civil [ 'sivl] a.公民的；文职的
be civil to 对…有礼貌，对…谦恭
civil a. 国内,平民(非军人)的;民用
带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits
公务员 civil servants
民事诉讼 civil procedure
民法通则 general provisions of the civil law
Civil Engineering Company 土木工程公司
Civil Engineering Company 土木工程公司
insurance against strike, riot and civil commotion (SRCC) 罢工，暴动，民变险
Advanced I Examination [Civil Service Examinations Unit]
一级深造考试〔公务员考试组〕
Amalgamated Union of Highways, Drainage Services, Civil Engineering & Territory Development Departments Engineering Staff
路政署、渠务署、土木工程署及拓展署工程人员合并工会
Association of Expatriate Civil Servants of Hong Kong
香港海外公务员协会
Association of Hong Kong Civil Servants
香港政府公务员协会
Basic Training Package for Civil Service
《公务员基本培训套件》
Best Practices in Human Resources Development Award [Civil Service Training and Development Institute]
人才培训典范奖〔公务员培训处〕
Chief Staff Officer, Civil Aid Service [CSO, CAS]
民众安全服务处总参事
Civil Aid Service [CAS]
民众安全服务处
Civil Aid Service Long Service Bronze Medal
民众安全服务队长期服务铜章
Civil Aid Service Long Service Gold Medal
民众安全服务队长期服务金章
Civil Aid Service Long Service Platinum Medal
民众安全服务队长期服务白金章
Civil Aid Service Long Service Silver Medal
民众安全服务队长期服务银章
Civil and Miscellaneous Lists--The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
《香港特别行政区政府各公务委员会及其他名表》
Civil Aviation Department [CAD]
民航处
Civil Engineering Department [CED]
土木工程署
Civil Engineering Department Local Geotechnical Engineers Association
土木工程署本地土力工程师协会
civil establishment
文职人员编制
Civil Servants Co-operative Building Society
公务员建屋合作社
Civil Servants Finance Advisory Office
公务员财务谘询处
Civil Servants Guide to Good Practices
《公务员良好行为指南》
civil service
公务员；公务员制度；公务员队伍
Civil Service Bureau [CSB]
公务员事务局
Civil Service Bureau Circular
公务员事务局通告
Civil Service Bureau Circular Memorandum
公务员事务局通函
Civil Service Careers Exhibition
政府职位资料展览
civil service code of conduct and discipline
公务员行为及纪律守则
Civil Service Common Recruitment Examination
公务员综合招聘考试
civil service consultative machinery
公务员协商制度；公务员谘询架构
civil service core
公务员核心职位
Civil Service Customer Service Award Scheme
公务员顾客服务奖励计划
Civil Service (Disciplinary) Regulations
《公务员事务（纪律处分）规例》
Civil Service Examinations Unit
公务员考试组
civil service framework
公务员架构
civil service housing benefit
公务员房屋福利
civil service housing benefit scheme
公务员房屋福利计划
Civil Service Integrity Programme
公务员廉洁守正计划
Civil Service into the 21st Century--Civil Service Reform Consultation document
《迈进新世纪──公务员体制改革谘询文件》
Civil Service Newsletter
《公务员通讯》
civil service pension reserve fund
公务员退休金储备基金
civil service post
公务员职位
Civil Service Provident Fund Scheme [CSPF Scheme]
公务员公积金计划
civil service public housing quota
公务员公共房屋配额
Civil Service Public Housing Quota Scheme
公务员公共房屋配额计划
Civil Service Reform
公务员体制改革
Civil Service Reform Newsletter
《公务员体制改革通讯》
Civil Service Regulations [CSR]
《公务员事务规例》
civil service remuneration package
公务员薪酬福利条件
Civil Service Starting Salaries Review
公务员入职薪酬检讨
Civil Service Training and Development Institute [CSTDI]
公务员培训处
Civil Service Walk for Charity
公务员百万行
CLC [Cyber Learning Centre] [Civil Service Training and Development Institute]
网上学习中心〔公务员培训处〕
