportion} the number of cases of a disease ending in death divided by the number of cases of the disease; usually expressed as a percentage or as the number of deaths per 1000 cases
{n: case-to-infection proportion, case-to-infection ratio} the number of cases of a disease divided by the number of infections with the agent that causes the disease
{n: cat scratch disease} a disease thought to be transmitted to humans by a scratch from a cat
{n: catarrhal fever} any of several disease of livestock marked by fever and edema of the respiratory tract
{n: cause of death, killer} the causal agent resulting in death
"heart disease is the biggest killer in the United States"
{n: celery blight} a fungous leaf spot disease of the celery plant
{n: celiac disease} a disorder in children and adults; inability to tolerate wheat protein (gluten); symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation; often accompanied by lactose intolerance
{n: chaulmoogra oil} an oil from chaulmoogra trees; used in treatment of skin diseases and leprosy
{n: chemosurgery} use of chemical to destroy diseased or malignant tissue; used in treatment of skin cancer
{n: chemotherapy} the use of chemical agents to treat or control disease (or mental illness)
{n: chestnut blight, chestnut canker, chestnut-bark disease} a disease of American chestnut trees
{n: chickenpox, varicella} an acute contagious disease caused by herpes varicella zoster virus; causes a rash of vesicles on the face and body
{n: chlortetracycline, Aureomycin} a yellow crystalline antibiotic (trade name Aureomycin) used to treat certain bacterial and rickettsial diseases
{n: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease} a nonreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis; usually patients have been heavy cigarette smokers
{n: chronic wasting disease} a wildlife disease (akin to bovine spongiform encephalitis) that affects deer and elk
{n: chrysotherapy} the use of chemicals containing gold for treating diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis)
{n: cirrhosis, cirrhosis of the liver} a chronic disease interfering with the normal functioning of the liver; the major cause is chronic alcoholism
{n: climax} the most severe stage of a disease
{n: clofibrate, Atromid-S} a drug (trade name Atromid-S) that reduces lipids in the blood serum; used to treat some cardiovascular diseases
{n: clubbing} a condition in which the ends of toes and fingers become wide and thick; a symptom of heart or lung disease
{n: coffee fungus, Pellicularia koleroga} fungus causing a disease in coffee and some other tropical plants
{n: colitis, inflammatory bowel disease} inflammation of the colon
{n: collar blight} a disease affecting the trunks of pear and apple trees
{n: coma, comatoseness} a state of deep and often prolonged unconsciousness; usually the result of disease or injury
{n: communicable disease} a disease that can be communicated from one person to another
{n: complication} any disease or disorder that occurs during the course of (or because of) another disease
"bed sores are a common complication in cases of paralysis"
{n: contagious disease, contagion} any disease easily transmitted by contact
{n: control} a relation of constraint of one entity (thing or person or group) by another
"measures for the control of disease"
"they instituted controls over drinking on campus"
{n: cor pulmonale} enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart due to disease of the lungs or of the pulmonary blood vessels
{n: corrective, restorative} a device for treating injury or disease
{n: costia, Costia necatrix} a flagellate that is the cause of the frequently fatal fish disease costiasis
{n: costiasis} a fatal disease of freshwater fish caused by a flagellated protozoan invading the skin
{n: cotton ball} a fungus disease of cranberries
{n: covered smut} a smut fungus causing a smut disease of grains in which the spore masses are covered or held together by the grain membranes
{n: cowpox, vaccinia} a viral disease of cattle causing a mild skin disease affecting the udder; formerly used to inoculate humans against smallpox
{n: coxsackievirus, Coxsackie virus} enterovirus causing a disease resembling poliomyelitis but without paralysis
{n: creeps} a disease of cattle and sheep attributed to a dietary deficiency; characterized by anemia and softening of the bones and a slow stiff gait
{n: crepitation rale} the crackling sound heard on auscultation when patients with respiratory diseases inhale; associated with tuberculosis and pneumonia and congestive heart failure
{n: croup, spasmodic laryngitis} a disease of infants and young children; harsh coughing and hoarseness and fever and difficult breathing
{n: crown gall} a bacterial disease of plants (especially pome and stone fruits and grapes and roses) which forms excrescences on the stem near the ground
{n: crown wart} a fungous disease of alfalfa which forms white excrescences at the base of the stem
{n: cystic fibrosis, CF, fibrocystic disease of the pancreas, pancreatic fibrosis, mucoviscidosis} the most common congenital disease; the child's lungs and intestines and pancreas become clogged with thick mucus; caused by defect in a single gene; there is no cure
{n: damping off fungus, Pythium debaryanum} fungus causing damping off disease in seedlings
{n: damping off} a plant disease caused by a fungus; diseased condition of seedlings in excessive moisture
{n: danger} the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury
"you are in no danger"
"there was widespread danger of disease"
<-> safety
{n: dapsone} antibacterial drug used to treat leprosy and some kinds of skin diseases
