diagnose [ 'daiəgnəuz] vt.诊断(疾病)
diagnose ['daiəgnəuz] 诊断
The doctor diagnosed the patient's syndrome from the test results.
医生是根据对病人的检验结果做出诊断的。
The doctor diagnosed my disease as a unique bone disease.
医生把我的病诊断为罕见的骨骼疾病。
After diagnosing the patient's disease, these doctors discussed how to treat it.
医生们经过对这个病人的病情诊断之后, 就讨论如何治疗的问题。
Nearly half of those diagnosed with the virus are blacks and Latinos.
被诊断感染艾滋病病毒的人有一半是黑人和来自拉丁美洲的人。
Women will soon make up 80 percent of those diagnosed with HIV.
妇女将占感染艾滋病病毒人口的80%。
The doctor diagnosed his condition as a stomach problem.
医生诊断他得了胃病。
He was diagnosed as suffering from AIDS.
他被诊断为染上了艾滋病。
Some diseases are easy to diagnose as their apparent effects are typical and can be recognized immediately.
有些疾病诊断很容易，因为其症状明显、典型，可以立刻识别。
诊治 [zhěn zhì] /to diagnose and treat/
Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death — probably by a deadly injection or pill — to put an end to suffering.
根据澳北州所通过的这项新法案，成年病人可以要求安乐死——可能是通过注射致死药剂或服用致死药片——来结束痛苦。
The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors.
但此前病人必须由两名医生诊断其确实已病入膏肓，
After a "cooling off" period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met.
然后再经过7天的冷静思考期，方可签署一份申请证明。48小时后，才可以满足其安乐死的愿望。
{adj: diagnosable} capable of being diagnosed
{adj: undiagnosable} not possible to diagnose
{n: Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC} a federal agency in the Department of Health and Human Services; located in Atlanta; investigates and diagnoses and tries to control or prevent diseases (especially new and unusual diseases)
{n: alimentary tract smear} any of several cytologic smears obtained from different parts of the alimentary tract; obtained by specialized lavage techniques and used mainly to diagnose cancer in those parts
{n: clotting time} the time it takes for a sample of blood to clot; used to diagnose some clotting disorders
{n: cloze procedure, cloze test} a test for diagnosing reading ability; words are deleted from a prose passage and the reader is required to fill in the blanks
{n: diagnosis, diagnosing} identifying the nature or cause of some phenomenon
{n: differential diagnosis} a systematic method of diagnosing a disorder (e.g., headache) that lacks unique symptoms or signs
{n: erythroblastosis fetalis} severe anemia in newborn babies; the result of Rh incompatibility between maternal and fetal blood; typically occurs when the child of an Rh-negative mother inherits Rh-positive blood from the father; can be diagnosed before birth by amniocentesis
{n: hysterosalpingogram} X ray of the uterus and Fallopian tubes; usually done in diagnosing infertility (to see if there any blockages)
{n: iodine-131} heavy radioactive isotope of iodine with a half-life of 8 days; used in a sodium salt to diagnose thyroid disease and to treat goiter
{n: nystagmus} involuntary movements of the eyeballs; its presence or absence is used to diagnose a variety of neurological and visual disorders
{n: spina bifida, rachischisis, schistorrhachis} a not uncommon congenital defect in which a vertebra is malformed; unless several vertebrae are affected or there is myelomeningocele there are few symptoms; can be diagnosed by amniocentesis
{v: diagnose, name} determine or distinguish the nature of a problem or an illness through a diagnostic analysis
{v: diagnose} subject to a medical analysis
Don't give up even if you or a loved one is diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.
即便是你或你的亲人被诊断患了早老性痴呆症，也请不要灰心丧。
When he was diagnosed in 1997 he thought it was the end of his career.
1997年诊那会儿他以为自己的运动生涯走到了尽头。
Now a study shows that examining the abdomen with ultrasound or a CAT scan is 94% accurate in diagnosing whether a sick child does or does not require surgery.