CLIP [Cyber Learning Incentive Programme] [Civil Service Training and Development Institute]
网上学习奖励计划〔公务员培训处〕
Committee on Civil Service Consultative Machinery
公务员谘询架构委员会
Consultancy Study on the Civil Service Retirement Benefits System
公务员退休福利制度顾问研究
Consultation document on Civil Service Consultative Machinery
《公务员谘询架构谘询文件》
Consultation document on Civil Service Terms of Appointment and Conditions of Service
《公务员聘用及服务条件谘询文件》
CSPF Scheme [Civil Service Provident Fund Scheme]
公务员公积金计划
CSR [Civil Service Regulations]
《公务员事务规例》
Cyber Learning Centre [CLC] [Civil Service Training and Development Institute]
网上学习中心〔公务员培训处〕
Cyber Learning Incentive Programme [CLIP] [Civil Service Training and Development Institute]
网上学习奖励计划〔公务员培训处〕
Declaration of Investments by Civil Servants [GF389(I) & GF389(II)]
公务员投资申报表〔通用表格第389(I)号和通用表格第389(II)号〕
Director, Civil Service Training and Development Institute [D, CSTDI]
公务员培训处处长
Director of Civil Engineering [DCE]
土木工程署署长
Director-General of Civil Aviation [DGCA]
民航处处长
Ethical Leadership in Action--Handbook for Senior Managers in the Civil Service [Independent Commission Against Corruption]
《持廉守正──公务员管理实务手册》〔廉政公署〕
expatriate civil servant
外籍公务员
Civil Force 公民力量
Hague Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extra-judicial document． in Civil and Commercial Matters [1965] 《关于向国外送达民事或商事司法文书和司法外文书的海牙公约》〔一九六五年〕
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》
legal and procedural arrangements between Hong Kong and China in civil and commercial matters 中港之间的民商事法律及程序安排
Ministry of Civil Affairs [China] 民政部〔中国〕
reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgements in civil and commercial matters 对等承认及执行民商事判决
民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law (including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law )
土木工程 Civil Engineering
Civil Engineer 土木工程师
民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs
中国民用航空总局 Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)
国际公务员协会联合会 Federation of International Civil Servants Associations (FICSA)
国际公务员制度委员会 International Civil Service Commission (ICSC)
Civil 民用的，民事的
civil action 民事诉讼
Civil Law 民法
civil liability 民事责任
civil penalty 民事罚款
civil right 民权
civil code 民法
We must defend our civil liberties at all costs.
不管付出多少代价，我们都要捍卫我们的公民自由。
The country is becoming increasingly fragmented by civil war.
这个国家正因内战而日趋分裂。
Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.
人民活动家一直认为黑人和拉丁美人难以在生意上立足的原因是因为他们难以取得大公司的大宗定单和分包合同。
Perhaps he believed that he could not criticize American foreign policy without endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal government.
也许他认为他批评美国的外支政策就会使他从联帮政府那里获得的对人权和的支持受到威胁。
insurance against strike, riot and civil commotion (SRCC) 罢工，暴动，民变险
Nothing in all the world is more dangerous than sincere ingnorance and conscientious stupidity.
Martin Luther King, American leader of non-violent civil right movement
世界上再也没有比实实在在的无知和认认真真的愚蠢更危险的了。
美国非暴力民权运动领袖马丁?路德?
In most civil contexts it does not matter whether negligence is “gross” or “slight”.
在多数民事事项环境中，过失行为是否“严重”或“轻微”并不关紧要。
- Keep a civil tongue in one's head 说话有礼貌
A child is taught to keep a civil tongue in his head when he is small.