{n: decompression sickness, aeroembolism, air embolism, gas embolism, caisson disease, bends} pain resulting from rapid change in pressure
{n: defense, defence} protection from harm
"sanitation is the best defense against disease"
{n: deficiency disease} any disease caused by a lack of an essential nutrient (as a vitamin or mineral)
{n: dengue, dengue fever, dandy fever, breakbone fever} an infectious disease of the tropics transmitted by mosquitoes and characterized by rash and aching head and joints
{n: dentistry, dental medicine, odontology} the branch of medicine dealing with the anatomy and development and diseases of the teeth
{n: derivation} drawing of fluid or inflammation away from a diseased part of the body
{n: dermatology} the branch of medicine dealing with the skin and its diseases
{n: diathesis} constitutional predisposition to a particular disease or abnormality
{n: dieback} a disease of plants characterized by the gradual dying of the young shoots starting at the tips and progressing to the larger branches
{n: discoid lupus erythematosus, DLE} a chronic skin disease occurring primarily in women between the ages of 20 and 40; characterized by an eruption of red lesions over the cheeks and bridge of the nose
{n: disease of the neuromuscular junction} a disease characterized by impairment of neuromuscular junctions
{n: disease} an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
{n: disinfectant, germicide, antimicrobic, antimicrobial} an agent (as heat or radiation or a chemical) that destroys microorganisms that might carry disease
{n: distemper} any of various infectious viral diseases of animals
{n: dusky-footed woodrat, Neotoma fuscipes} host to Lyme disease tick (Ixodes pacificus) in northern California
{n: ear doctor, ear specialist, otologist} a physician who specializes in the ear and its diseases
{n: eburnation} a change that occurs in degenerative joint disease in which bone is converted into a dense smooth substance resembling ivory
{n: echinococcosis, hydatid disease, hydatidosis} infestation with larval echinococci (tapeworms)
{n: echovirus} any of a group of viruses associated with various diseases including viral meningitis and mild respiratory disorders and diarrhea in newborn infants
{n: electrotherapist} someone who specializes in the treatment of disease by electricity
{n: elephantiasis} hypertrophy of certain body parts (usually legs and scrotum); the end state of the disease filariasis
{n: enanthem, enanthema} eruption on a mucous membrane (as the inside of the mouth) occurring as a symptom of a disease
{n: endemic, endemic disease} a disease that is constantly present to a greater or lesser degree in people of a certain class or in people living in a particular location
{n: endodontics, endodontia} the branch of dentistry dealing with diseases of the dental pulp
{n: endodontist} a dentist specializing in diseases of the dental pulp and nerve
{n: enteropathy} a disease of the intestinal tract
{n: enterotoxemia} a disease of cattle and sheep that is attributed to toxins absorbed from the intestines
{n: epidemic disease} any infectious disease that develops and spreads rapidly to many people
{n: epidemic pleurodynia, epidemic myalgia, myosis, diaphragmatic pleurisy, Bornholm disease} an acute infectious disease occurring in epidemic form and featuring paroxysms of pain (usually in the chest)
{n: epidemic} a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease; many people are infected at the same time
{n: epidemiologist} a medical scientist who studies the transmission and control of epidemic diseases
{n: epidemiology} the branch of medical science dealing with the transmission and control of disease
{n: equine distemper, strangles} an acute bacterial disease of horses characterized by inflammation of the mucous membranes
{n: ergot} a plant disease caused by the ergot fungus
{n: erythema multiforme} a red rash caused by hypersensitivity to a drug or disease or other allergen
{n: erythroblastosis} a blood disease characterized by the abnormal presence of erythroblasts in the blood
{n: etiologist, aetiologist} a specialist in the etiology of diseases
{n: etiology, aetiology} the cause of a disease
{n: exanthem, exanthema, skin eruption} eruption on the skin occurring as a symptom of a disease
{n: exanthema subitum, roseola infantum, roseola infantilis, pseudorubella} a viral disease of infants and young children; characterized by abrupt high fever and mild sore throat; a few days later there is a faint pinkish rash that lasts for a few hours to a few days
{n: extremity} an extreme condition or state (especially of adversity or disease)
{n: eye disease} any disease of the eye
{n: family history} part of a patient's medical history in which questions are asked in an attempt to find out whether the patient has hereditary tendencies toward particular diseases
{n: festination} involuntary shortening of stride and quickening of gait that occurs in some diseases (e.g., Parkinson's disease)
{n: fibrocystic breast disease, fibrocystic disease of the breast, cystic breast disease, cystic mastitis} the presence of one or more cysts in a breast
{n: filariasis} a disease caused by nematodes in the blood or tissues of the body causing blockage of lymphatic vessels
{n: fire blight, pear blight} a disease blackening the leaves of pear and apple trees
{n: fish} the flesh of fish used as food
"in Japan most fish is eaten raw"
"after the scare about foot-and-mouth disease a lot of people started eating fish instead of meat"
"they have a chef who specializes in fish"