现在有一项研究证明：用超声波或 CAT 射线检查腹部以确定患病的孩子是否需要手术，正确率达到 94%。
The complexity of diagnosing the condition and designing a treatment for a specific patient, especially prescribing possibly addictive narcotic-based painkillers, can make this a task if a physician isn't well-versed in pain management.
为一个特定的患者诊断和设计治疗方案的过程非常复杂，尤其是需要开一些可能会上瘾的麻醉性止痛药时更难以把握，这对于一个并不善于治疗疼痛症的医生来说，实在是强人所难。
B54
Unspecified malaria
Clinically diagnosed malaria without parasitological confirmation.
未明示的疟疾
无寄生虫学证实、临床上诊断的疟疾
This block contains a wide variety of disorders that differ
in severity and clinical form but that are all attributable to the use of one or more
psychoactive substances, which may or may not have been medically prescribed. The third
character of the code identifies the substance involved, and the fourth character
specifies the clinical state. The codes should be used, as required, for each substance
specified, but it should be noted that not all fourth-character codes are applicable to
all substances.
Identification of the psychoactive substance should be based on as many sources of
information as possible. These include self-report data, analysis of blood and other body
fluids, characteristic physical and psychological symptoms, clinical signs and behaviour,
and other evidence such as a drug being in the patient's possession or reports from
informed third parties. Many drug users take more than one type of psychoactive substance.
The main diagnosis should be classified, whenever possible, according to the substance or
class of substances that has caused or contributed most to the presenting clinical
syndrome. Other diagnoses should be coded when other psychoactive substances have been
taken in intoxicating amounts (common fourth character .0) or to the extent of causing
harm (common fourth character .1), dependence (common fourth character .2) or other
disorders (common fourth character .3-.9).
Only in cases in which patterns of psychoactive substance-taking are chaotic and
indiscriminate, or in which the contributions of different psychoactive substances are
inextricably mixed, should the diagnosis of disorders resulting from multiple drug use
(F19.-) be used.
Excludes: abuse of non-dependence-producing substances (F55)
The following fourth-character subdivisions are for use with categories F10-F19:
本节包含了几种不同严重程度与临床型态的疾病 ，
这些疾病均因由於使用一种或更多的精神作用物质
所引起。这些药物可能由医师处方或自行使用。本
节用第 ３ 码代表特定的物质 ， 第 ４ 码表示临床状况
； 这些号码可用来代表特定物质所造成的精神状态
， 但需注意不是所有的号码都能应用在每个物质上
。
对於精神作用物质使用与否的界定要尽可能运用多
种的临床资讯 ， 这些包含患者自我陈述的资料 ， 血
液与其他体液检体的客观分析 ， 特殊之身体与心理
症状、临床候、行为表现、以及其他资料 ， 如在病
人身上发现药物 ， 或第叁者提供的报告。许多药物
使用者服用不止一种的药品 ， 但在主要的诊断方面
仍应依据与临床状况最相关的药物 （ 或同一类的药
物 ） 加以分类。当其他精神作用物质之使用量引起
中毒 （第 4 码 .0） ， 引起伤害 （第 4 码.1） ， 依赖 （第 4 码.2）
或其他障碍 （第 4 码.3-.9） 时 ， 也要把其他精神作用物
质相关之诊断加以记述。
只有当精神作用物质的使用型态非常混乱且不易分
辨 ， 或者使用的不同药物对临床表现之影响相当的
复杂时 ， 才诊断为由於使用多种药物引起之精神疾
病 （F19.－）
不包含 ： 非成瘾性药物的滥用 （F55）
下面第 ４ 码之分类要与 F10-F19 之各类别诊断一起使用
：
F20
Schizophrenia
The schizophrenic disorders are characterized in general by fundamental and characteristic
distortions of thinking and perception, and affects that are inappropriate or blunted.