国内 [guó nèi] /domestic/internal (to a country)/civil/
国内战争 [guó nèi zhàn zhēng] /civil war/internal struggle/
进士 [jìn shì] /successful candidate in the highest imperial civil service examination/palace graduate/
民航 [mín háng] /(n) civil aviation/
民权 [mín quán] /civil liberties/
民事 [mín shì] /civil case/agricultural affairs/civil/
民运 [mín yùn] /civil transport/movement aimed at the masses/democracy movement (abbr.)/
内乱 [nèi luàn] /internal disorder/civil strife/
内战 [nèi zhàn] /civil war/
中国民航 [zhōng guó mín háng] /General Administration of Civil Aviation of China (CAAC)/
{adj: Angolan} of or relating to or characteristic of Angola or its people
"the Angolan Civil War"
{adj: Confederate} of or having to do with the southern Confederacy during the American Civil War
"Confederate soldiers"
{adj: Eritrean} of or relating to or characteristic of Eritrea or its people
"Eritrean civil war"
{adj: Union, Federal} being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War
"Union soldiers"
"Federal forces"
"a Federal infantryman"
{adj: anonymous} not known or lacking marked individuality
"brown anonymous houses"
"anonymous bureaucrats in the Civil Service"
{adj: antebellum} belonging to a period before a war especially the American Civil War
{adj: blue} used to signify the Union forces in the American Civil War (who wore blue uniforms)
"a ragged blue line"
{adj: civil, civic} of or relating to or befitting citizens as individuals
"civil rights"
"civil liberty"
"civic duties"
"civic pride"
{adj: civil, polite} not rude; marked by satisfactory (or especially minimal) adherence to social usages and sufficient but not noteworthy consideration for others
"even if he didn't like them he should have been civil"- W.S. Maugham
<-> uncivil
{adj: civil-libertarian} having or showing active concern for protection of civil liberties protected by law
{adj: civil} (of divisions of time) legally recognized in ordinary affairs of life
"the civil calendar"
"a civil day begins at mean midnight"
<-> sidereal
{adj: civil} applying to ordinary citizens
"civil law"
"civil authorities"
{adj: civil} of or in a condition of social order
"civil peoples"
{adj: civil} of or occurring within the state or between or among citizens of the state
"civil affairs"
"civil strife"
"civil disobedience"
"civil branches of government"
{adj: free} not held in servitude
"after the Civil War he was a free man"
<-> slave
{adj: grey, gray} used to signify the Confederate forces in the American Civil War (who wore grey uniforms)
"a stalwart grey figure"
{adj: incipient, inchoate} only partly in existence; imperfectly formed
"incipient civil disorder"
"an incipient tumor"
"a vague inchoate idea"
{adj: insurgent, seditious, subversive} in opposition to a civil authority or government
{adj: liberalistic} having or demonstrating belief in the essential goodness of man and the autonomy of the individual; favoring civil and political liberties, government by law with the consent of the governed, and protection from arbitrary authority
{adj: retired, superannuated} discharged as too old for use or work; especially with a pension
"a superannuated civil servant"
{adj: selfish} concerned chiefly or only with yourself and your advantage to the exclusion of others
"Selfish men were...trying to make capital for themselves out of the sacred cause of civil rights"- Maria Weston Chapman
<-> unselfish
{adj: sidereal} (of divisions of time) determined by daily motion of the stars
"sidereal time"
<-> civil
{adj: sui generis} constituting a class of its own; unique
"a history book sui generis"
"sui generis works like Mary Chestnut's Civil War diary"
{adj: topical} of interest at the present time
"a topical reference"
"a topical and timely study of civil liberty"
{adj: uncivil, rude} lacking civility or good manners
"want nothing from you but to get away from your uncivil tongue"- Willa Cather
<-> civil
{adv: civilly} in a civil manner
"he treats his former wife civilly"
<-> uncivilly
{adv: irreverently} in an irreverent manner
"in the seventeenth century England had known fifty years of doctrinal quarrels and civil war; clergymen had been turned from their cures, and churches irreverently used"
{adv: trenchantly} in a vigorous and effective manner
"he defended his client's civil rights trenchantly"
{n: Ab, Av} the eleventh month of the civil year; the fifth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in July and August)
{n: Adar} the sixth month of the civil year; the twelfth month of the ecclesiastic year in the Jewish calendar (in February and March)
{n: Aga, Agha} title for a civil or military leader (especially in Turkey)
{n: Alabama, Heart of Dixie, Camellia State, AL} a state in the southeastern United States on the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War
{n: American Civil War, United States Civil War, War between the States} civil war in the United States between the North and the South; 1861-1865
{n: Angola, Republic of Angola} a republic in southwestern Africa on the Atlantic Ocean; achieved independence from Portugal in 1975 and was the scene of civil war until 1990