{n: flaccid paralysis} weakness or loss of muscle tone resulting from injury or disease of the nerves innervating the muscles
{n: foot rot} plant disease in which the stem or trunk rots at the base
{n: foot-and-mouth disease, hoof-and-mouth disease} acute contagious disease of cloven-footed animals marked by ulcers in the mouth and around the hoofs
{n: formulary, pharmacopeia} (pharmacology) a book containing a compilation of pharmaceutical products with their formulas and methods of preparation
"postexposure prophylaxis is an integral part of the pharmacopeia in preventing severe disease after acute infections"
{n: fowl cholera} an acute diarrheal disease (especially of chickens) caused by the microorganism that causes hemorrhagic septicemia
{n: fowl pest} an acute viral disease of domestic fowl; characterized by refusal to each and high temperature and discoloration of the comb
{n: furunculosis} acute skin disease characterized by the presence of many furuncles
{n: galactosemia} a genetic disease (autosomal recessive) in which an enzyme needed to metabolize galactose is deficient or absent; typically develops shortly after birth
{n: gastroenterologist} a physician who specializes in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
{n: gastroenterology} the branch of medicine that studies the gastrointestinal tract and its diseases
{n: genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic abnormality, genetic defect, congenital disease, inherited disease, inherited disorder, hereditary disease, hereditary condition} a disease or disorder that is inherited genetically
{n: genetic screening} analyzing a group of people to determine genetic susceptibility to a particular disease
"genetic screening of infants for phenylketonuria"
{n: genus Chlamydia} type genus of the family Chlamydiaceae: disease-causing parasites
{n: genus Verticillium} genus of imperfect fungi having conidia borne singly at the apex of whorled branchlets; cause wilt diseases
{n: geriatrics, gerontology} the branch of medical science that deals with diseases and problems specific to old people
{n: germ theory} (medicine) the theory that all contagious diseases are caused by microorganisms
{n: glanders} a destructive and contagious bacterial disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans
{n: glandular disease, gland disease, glandular disorder, adenosis} a disorder of the glands of the body
{n: gluten-free diet} diet prescribed to treat celiac disease; eliminates such foods as wheat and rye and oats and beans and cabbage and turnips and cucumbers that are rich in gluten
{n: gonorrhea, gonorrhoea, clap} a common venereal disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae; symptoms are painful urination and pain around the urethra
{n: good health, healthiness} the state of being vigorous and free from bodily or mental disease
<-> ill health
{n: granuloma inguinale, granuloma venereum} a venereal disease caused by a bacterium of the genus Calymmatobacterium; characterized by a pimply rash of the skin in the genital and groin region
{n: green smut, false smut} disease of rice; grains covered by a green powder consisting of conidia
{n: gynecology, gynaecology} the branch of medicine that deals with the diseases and hygiene of women
{n: habitus} person's predisposition to be affected by something (as a disease)
"the consumptive habitus"
{n: health, wellness} a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease
"physicians should be held responsible for the health of their patients"
<-> illness, unwellness
{n: heart disease, heart condition, cardiopathy} a disease of the heart
{n: heartrot} any plant disease in which the central part of a plant rots (especially in trees)
{n: hematologist, haematologist} a doctor who specializes in diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
{n: hematology, haematology} the branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
{n: hematuria, haematuria} the presence of blood in the urine; often a symptom of urinary tract disease
{n: hemochromatosis, iron-storage disease, iron overload, bronzed diabetes} pathology in which iron accumulates in the tissues; characterized by bronzed skin and enlarged liver and diabetes mellitus and abnormalities of the pancreas and the joints
{n: hemoglobinopathy, haemoglobinopathy} a blood disease characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobins in the blood
{n: hemophilia B, haemophilia B, Christmas disease} a clotting disorder similar to hemophilia A but caused by a congenital deficiency of factor IX
{n: hemophilia, haemophilia, bleeder's disease} congenital tendency to uncontrolled bleeding; usually affects males and is transmitted from mother to son
{n: hemorrhagic septicemia, pasteurellosis} an acute infectious disease characterized by pneumonia and blood infection
{n: hepatic coma} coma that can occur in severe cases of liver disease
{n: hepatolenticular degeneration, Wilson's disease} a rare inherited disorder of copper metabolism; copper accumulates in the liver and then in the red blood cells and brain
{n: herbal medicine} a medicine made from plants and used to prevent or treat disease or promote health
{n: herbal medicine} the use of medicinal herbs to prevent or treat disease or promote health
{n: herpes} viral diseases causing eruptions of the skin or mucous membrane
{n: high-density lipoprotein, HDL, alpha-lipoprotein} a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the blood; composed of a high proportion of protein and relatively little cholesterol; high levels are thought to be associated with decreased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis
{n: histiocytosis} a blood disease characterized by an abnormal multiplication of macrophages
{n: hog cholera} highly infectious virus disease of swine
{n: homeopathy, homoeopathy} a method of treating disease with small amounts of remedies that, in large amounts in healthy people, produce symptoms similar to those being treated
<-> allopathy
{n: hookworm, hookworm disease} infestation of the intestines by hookworms which enter the body (usually) through the skin
{n: hormone replacement therapy, hormone-replacement therapy, HRT} hormones (estrogen and progestin) are given to postmenopausal women; believed to protect them from heart disease and osteoporosis
{n: housefly, house fly, Musca domestica} common fly that frequents human habitations and spreads many diseases
{n: hydropathy, hydrotherapy} the internal and external use of water in the treatment of disease
{n: hydrothorax} accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity (the space between the lungs and the walls of the chest) often resulting from disease of the heart or kidneys
{n: hypercalcemia, hypercalcaemia} the presence of abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood; usually the result of excessive bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism or Paget's disease
<-> hypocalcemia
{n: ichthyosis} any of several congenital diseases in which the skin is fishlike (dry and scaly)
{n: idiopathic disease, idiopathic disorder, idiopathy} any disease arising from internal dysfunctions of unknown cause
{n: immunity, resistance} (medicine) the condition in which an organism can resist disease
{n: immunodeficiency} immunological disorder in which some part of the body's immune system is inadequate and resistance to infectious diseases is reduced
<-> immunocompetence
{n: immunotherapy} therapy designed to produce immunity to a disease or to enhance resistance by the immune system
{n: inborn error of metabolism} any of a number of diseases in which an inherited defect (usually a missing or inadequate enzyme) results in an abnormality of metabolism
{n: inclusion body, cellular inclusion, inclusion} any small intracellular body found within another (characteristic of certain diseases)
"an inclusion in the cytoplasm of the cell"
{n: incubation period} the period between infection and the appearance of symptoms of the disease
{n: incurable} a person whose disease is incurable
{n: index case} the earliest documented case of a disease that is included in an epidemiological study
{n: indication, indicant} something that serves to indicate or suggest
"an indication of foul play"
"indications of strain"
"symptoms are the prime indicants of disease"
{n: infection, contagion, transmission} an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted
{n: infection} (medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease
{n: infectious disease} a disease transmitted only by a specific kind of contact
{n: infectious mononucleosis, mononucleosis, mono, glandular fever, kissing disease} an acute disease characterized by fever and swollen lymph nodes and an abnormal increase of mononuclear leucocytes or monocytes in the bloodstream; not highly contagious; some believe it can be transmitted by kissing
{n: inflammatory disease} a disease characterized by inflammation
{n: influenza, flu, grippe} an acute febrile highly contagious viral disease
{n: inoculant, inoculum} a substance (a virus or toxin or immune serum) that is introduced into the body to produce or increase immunity to a particular disease
{n: inoculating, vaccinating} the act of protecting against disease by introducing a vaccine into the body to induce immunity
"doctors examined the recruits but nurses did the inoculating"
{n: inoculation, vaccination} taking a vaccine as a precaution against contracting a disease
{n: inoculator, vaccinator} a medical practitioner who inoculates people against diseases
{n: insidiousness} subtle and cumulative harmfulness (especially of a disease)
{n: instrument, tool} the means whereby some act is accomplished
"my greed was the instrument of my destruction"
"science has given us new tools to fight disease"
{n: internal medicine, general medicine} the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and (nonsurgical) treatment of diseases of the internal organs (especially in adults)
{n: interstitial pneumonia} chronic lung disease affecting the interstitial tissue of the lungs
{n: iodine-131} heavy radioactive isotope of iodine with a half-life of 8 days; used in a sodium salt to diagnose thyroid disease and to treat goiter
{n: itraconazole, Sporanox} an oral antifungal drug (trade name Sporanox) taken for cases of fungal nail disease
{n: kakke disease} the endemic form of beriberi
{n: keratonosus} any disease of the cornea
{n: keratoplasty, corneal graft, corneal transplant} a surgical procedure in which part or all of a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by healthy corneal tissue from a donor
{n: keratosis blennorrhagica, keratoderma blennorrhagica} skin disease characterized by a scaly rash on the palms and soles; associated with Reiter's syndrome
{n: keratosis follicularis, Darier's disease} a rare hereditary condition marked by dark crusted patches (sometimes containing pus)
{n: kidney disease, renal disorder, nephropathy, nephrosis} a disease affecting the kidneys
{n: kuru} a progressive disease of the central nervous system marked by increasing lack of coordination and advancing to paralysis and death within a year of the appearance of symptoms; thought to have been transmitted by cannibalistic consumption of diseased brain tissue since the disease virtually disappeared when cannibalism was abandoned