Clear consciousness and intellectual capacity are usually maintained although certain
cognitive deficits may evolve in the course of time. The most important psychopathological
phenomena include thought echo; thought insertion or withdrawal; thought broadcasting;
delusional perception and delusions of control; influence or passivity; hallucinatory
voices commenting or discussing the patient in the third person; thought disorders and
negative symptoms .
The course of schizophrenic disorders can be either continuous, or episodic with
progressive or stable deficit, or there can be one or more episodes with complete or
incomplete remission. The diagnosis of schizophrenia should not be made in the presence of
extensive depressive or manic symptoms unless it is clear that schizophrenic symptoms
antedate the affective disturbance. Nor should schizophrenia be diagnosed in the presence
of overt brain disease or during states of drug intoxication or withdrawal. Similar
disorders developing in the presence of epilepsy or other brain disease should be
classified under F06.2, and those induced by psychoactive substances under F10-F19 with
common fourth character .5.
Excludes: schizophrenia:
. acute (undifferentiated) (F23.2)
. cyclic (F25.2)
sehizophrenie reaction (F23.2)
schizotypal disorder (F21)
精神分裂症
精神分裂性疾病一般的特徵是思考及知觉的基本、
特有的歪曲 ， 以及不适当的或迟钝的情感。虽然一
些认知的缺陷在疾病的过程中呈现出来 ， 通常维持
清楚的意识及心智的能力。最重要的精神病理现象
包含思想回声、思想插入或剥夺、思想广播、妄想
性知觉、被控制、被影响或被动等妄想、以第叁人
称批评或讨论病人的听幻觉、思考流程障碍与负性
症状。
精神分裂症之病程 ， 有的是持续性、有的是阵发性
合并进行性或稳定性之退化、有的是一次或多次阵
发性 ， 且完全或不完全之康复。若同时有显着的忧
郁或躁症症状 ， 除非精神分裂的症状於情感障碍之
前发生 ， 否则不作精神分裂症的诊断。若病人有明
显脑部疾患或正处於药物中毒或戒断时期 ， 则不作
精神分裂症之诊断若有精神分裂症的疾病出现於癫
痫或其他脑部疾患时 ， 归类於 F06.2 ， 若是由精神作用
物质引起 ， 则归类於 F10-F19 中第四码.5 者。
不包含 ： 精神分裂症 :
． 急性 （ 未分化的 ） （F23.2）
． 循环性 （F25.2)
精神分裂反应 （F23.2）
准精神分裂症 （F21）
F20.1
Hebephrenic schizophrenia
A form of schizophrenia in which affective changes are prominent, delusions and
hallucinations fleeting and fragmentary, behaviour irresponsible and unpredictable, and
mannerisms common. The mood is shallow and inappropriate, thought is disorganized, and
speech is incoherent. There is a tendency to social isolation. Usually the prognosis is
poor because of the rapid development of "negative" symptoms, particularly
flattening of affect and loss of volition. Hebephrenia should normally be diagnosed only
in adolescents or young adults.
Disorganized schizophrenia
Hebephrenia
青春型精神分裂症
精神分裂症的一种 ， 其情感变化显着 ， 妄想与幻觉
变化不定且片片断断 ， 行为不负责任且无法预测 ，
常有作态现象。情绪表浅且不恰当 ， 思想凌乱、语
言失序。患者有孤独的倾向。通常预後不好 ， 因为
其负性症状迅速产生 ， 特别是情感平淡与意志力丧
失。一般而言 ， 第一次下此诊断时 ， 是要在青春期
或成年初期。
解组型精神分裂症 (disorganized schizorhernia)
青春型精神病症 （hebephrenia)
F20.4
Post-schizophrenic depression
A depressive episode, which may he prolonged, arising in the aftermath of a sehizophrenie
illness. Some sehizophrenie symptoms, either "positive" or "negative",
must still be present but they no longer dominate the clinical picture. These depressive
states are associated with an increased risk of suicide. If the patient no longer has any
schizophrenic symptoms, a depressive episode should be diagnosed (F32.-). If schizophrenic
symptoms are still florid and prominent, the diagnosis should remain that of the
appropriate of the schizophrenic subtype (F20.0-F20.3) .