{n: Arkansas, Land of Opportunity, AR} a state in south central United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War
{n: Atlanta, capital of Georgia} state capital and largest city of Georgia; chief commercial center of the southeastern United States; was plundered and burned by Sherman's army during the American Civil War
{n: Bond, Julian Bond} United States civil rights leader who was elected to the legislature in Georgia but was barred from taking his seat because he opposed the Vietnam War (born 1940)
{n: Brady, Mathew B. Brady} United States pioneer photographer famous for his portraits; was the official Union photographer for the American Civil War (1823-1896)
{n: Bragg, Braxton Bragg} Confederate general during the American Civil War who was defeated by Grant in the battle of Chattanooga (1817-1876)
{n: Bull Run, Battle of Bull Run} either of two battles during the American Civil War (1861 and 1862); Confederate forces defeated the Federal army in both battles
{n: Bull Run} a creek in northeastern Virginia where two battles were fought in the American Civil War
{n: Burnside, A. E. Burnside, Ambrose Everett Burnside} United States general in the American Civil War who was defeated by Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Fredericksburg (1824-1881)
{n: Carson, Kit Carson, Christopher Carson} United States frontiersman who guided Fremont's expeditions in the 1840s and served as a Union general in the American Civil War (1809-1868)
{n: Cavalier, Royalist} a royalist supporter of Charles I during the English Civil War
{n: Chancellorsville} a major battle in the American Civil War (1863); the Confederates under Robert E. Lee defeated the Union forces under Joseph Hooker
{n: Chattanooga, battle of Chattanooga} in the American Civil War (1863) the Union armies of Hooker, Thomas, and Sherman under the command of Ulysses S. Grant won a decisive victory over the Confederate Army under Braxton Bragg
{n: Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Chung-cheng} Chinese military and political figure; in the Chinese civil war that followed World War II he was defeated by the Chinese communists and in 1949 was forced to withdraw to Taiwan where he served as president of Nationalist China until his death (1897-1975)
{n: Chickamauga, battle of Chickamauga} a Confederate victory in the American Civil War (1863); Confederate forces under Braxton Bragg defeated Union forces
{n: Civil List} a sum of money voted by British Parliament each year for the expenses of the British royal family
{n: Civil Rights movement} movement in the United States beginning in the 1960s and led primarily by Blacks in an effort to establish the civil rights of individual Black citizens
{n: Confederate Army, Army of the Confederacy} the southern army during the American Civil War
{n: Confederate soldier} a soldier in the Army of the Confederacy during the American Civil War
{n: Cooke, Jay Cooke} United States financier who marketed Union bonds to finance the American Civil War; the failure of his bank resulted in a financial panic in 1873 (1821-1905)
{n: Cromwell, Oliver Cromwell, Ironsides} English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)
{n: Davis, Jefferson Davis} American statesman; president of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War (1808-1889)
{n: Deep South} the southeastern region of the United States: South Carolina and Georgia and Alabama and Mississippi and Louisiana; prior to the American Civil War all these states produced cotton and permitted slavery
{n: Department of Justice, Justice Department, Justice, DoJ} the United States federal department responsible for enforcing federal laws (including the enforcement of all civil rights legislation); created in 1870
{n: Dix, Dorothea Dix, Dorothea Lynde Dix} United States social reformer who pioneered in the reform of prisons and in the treatment of the mentally ill; superintended women army nurses during the American Civil War (1802-1887)
{n: Du Bois, W. E. B. Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt Du Bois} United States civil rights leader and political activist who campaigned for equality for Black Americans (1868-1963)
{n: Elul, Ellul} the twelfth month of the civil year; the sixth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in August and September)
{n: English Civil War} civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I; 1644-1648
{n: Evers, Medgar Evers, Medgar Wiley Evers} United States civil rights worker in Mississippi; was killed by a sniper (1925-1963)
{n: Farmer, James Leonard Farmer} United States civil rights leader who in 1942 founded the Congress of Racial Equality (born in 1920)
{n: Farragut, David Glasgow Farragut} United States admiral who commanded Union ships during the American Civil War (1801-1870)
{n: Federal, Federal soldier, Union soldier} a member of the Union Army during the American Civil War