{n: late blight} blight in which symptoms appear late in the growing season especially a disease of solanaceous plants caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans
{n: latent period} the time that elapses before the presence of a disease is manifested by symptoms
{n: lazaretto, lazaret, lazarette, lazar house, pesthouse} hospital for persons with infectious diseases (especially leprosy)
{n: leaf disease} any plant disease localized in the foliage
{n: leaf scorch} plant disease causing a burned or scorched appearance of the foliage
{n: leprosy, Hansen's disease} chronic granulomatous communicable disease occurring in tropical and subtropical regions; characterized by inflamed nodules beneath the skin and wasting of body parts; caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae
{n: leptospira} important pathogens causing Weil's disease or canicola fever
{n: leukoma, leucoma} eye disease consisting of an opaque white spot on the cornea
{n: lichen} any of several eruptive skin diseases characterized by hard thick lesions grouped together and resembling lichens growing on rocks
{n: listeriosis, listeria meningitis} an infectious disease of animals and humans (especially newborn or immunosuppressed persons) caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes; in sheep and cattle the infection frequently involves the central nervous system and causes various neurological symptoms
{n: little potato, rosette, russet scab, stem canker} rhizoctinia disease of potatoes
{n: liver cancer, cancer of the liver} malignant neoplastic disease of the liver usually occurring as a metastasis from another cancer; symptoms include loss of appetite and weakness and bloating and jaundice and upper abdominal discomfort
{n: liver disease} a disease affecting the liver
{n: liver spot} a type of skin disease that causes brown spots on the skin
{n: loco disease, locoism} a disease of livestock caused by locoweed poisoning; characterized by weakness and lack of coordination and trembling and partial paralysis
{n: lomustine} an antineoplastic drug often used to treat brain tumors or Hodgkin's disease
{n: loose smut} a smut fungus of the genus Ustilago causing a smut disease of grains in which the entire head is transformed into a dusty mass of spores
{n: loose smut} disease of grains; the entire head is a dusty mass of spores
{n: low-density lipoprotein, LDL, beta-lipoprotein} a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the blood; composed of moderate amount of protein and a large amount of cholesterol; high levels are thought to be associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis
{n: lower respiratory tract smear, bronchoscopic smear, sputum smear} any of several cytologic smears obtained from different parts of the lower respiratory tract; used for cytologic study of cancer and other diseases of the lungs
{n: lupus erythematosus, LE} a chronic inflammatory collagen disease affecting connective tissue (skin or joints)
{n: lupus} any of several forms of ulcerative skin disease
{n: lygus bug} vector of viral plant diseases
{n: lymphadenopathy} chronic abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes (usually associated with disease)
{n: lymphogranuloma venereum, LGV, lymphopathia venereum} infectious disease caused by a species of chlamydia bacterium; transmitted by sexual contact; characterized by genital lesions and swelling of lymph nodes in the groin
{n: lysis} recuperation in which the symptoms of an acute disease gradually subside
{n: macule, macula} a patch of skin that is discolored but not usually elevated; caused by various diseases
{n: magic bullet} a remedy (drug or therapy or preventive) that cures or prevents a disease
"there is no magic bullet against cancer"
{n: malabsorption syndrome} a pattern of symptoms including loss of appetite and bloating and weight loss and muscle pain and steatorrhea; associated with celiac disease and sprue and cystic fibrosis
{n: malaria} an infective disease caused by sporozoan parasites that are transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito; marked by paroxysms of chills and fever
{n: mange} a persistent and contagious disease of the skin causing inflammation and itching and loss of hair; affects domestic animals (and sometimes people)
{n: manifestation} a manifest indication of the existence or presence or nature of some person or thing
"a manifestation of disease"
{n: maple syrup urine disease, branched chain ketoaciduria} an inherited disorder of metabolism in which the urine has a odor characteristic of maple syrup; if untreated it can lead to mental retardation and death in early childhood
{n: measles, rubeola, morbilli} an acute and highly contagious viral disease marked by distinct red spots followed by a rash; occurs primarily in children
{n: medical diagnosis} identification a disease from its symptoms
{n: medical science} the science of dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention and treatment of disease
{n: medical scientist} a scientist who studies disease processes
{n: medicine, medication, medicament, medicinal drug} (medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease
{n: medicine, practice of medicine} the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries
"he studied medicine at Harvard"
{n: megacolon} an abnormal enlargement of the colon; can be congenital (as in Hirschsprung's disease) or acquired (as when children refuse to defecate)
{n: meningitis} infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the meninges (the tissues that surround the brain or spinal cord) usually caused by a bacterial infection; symptoms include headache and stiff neck and fever and nausea