精神分裂後忧郁症
它是一种精神分裂症恢复期之郁症发作 ， 它可能是
持久性之郁症发作。一定要有某些精神分裂症症状
， 但已不明显 ， 这些症状可能是正性或负性症状。
此郁症与自杀率升高有相关性。若病人已无精神分
裂症症状 ， 则应诊断为郁症发作 （F32.-) 。若仍有丰富
而明显的精神分裂症症状 ， 则仍应将其归类於适合
的精神分裂症亚型分类 (F20.0-F20.3) 。
F40
Phobic anxiety disorders
A group of disorders in which anxiety is evoked only, or predominantly, in certain
well-defined situations that are not currently dangerous. As a result these situations are
characteristically avoided or endured with dread. The patient's concern may be focused on
individual symptoms like palpitations or feeling faint and is often associated with
secondary fears of dying, losing control, or going mad. Contemplating entry to the phobic
situation usually generates anticipatory anxiety. Phobic anxiety and depression often
coexist. Whether two diagnoses, phobic anxiety and depressive episode, are needed, or only
one, is determined by the time course of the two conditions and by therapeutic
considerations at the time of consultation.
畏惧焦虑症
当焦虑有在面对一些特定的外界情境或对象下才引
发 ， 该情境对象并不具真正危险性质 ， 个体却无法
忍受而必需规避之 ， 是此障碍的特性。罹患者的顾
虑可能投注在诸如心悸或晕厥感等个别症状上等 ，
而且常伴有续发性的害怕死亡 ， 失控或害怕发狂等
现象。通常越是预期身临该畏惧情境越会导致预期
性焦虑。畏惧性焦虑常常和忧郁并存 ， 究竟是两个
诊断均有存在必要 ， 抑或合为一个诊断即可 ， 可取
决於何者明显为先即为主要诊断 ， 或者诊断当时以
何者为临床治疗之主要考量。
F41.2
Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder
This category should be used when symptoms of anxiety and depression are both present, but
neither is clearly predominant, and neither type of symptom is present to the extent that
justifies a diagnosis if considered separately. When both anxiety and depressive symptoms
are present and severe enough to justify individual diagnoses, both diagnoses should be
recorded and this category should not be used.
Anxiety depression (mild or not persistent)
焦虑与忧郁混合症
这项目在焦虑和忧郁的症状均存在时可用之 ， 而二
者之一没有任何一项之症状是较明显的 ， 但若分开
考虑也没有任何一种症状的程度较重而符合於诊断
标准。当忧郁和焦虑徵候群均存在且严重到符合个
别诊断时 ， 两个诊断应该都要记录 ， 就不用这个项
目。
焦虑性忧郁症 （ 轻度或不持续性 ）
F44.2
Dissociative stupor
Dissociative stupor is diagnosed on the basis of a profound diminution or absence of
voluntary movement and normal responsiveness to external stimuli such as light, noise, and
touch, but examination and investigation reveal no evidence of a physical cause. In
addition, there is positive evidence of psychogenic causation in the form of recent
stressful events or problems.