{n: Florida, Sunshine State, Everglade State, FL} a state in southeastern United States between the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War
{n: Foster, Stephen Foster, Stephen Collins Foster} United States songwriter whose songs embody the sentiment of the South before the American Civil War (1826-1864)
{n: Fredericksburg, Battle of Fredericksburg} an important battle in the American Civil War (1862); the Union's army under A. E. Burnside was defeated by the Confederate army under Robert E. Lee
{n: Garcia Lorca, Frederico Garcia Lorca, Lorca} Spanish poet and dramatist who was shot dead by Franco's soldiers soon after the start of the Spanish Civil War (1898-1936)
{n: Georgia, Empire State of the South, Peach State, GA} a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War
{n: Gettysburg Address} a three-minute address by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg (November 19, 1863)
{n: Gettysburg, Battle of Gettysburg} a battle of the American Civil War (1863); the defeat of Robert E. Lee's invading Confederate army was a major victory for the Union
{n: Grant, Ulysses Grant, Ulysses S. Grant, Ulysses Simpson Grant, Hiram Ulysses Grant, President Grant} 18th President of the United States; commander of the Union armies in the American Civil War (1822-1885)
{n: Hampton Roads} a naval battle of the American Civil War (1862); the indecisive battle between the Monitor and the Merrimac
{n: Heshvan} the second month of the civil year; the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in October and November)
{n: International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO} the United Nations agency concerned with civil aviation
{n: Iyar, Iyyar} the eighth month of the civil year; the second month of the ecclesiastical year (in April and May)
{n: Jackson, Jesse Jackson, Jesse Louis Jackson} United States civil rights leader who led a national campaign against racial discrimination and ran for presidential nomination (born in 1941)
{n: Jackson, Thomas Jackson, Thomas J. Jackson, Thomas Jonathan Jackson, Stonewall Jackson} general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall (1824-1863)
{n: Johnston, J. E. Johnston, Joseph Eggleston Johnston} Confederate general in the American Civil War; led the Confederate troops in the West (1807-1891)
{n: Kennesaw Mountain} battle of the American Civil War (1864); Union forces under William Tecumseh Sherman were repulsed by Confederate troops under Joseph Eggleston Johnston
{n: Kentucky, Bluegrass State, KY} a state in east central United States; a border state during the American Civil War; famous for breeding race horses
{n: King, Martin Luther King, Martin Luther King Jr.} United States charismatic civil rights leader and Baptist minister who campaigned against the segregation of Blacks (1929-1968)
{n: Kislev, Chislev} the third month of the civil year; the ninth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in November and December)
{n: Lee, Robert E. Lee, Robert Edward Lee} American general who led the Confederate armies in the American Civil War (1807-1870)
{n: Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln, President Lincoln, President Abraham Lincoln} 16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)
{n: Louisiana, Pelican State, LA} a state in southern United States on the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War
{n: Malcolm X, Malcolm Little} militant civil rights leader (1925-1965)
{n: Mason-Dixon line, Mason and Dixon line, Mason and Dixon's line} the boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania; symbolic dividing line between North and South before the American Civil War
{n: Meredith, James Meredith, James Howard Meredith} United States civil rights leader whose college registration caused riots in traditionally segregated Mississippi (born in 1933)
{n: Mississippi, Magnolia State, MS} a state in the Deep South on the gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate States during the American Civil War
{n: Missouri, Show Me State, MO} a midwestern state in central United States; a border state during the American Civil War, Missouri was admitted to the Confederacy without actually seceding from the Union
{n: Mitchell, Margaret Mitchell, Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell} United States writer noted for her novel about the South during the American Civil War (1900-1949)
{n: Naseby, Battle of Naseby} a battle in 1645 that settled the outcome of the first English Civil War as the Parliamentarians won a major victory over the Royalists
{n: National Academy of Sciences} an honorary American society of scientists created by President Lincoln during the American Civil War
{n: Nisan, Nissan} the seventh month of the civil year; the first month of the ecclesiastic year (in March and April)
{n: Old South} the South of the United States before the American Civil War
{n: Parks, Rosa Parks} United States civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery (Alabama) and so triggered the national civil rights movement (born in 1913)