{n: mental illness, mental disease, psychopathy} any disease of the mind; the psychological state of someone who has emotional or behavioral problems serious enough to require psychiatric intervention
<-> mental health
{n: metabolic acidosis} acidosis and bicarbonate concentration in the body fluids resulting either from the accumulation of acids or the abnormal loss of bases from the body (as in diarrhea or renal disease)
{n: metastasis} the spreading of a disease to another part of the body
{n: metrorrhagia} bleeding from the uterus that is not due to menstruation; usually indicative of disease (as cervical cancer)
{n: microbe, bug, germ} a minute life form (especially a disease-causing bacterium); the term is not in technical use
{n: mimesis} any disease that shows symptoms characteristic of another disease
{n: molluscum contagiosum} a virus disease of the skin marked by round white swellings; transmitted from person to person (most often in children or in adults with impaired immune function)
{n: molluscum} any skin disease characterized by soft pulpy nodules
{n: monogenic disorder, monogenic disease} an inherited disease controlled by a single pair of genes
{n: morbidity} the relative incidence of a particular disease
{n: mosaic} viral disease in solanaceous plants (tomatoes, potatoes, tobacco) resulting in mottling and often shriveling of the leaves
{n: mumps, epidemic parotitis} an acute contagious viral disease characterized by fever and by swelling of the parotid glands
{n: murrain} any disease of domestic animals that resembles a plague
{n: muscular dystrophy, dystrophy} any of several hereditary diseases of the muscular system characterized by weakness and wasting of skeletal muscles
{n: myasthenia gravis, myasthenia} a chronic progressive disease characterized by chronic fatigue and muscular weakness (especially in the face and neck); caused by a deficiency of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junctions
{n: mycobacteria, mycobacterium} rod-shaped bacteria some saprophytic or causing diseases
{n: mycology} the branch of botany that studies fungi and fungus-caused diseases
{n: myiasis} infestation of the body by the larvae of flies (usually through a wound or other opening) or any disease resulting from such infestation
{n: myoclonus epilepsy, Lafora's disease} epilepsy characterized by clonus of muscle groups and progressive mental deterioration and genetic origin
{n: myotonia congenita, Thomsen's disease} a mild, rare, congenital form of myotonia characterized by muscle stiffness
{n: myotonic muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, myotonia atrophica, Steinert's disease} a severe form of muscular dystrophy marked by generalized weakness and muscular wasting that affects the face and feet and hands and neck; difficult speech and difficulty with the hands that spreads to the arms and shoulders and legs and hips; the onset can be any time from birth to middle age and the progression is slow; inheritance is autosomal dominant
{n: myxomatosis} a viral disease (usually fatal) of rabbits
{n: naprapathy} a drugless method of treatment based on the belief that disease symptoms arise from problems with ligaments and connective tissues
{n: natural immunity, innate immunity} immunity to disease that occurs as part of an individual's natural biologic makeup
{n: naturopathy} a method of treating disease using food and exercise and heat to assist the natural healing process
{n: necrobiosis lipoidica, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum} skin disease marked by thin shiny patches (especially on the legs); often associated with diabetes mellitus
{n: necrotizing enterocolitis, NEC} an acute inflammatory disease occurring in the intestines of premature infants; necrosis of intestinal tissue may follow
{n: needle blight, needle cast, leaf cast} a disease of conifers causing the needles to fall
{n: nephritis, Bright's disease} an inflammation of the kidney
{n: nephrosclerosis, nephroangiosclerosis} kidney disease that is usually associated with hypertension; sclerosis of the renal arterioles reduces blood flow that can lead to kidney failure and heart failure
{n: nephrotic syndrome, nephrosis} a syndrome characterized by edema and large amounts of protein in the urine and usually increased blood cholesterol; usually associated with glomerulonephritis or with a complication of various systemic diseases
{n: nervous disorder, neurological disorder, neurological disease} a disorder of the nervous system
{n: neuroethics} the study of ethical implications of treatments for neurological diseases
{n: neurofibromatosis, von Recklinghausen's disease} autosomal dominant disease characterized by numerous neurofibromas and by spots on the skin and often by developmental abnormalities
{n: neuropsychiatry} the branch of medicine dealing with mental disorders attributable to diseases of the nervous system
{n: nosology, diagnostics} the branch of medical science dealing with the classification of disease
{n: nuclear medicine} the branch of medicine that uses radioactive materials either to image a patient's body or to destroy diseased cells
{n: occupational disease, industrial disease} disease or disability resulting from conditions of employment (usually from long exposure to a noxious substance or from continuous repetition of certain acts)
{n: occupational safety and health act, federal job safety law} a law passed by the United States Congress that created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to prevent employees from being injured or contracting diseases in the course of their employment