Excludes: organic catatonic disorder (F06.1)
stupor:
. NOS (R40.1)
. catatonic (F20.2)
. depressive (F31-F33)
. manic (F30.2)
解离性静呆症
解离性静呆症诊断的基础为明显减少 ， 甚至丧失自
主性运动、对外界刺激如光、声、触碰应有的正常
反应。身体检查未能发现身体病因 ， 但有明显的证
据显示心理因素 ， 如最近发生的压力事件或困难 ，
为其致病原因。
不包含 ： 器质性紧张症 （F06.1）
静呆 ：
． 其他未明示者 （R40.1）
． 紧张性 （F20.2）
． 郁性 （F31-F33）
． 躁症 （F30.2） 。
F45.2
Hypochondriacal disorder
The essential feature is a persistent preoccupation with the possibility of having one or
more serious and progressive physical disorders. Patients manifest persistent somatic
complaints or a persistent preoccupation with their physical appearance. Normal or
commonplace sensations and appearances are often interpreted by patients as abnormal and
distressing, and attention is usually focused upon only one or two organs or systems of
the body. Marked depression and anxiety are often present, and may justify additional
diagnoses.
Body dysmorphic disorder
Dysmorphophobia (nondelusional)
Hypochondriacal neurosis
Hypochondriasis
Nosophobia
Excludes: delusional dysmorphophobia (F22.8)
fixed delusions about bodily functions or shape (F22.-)
虑病症
重要的特徵是病患一直认为可能得了一或更多种严
重且日益恶化的身体疾病的先入为主观念 ， 特别是
藉由不断抱怨身体的不适或一直专注的身体外貌来
表示。正常或平常的感觉和外貌常被病人解释为不
正常的 ， 令他自感困扰。注意的焦点常集中在身体
的一、二个器官或系统上。病人常有显着的忧郁及
焦虑现象 ， 且可能符合这些疾病的诊断。
身体畸形症
畸形恐惧症 （ 非妄想性 ）
虑病性精神官能症
畏病症
不包含 ： 妄想性畸形恐惧症 (F22.8)
身体功能或形状之固着妄想。
F51
Nonorganic sleep disorders
In many cases, a disturbance of sleep is one of the symptoms of another disorder, either
mental or physical. Whether a sleep disorder in a given patient is an independent
condition or simply one of the features of another disorder classified elsewhere, either
in this chapter or in others, should be determined on the basis of its clinical
presentation and course as well as on the therapeutic considerations and priorities at the
time of the consultation. Generally, if the sleep disorder is one of the major complaints
and is perceived as a condition in itself, the present code should be used along with
other pertinent diagnoses describing the psychopathology and pathophysiology involved in a
given case. This category includes only those sleep disorders in which emotional causes
are considered to be a primary factor, and which are not due to identifiable physical
disorders classified elsewhere.
Excludes: sleep disorders (organic) (G47.-)
非器质性睡眠障碍症
许多病例中 ， 睡眠障碍常是他种疾病的症状表现之
一 ， 无论是精神或身体的疾病。不论病人的睡眠障
碍是单独出现 ， 或是其他疾病的症状之一 ， 诊断时
必须取决於临床表现、病程发展、治疗考虑、以及
照会时临床问题的优先顺序。一般来说 ， 如果睡眠
障碍是病人一个主诉 ， 同时被视为是重要的问题时
， 那麽除了使用其他能描述精神病理和生理病理问
题的适当诊断之外 ， F51 这个代码的诊断也应被列入
。这个诊断包含主要是由情绪因素所引起的睡眠障
碍 ， 以及其他无法证明是生理疾病引起的睡眠问题
。
不包含 ： 睡眠障碍症 （ 器质性 ） (G47.-)
F61
Mixed and other personality disorders
This category is intended for personality disorders that are often troublesome but do not
demonstrate the specific pattern of symptoms that characterize the disorders described in
F60.-. As a result they are often more difficult to diagnose than the disorders in F60.-.
Examples include:
. mixed personality disorders with features of several of the disorders in F60.- but
without a predominant set of symptoms that would allow a more specific diagnosis
. troublesome personality changes, not classifiable to F60.- or F62.-, and regarded as
secondary to a main diagnosis of a coexisting affective or anxiety disorder.