{n: Petersburg, Petersburg Campaign} the final campaign of the American Civil War (1864-65); Union forces under Grant besieged and finally defeated Confederate forces under Lee
{n: Petersburg} a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War
{n: Rebel, Reb, Johnny Reb, Johnny, greyback} `Johnny' was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; `greyback' derived from their grey Confederate uniforms
{n: Reconstruction, Reconstruction Period} the period after the American Civil War when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union; 1865-1877
{n: Richmond, capital of Virginia} capital of the state of Virginia located in the east central part of the state; was capital of the Confederacy during the American Civil War
{n: Rock Island} a town in northwest Illinois on the Mississippi River; site of a Union prison during the American Civil War
{n: Roman Republic} the ancient Roman state from 509 BC until Augustus assumed power in 27 BC; was governed by an elected Senate but dissatisfaction with the Senate led to civil wars that culminated in a brief dictatorship by Julius Caesar
{n: Roman law, Justinian code, civil law, jus civile} the legal code of ancient Rome; codified under Justinian; the basis for many modern systems of civil law
{n: Roundhead} a supporter of parliament and Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War
{n: Rupert, Prince Rupert} English leader (born in Germany) of the Royalist forces during the English Civil War (1619-1682)
{n: Russian Revolution, October Revolution} the coup d'etat by the Bolsheviks under Lenin in November 1917 that led to a period of civil war which ended in victory for the Bolsheviks in 1922
{n: Secession} the withdrawal of eleven southern states from the Union in 1860 which precipitated the American Civil War
{n: Shebat, Shevat} the fifth month of the civil year: the eleventh month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in January and February)
{n: Shenandoah Valley} a large valley between the Allegheny Mountains and the Blue Ridge Mountains in northern Virginia; site of numerous battles during the American Civil War
{n: Shiloh, battle of Shiloh, battle of Pittsburgh Landing} the second great battle of the American Civil War (1862); the battle ended with the withdrawal of Confederate troops but it was not a Union victory
{n: Sivan, Siwan} the ninth month of the civil year; the third month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in May and June)
{n: Spanish Civil War} civil war in Spain in which Franco succeeded in overthrowing the republican government; during the war Spain became a battleground for fascists and socialists from all countries; 1936-1939
{n: Spanish Inquisition} an inquisition initiated in 1478 by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella that guarded the orthodoxy of Catholicism in Spain (especially from the 15th to the 17th centuries)
"the Spanish Inquisition was administered by both civil and church authorities which gave it ultimate power"
"Torquemada was the inquisitor general for the Spanish Inquisition"
{n: Spotsylvania} a village in northeastern Virginia where battles were fought during the American Civil War
{n: Steinman, David Barnard Steinman} United States civil engineer noted for designing suspension bridges (including the George Washington Bridge) (1886-1960)
{n: Tammuz, Thammuz} the tenth month of the civil year; the fourth month of the ecclesiastic year (in June and July)
{n: Tebet, Tevet} the fourth month of the civil year; the tenth month of the ecclesiastical year (in December and January)
{n: Tishri} the first month of the civil year; the seventh month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in September and October)
{n: Underground Railroad, Underground Railway} secret aid to escaping slaves that was provided by abolitionists in the years before the American Civil War
{n: Union Army} the northern army during the American Civil War
{n: Union, North} the United States (especially the northern states during the American Civil War)
"he has visited every state in the Union"
"Lee hoped to detach Maryland from the Union"
"the North's superior resources turned the scale"
{n: Vicksburg, siege of Vicksburg} a decisive battle in the American Civil War (1863); after being besieged for nearly seven weeks the Confederates surrendered
{n: Vicksburg} a town in western Mississippi on bluffs above the Mississippi River west of Jackson; focus of an important campaign during the American Civil War as the Union fought to control the Mississippi River and so to cut the Confederacy into two halves
{n: Virginia, Old Dominion, Old Dominion State, VA} a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War
{n: Whig} a member of the Whig Party that existed in the United States before the American Civil War
{n: Whitehall} the British civil service
{n: Wilderness Campaign} American Civil War; a series of indecisive battles in Grant's campaign (1864) against Lee in which both armies suffered terrible losses