{n: occurrence} an instance of something occurring
"a disease of frequent occurrence"
"the occurrence (or presence) of life on other planets"
{n: oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy} a form of muscular dystrophy that usually begins between early adulthood and middle age and first affects muscles of the eyelid and throat; progresses slowly with swallowing problems common as the disease progresses; inheritance is autosomal dominant
{n: oliguria} abnormally small production of urine; can be a symptom of kidney disease or obstruction of the urinary tract or edema or an imbalance of fluids and electrolytes in the body
{n: onion yellow dwarf} the yellow dwarf disease of onion plants
{n: onychosis} any disease or disorder of the nails
{n: operation, surgery, surgical operation, surgical procedure, surgical process} a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body
"they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available"
"he died while undergoing surgery"
{n: ophthalmologist, eye doctor, oculist} a medical doctor specializing in the treatment of diseases of the eye
{n: ophthalmology} the branch of medicine concerned with the eye and its diseases
{n: opportunistic infection} any infection caused by a microorganism that does not normally cause disease in humans; occurs in persons with abnormally functioning immune systems (as AIDS patients or transplant patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs)
{n: osteoarthritis, degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease} chronic breakdown of cartilage in the joints; the most common form of arthritis occurring usually after middle age
{n: osteodystrophy} defective bone development; usually attributable to renal disease or to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism
{n: osteolysis} lysis of bone caused by disease or infection or inadequate blood supply
{n: osteopetrosis, Albers-Schonberg disease, marble bones disease} an inherited disorder characterized by an increase in bone density; in severe forms the bone marrow cavity may be obliterated
{n: ozena, ozaena} a chronic disease of the nose characterized by a foul-smelling nasal discharge and atrophy of nasal structures
{n: paleopathology, palaeopathology} the study of disease of former times (as inferred from fossil evidence)
{n: palliation} easing the severity of a pain or a disease without removing the cause
{n: panacea, nostrum, catholicon, cure-all} hypothetical remedy for all ills or diseases; once sought by the alchemists
{n: paralysis agitans, Parkinsonism, Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's syndrome, Parkinson's, shaking palsy} a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by tremor and impaired muscular coordination
{n: paratyphoid, paratyphoid fever} any of a variety of infectious intestinal diseases resembling typhoid fever
{n: parvovirus, parvo} any of a group of viruses containing DNA in an icosahedral protein shell and causing disease in dogs and cattle; not known to be associated with any human disease
{n: passive immunity} an impermanent form of acquired immunity in which antibodies against a disease are acquired naturally (as through the placenta to an unborn child) or artificially (as by injection of antiserum)
{n: pathogenesis} the origination and development of a disease
{n: pathogen} any disease-producing agent (especially a virus or bacterium or other microorganism)
{n: pathologic process, pathological process} an organic process occurring as a consequence of disease
{n: pathology} the branch of medical science that studies the causes and nature and effects of diseases
{n: peach blight} a disease of trees bearing drupes
{n: pellagra, Alpine scurvy, mal de la rosa, mal rosso, maidism, mayidism, Saint Ignatius' itch} a disease caused by deficiency of niacin or tryptophan (or by a defect in the metabolic conversion of tryptophan to niacin); characterized by gastrointestinal disturbances and erythema and nervous or mental disorders; may be caused by malnutrition or alcoholism or other nutritional impairments
{n: pelvic inflammatory disease, PID} inflammation of the female pelvic organs (especially the Fallopian tubes) caused by infection by any of several microorganisms (chiefly gonococci and chlamydia); symptoms are abdominal pain and fever and foul-smelling vaginal discharge
{n: pemphigus} a skin disease characterized by large thin-walled blisters (bullae) arising from normal skin or mucous membrane
{n: penicillamine, Cuprimine} a drug (trade name Cuprimine) used to treat heavy metal poisoning and Wilson's disease and severe arthritis
{n: penicillin} any of various antibiotics obtained from Penicillium molds (or produced synthetically) and used in the treatment of various infections and diseases
{n: periarteritis nodosa, polyarteritis nodosa} a progressive disease of connective tissue that is characterized by nodules along arteries; nodules may block the artery and result in inadequate circulation to the particular area
{n: periodontal disease, periodontitis} a disease that attacks the gum and bone and around the teeth
{n: periodontics, periodontia} the branch of dentistry dealing with diseases of the gums and other structures around the teeth
{n: periodontist} a dentist specializing in diseases of the gums and other structure surrounding the teeth
{n: pesthole} a breeding ground for epidemic disease
{n: philanthropic foundation} a foundation that provides funds for science or art or education or religion or relief from disease etc.