Excludes: accentuated personality traits (Z73.1)
混合型及其馀型式人格违常
这里所讨论的人格违常 ， 不同於 F60.- 各种各具特异症
状的人格违常 ， 而是较困难 ， 较麻烦的一类。与 F60
相较之下 ， 这里所讨论的人格违常较难诊断。
包含以下实例 ：
． 混合 F60 中几种人格违常的表现 ， 但无较优势之几
个症状 ， 足以归纳於某一特定人格违常疾病之诊断
。
． 较麻烦困难的人格改变 ， 并不能分类到 F60.- 或 F62.-
， 并可视之为续发於某种并存的情感性疾病或焦虑
性疾病。
不包含 ： 突显性人格特质
F62
Enduring personality changes, not attributable to brain damage and
disease
Disorders of adult personality and behaviour that have developed in persons with no
previous personality disorder following exposure to catastrophic or excessive prolonged
stress, or following a severe psychiatric illness. These diagnoses should be made only
when there is evidence of a definite and enduring change in a person's pattern of
perceiving, relating to, or thinking about the environment and himself or herself. The
personality change should be significant and be associated with inflexible and maladaptive
behaviour not present before the pathogenic experience. The change should not be a direct
manifestation of another mental disorder or a residual symptom of any antecedent mental
disorder.
Excludes: personality and behavioural disorder due to brain disease, damage and
dysfunction (F07.-)
非器质性人格变异症
某些成人并非原先存在人格违常或行为违常 ， 而是
续发於发生灾难之後 ， 暴露在长期压力之後或续发
於严重精神疾病之後。除非有证据显示 ， 以下情形
才做此诊断 ： 此病人对环境及自我的看法与他人的
关系确定有一长期持续的改变。此种人格改变必需
是明显的、僵化的、不适应的而且此种现象在此病
态经验之前不曾出现过。此一人格违常并非直接是
另一精神疾病的临床表现 ， 亦非任何先前存在的精
神疾病之残馀症状。
不包含 ： 由於脑部疾病 ， 受损及功能障碍所引发的
人格及行为违常 (F07.-)
F93.0
Separation anxiety disorder of childhood
Should be diagnosed when fear of separation constitutes the focus of the anxiety and when
such anxiety first arose during the early years of childhood. It is differentiated from
normal separation anxiety when it is of a degree (severity) that is statistically unusual
(including an abnormal abnormal persistence beyond the usual age period), and when it is
associated with significant problems in social functioning.
Excludes: mood [affective] disorders (F30-F39)
neurotic disorders (F40-F48)
phobic anxiety disorder of childhood (F93.1)
social anxiety disorder of childhood (F93.2)
儿童期分离焦虑症
只有当害怕分离成为焦虑的主要因素 ， 而且很小时
就有焦虑的症状 ， 才可以诊断为分离焦虑症。与正
常分离焦虑的鉴别在其焦虑的程度很不寻常 （ 包含
已过了平常的年龄阶段 ， 分离焦虑仍持续存在 ） 而
且会并发社会功能上显着问题。
不包含 ： 情感疾病 (F30-39)
精神官能障碍症 (F40-48)
儿童期恐惧焦虑症 (F93.1)
儿童期社交焦虑症 (F93.2)
F93.3
Sibling rivalry disorder
Some degree of emotional disturbance usually following the birth of an immediately younger
sibling is shown by a majority of young children. A sibling rivalry disorder should be
diagnosed only if the degree or persistence of the disturbance is both statistically
unusual and associated with abnormalities of social interaction.
Sibling jealousy
手足竞争症
大多数年幼的儿童在其弟妹 （ 通常是紧接的一个 ）
出生後都会有某种程度的情绪障碍。只有在其障碍
的程度超过寻常 ， 且并有社交功能障碍时才做此诊
断。
包含 ： 手足嫉妒症
I25.2
Old myocardial infarction
Healed myocardial infarction
Past myocardial infarction diagnosed in ECG or other special investigation, but currently
presenting no symptoms
陈旧性心肌梗塞
愈合的心肌梗塞
由心电图或其他特殊检查发现的陈旧心肌梗塞 ， 但
现并无症状
Chapter XVIII 第十八章
SYMPTOMS,SIGNS AND ABNORMAL CLINICAL AND LABORATORY FINDINGS, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
(R00-R99)
症状、候与他处未归类之临床及实验室检查异常所
见 (ROO-R99)
This chapter includes symptoms,signs,abnormal results of
clinical or other investigative procedures,and ill-defined conditions regarding which no
diagnosis classifiable elsewhere is recorded.