{n: photocoagulation} surgical procedure that uses an intense laser beam to destroy diseased retinal tissue or to make a scar that will hold the retina in cases of detached retina
{n: physostigmine} used in treatment of Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma
{n: pink disease fungus, Corticium salmonicolor} fungus causing pink disease in citrus and coffee and rubber trees etc
{n: pink disease} serious bark disease of many tropical crop trees (coffee, citrus, rubber); branches have a covering of pink hyphae
{n: pinkroot} a fungal disease of onions
{n: pip} a disease of poultry
{n: piroplasm} minute parasite of red blood cells of mammals transmitted by a tick and causing diseases of domestic animals
{n: plague, pestilence, pest} any epidemic disease with a high death rate
{n: plant disease} a disease that affects plants
{n: pneumoconiosis, pneumonoconiosis} chronic respiratory disease caused by inhaling metallic or mineral particles
{n: pneumonia} respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma (excluding the bronchi) with congestion caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants
{n: pockmark} a scar or pit on the skin that is left by a pustule of smallpox or acne or other eruptive disease
{n: pock} a pustule in an eruptive disease
{n: poliomyelitis, polio, infantile paralysis, acute anterior poliomyelitis} an acute viral disease marked by inflammation of nerve cells of the brain stem and spinal cord
{n: polycystic kidney disease, PKD} kidney disease characterized by enlarged kidneys containing many cysts; often leads to kidney failure
{n: polygenic disorder, polygenic disease} an inherited disease controlled by several genes at once
{n: poster child} a child afflicted by some disease or deformity whose picture is used on posters to raise money for charitable purposes
"she was the poster child for muscular dystrophy"
{n: potato blight, potato mold, potato disease, potato mildew, potato murrain} a blight of potatoes
{n: potato fungus, Pellicularia filamentosa, Rhizoctinia solani} fungus causing a disease in potatoes characterized by black scurfy spots on the tubers
{n: potato mosaic} a disease of the leaves of potato plants
{n: potato scab bacteria, Streptomyces scabies} cause of a potato disease characterized by brownish corky tissue
{n: potato wart fungus, Synchytrium endobioticum} fungus causing potato wart disease in potato tubers
{n: potato wart} fungous disease causing dark warty spongy excrescences in the eyes of potato tubers
{n: poxvirus} any of a group of viruses that can cause pox diseases in vertebrates
{n: pox} a contagious disease characterized by purulent skin eruptions that may leave pock marks
{n: prevalence} (epidemiology) the ratio (for a given time period) of the number of occurrences of a disease or event to the number of units at risk in the population
{n: preventive medicine} the branch of medicine concerned with preventing disease
"the medical establishment doesn't profit from preventive medicine"
{n: preventive, preventative, prophylactic} remedy that prevents or slows the course of an illness or disease
"the doctor recommended several preventatives"
{n: primary dysmenorrhea} painful menstruation that is intrinsic to menstruation and not the result of a disease
{n: prion} (microbiology) an infectious protein particle similar to a virus but lacking nucleic acid; thought to be the agent responsible for scrapie and other degenerative diseases of the nervous system
{n: procarbazine} an antineoplastic drug used to treat Hodgkin's disease
{n: proctitis} inflammation of the rectum; marked by bloody stools and a frequent urge to defecate; frequently associated with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
{n: proctologist} a doctor specializing in diseases of the rectum and anus
{n: prodrome, prodroma} an early symptom that a disease is developing or that an attack is about to occur
{n: producer} something that produces
"Maine is a leading producer of potatoes"
"this microorganism is a producer of disease"
{n: prognosis, prospect, medical prognosis} a prediction of the course of a disease
{n: prophylaxis} the prevention of disease
{n: prurigo} chronic inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by blister capped papules and intense itching
{n: psittacosis, parrot disease} infectious disease of birds
{n: psoriasis} a chronic skin disease characterized by dry red patches covered with scales; occurs especially on the scalp and ears and genitalia and the skin over bony prominences
{n: pullorum disease, bacillary white diarrhea, bacillary white diarrhoea} a serious bacterial disease of young chickens
{n: pulmonary anthrax, inhalation anthrax, anthrax pneumonia, ragpicker's disease, ragsorter's disease, woolsorter's pneumonia, woolsorter's disease} a form of anthrax infection acquired by inhalation of dust containing Bacillus anthracis; initial symptoms (chill and cough and dyspnea and rapid pulse) are followed by extreme cardiovascular collapse
{n: pulmonary tuberculosis, consumption, phthisis, wasting disease, white plague} involving the lungs with progressive wasting of the body
{n: purpura, peliosis} any of several blood diseases causing subcutaneous bleeding
{n: pyorrhea, pyorrhoea, pyorrhea alveolaris, Riggs' disease} chronic periodontitis; purulent inflammation of the teeth sockets
{n: pyrogallol, pyrogallic acid} a toxic white lustrous crystalline phenol used to treat certain skin diseases and as a photographic developer
{n: quarantine} enforced isolation of patients suffering from a contagious disease in order to prevent the spread of disease
{n: quarantine} isolation to prevent the spread of infectious disease
{n: question, head} the subject matter at issue
"the question of disease merits serious discussion"
"under the head of minor Roman poets"
{n: rabies, hydrophobia, lyssa, madness} an acute viral disease of the nervous system of warm-blooded animals (usually transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal); rabies is fatal if the virus reaches the brain
{n: radiation sickness, radiation syndrome, radiation} syndrome resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g., exposure to radioactive chemicals or to nuclear explosions); low doses cause diarrhea and nausea and vomiting and sometimes loss of hair; greater exposure can cause sterility and cataracts and some forms of cancer and other diseases; severe exposure can cause death within hours
"he was suffering from radiation"
{n: radiologist, radiotherapist} a medical specialist who uses radioactive substances and X-rays in the treatment of disease
{n: radiotherapy equipment} equipment used to treat diseases with x-rays or radioactivity
{n: radiotherapy, radiation therapy, radiation, actinotherapy, irradiation} (medicine) the treatment of disease (especially cancer) by exposure to a radioactive substance
{n: ratbite fever} either of two infectious diseases transmitted to humans by the bite of a rat or mouse; characterized by fever and headache and nausea and skin eruptions
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