本章包含症状、候与其他章节未归类之临床和检查
结果异常 ， 及诊断欠明的病况。
Signs and symptoms that point rather definitely to a given
diagnosis have been assigned to a category in other chapters of the classification. In
general,categories in this chapter include the less well-defined conditions and symptoms
that, without the necessary study of the case to establish a final diagnosis, point
perhaps equally to two or more diseases or to two or more systems of the body. Practically
all categories in the chapter could be designated "not otherwise specified",
"unknown etiology" or "transient " The Alphabetical Index should be
consulted to determine which symptoms and signs are to be allocated here and which to
other chapters. The residual subcategories, numbered .8, are generally provided for other
relevant symptoms that cannot be allocated elsewhere in the classification.
症状与候相当清楚可列入其他章节之疾病诊断时 ，
须列在其他分类章节的范围内。一般来说 ， 列在本
章节的分类 ， 即表明源於诊断未明的病况 ， 含两种
或两种以上多种疾病、多种系统及不需要进一步确
立诊断的病况及候。实际来看 ， 本章的范围可视为
一些其他未明示的、病因欠明或暂时性的症状候 ，
可利用索引来查询症状或候所归类之章节。本章以
(.8) 来代表不易归类之相关症状的其他次分类项。
The conditions and signs or symptoms included in categories
R00-R99 consist of: (a) cases for which no more specific diagnosis can be made even after
all the facts bearing on the case have been investigated;(b) signs or symptoms existing at
the time of initial encounter that proved to be transient and whose causes could not be
determined;(c) provisional diagnoses in a patient who failed to return for further
investigation or care;(d) cases referred elsewhere for investigation or treatment before
the diagnosis was made;(e) cases in which a more precise diagnosis was not available for
any other reason; (f) certain symptoms, for which supplementary information is provided,
that represent important problems in medical care in their own right.
病况、症状及候包含在 ROO 至 R99 类项时 ， 即包含下列
各种情况 (a) 病人检查後 ， 无明示性之诊断 ； (b) 初期
发现且病程短暂及病因无法确认 ； (c) 无法进一步检
查或处理之暂时性诊断 ； (d) 须检查或治疗後才可确
定归类於其他章节的明确诊断 ； (e） 病例无法给予详
细诊断 ； (f) 在重要的医疗问题中症状与候的描述可
给予辅助性的资料时。
Excludes: abnormal findings on antenatal screening of mother
(O28.-)
certain conditions originating in the perinatal period(P00-P96)
不包含 ： 母亲产前检查之异常所见 （O28.-）
源於周产期之病况 （P00-P96）
Chapter XXI 第二十一章
FACTORS INFLUENCING HEALTH STATUS AND CONTACT WITH HEALTH SERVICES (Z00-Z99)
影响健康状况及使用医疗服务的的因素 (Z00-Z99)
Note: This chapter should not be used for international
comparison or for primary mortality coding.
Categories Z00-Z99 are provided for occasions when circumstances other than a disease,
injury or external cause classifiable to categories A00-Y89 are recorded as
"diagnoses" or "problems". This can arise in two main ways:
注 ： 本章不可用作国际间的比较或初步译码之用。
Z00-Z99 系用於病历记录上之诊断或问题为疾病、伤害
或外因 ， 即 A00-Y89 以外的情况。这些情况有两大主要
类别 ：
diagnose accordance rate 诊断符合率
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