{n: Wilderness} a wooded region in northeastern Virginia near Spotsylvania where inconclusive battles were fought in the American Civil War
{n: Wilkins, Roy Wilkins} United States civil rights leader (1901-1981)
{n: Yankee, Yank, Northerner} an American who lives in the North (especially during the American Civil War)
{n: Young, Whitney Young, Whitney Moore Young Jr.} United States civil rights leader (1921-1971)
{n: accession} (civil law) the right to all of that which your property produces whether by growth or improvement
{n: answer} the principle pleading by the defendant in response to plaintiff's complaint; in criminal law it consists of the defendant's plea of `guilty' or `not guilty' (or nolo contendere); in civil law it must contain denials of all allegations in the plaintiff's complaint that the defendant hopes to controvert and it can contain affirmative defenses or counterclaims
{n: attainder, civil death} cancellation of civil rights
{n: battlefield, battleground, field of battle, field of honor, field} a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought
"they made a tour of Civil War battlefields"
{n: bushwhacker} a Confederate guerrilla during the American Civil War
{n: calendar day, civil day} a day reckoned from midnight to midnight
{n: calendar year, civil year} the year (reckoned from January 1 to December 31) according to Gregorian calendar
{n: caliph, calif, kaliph, kalif, khalif, khalifah} the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth
"many radical Muslims believe a Khalifah will unite all Islamic lands and people and subjugate the rest of the world"
{n: carpetbagger} an outsider who seeks power or success presumptuously
"after the Civil War the carpetbaggers from the north tried to take over the south"
{n: case law, precedent, common law} (civil law) a law established by following earlier judicial decisions
{n: civic leader, civil leader} a leader in municipal affairs
{n: civil action} legal action to protect a private civil right or to compel a civil remedy (as distinguished from criminal prosecution)
{n: civil authority} a person who exercises authority over civilian affairs
{n: civil censorship} military censorship of civilian communications (correspondence or printed matter of films) entering or leaving of circulating within territories controlled by armed forces
{n: civil contempt} a failure to follow a court order that benefits someone else
{n: civil death} the legal status of a person who is alive but who has been deprived of the rights and privileges of a citizen or a member of society; the legal status of one sentenced to life imprisonment
{n: civil defense} activities organized by civilians for their own protection in time of war or disaster
{n: civil disobedience} a group's refusal to obey a law because they believe the law is immoral (as in protest against discrimination)
"Thoreau wrote a famous essay justifying civil disobedience"
{n: civil engineering} the branch of engineering concerned with the design and construction of such public works as dams or bridges
{n: civil engineer} an engineer trained to design and construct and maintain public works (roads or bridges or harbors etc.)
{n: civil law} the body of laws established by a state or nation for its own regulation
<-> international law
{n: civil liberty, political liberty} one's freedom to exercise one's rights as guaranteed under the laws of the country
{n: civil liberty} fundamental individual right protected by law and expressed as immunity from unwarranted governmental interference
{n: civil marriage} a marriage performed by a government official rather than by a clergyman
{n: civil order, polity} the form of government of a social organization
{n: civil rights leader, civil rights worker, civil rights activist} a leader of the political movement dedicated to securing equal opportunity for members of minority groups
{n: civil right} right or rights belonging to a person by reason of citizenship including especially the fundamental freedoms and privileges guaranteed by the 13th and 14th amendments and subsequent acts of Congress including the right to legal and social and economic equality
{n: civil servant} a public official who is a member of the civil service
{n: civil service} government workers; usually hired on the basis of competitive examinations
{n: civil suit} a lawsuit alleging violations of civil law by the defendant
{n: civil time, standard time, local time} the official time in a local region (adjusted for location around the Earth); established by law or custom
{n: civil union} a voluntary union for life (or until divorce) of adult parties of the same sex
"parties to a civil union have all the same benefits, protections, and responsibilities under Vermont law as spouses in a marriage"
{n: civil war} a war between factions in the same country
{n: color of law, colour of law} a mere semblance of legal right; something done with the apparent authority of law but actually in contravention of law
"the plaintiff claimed that under color of law the officer had deprived him of his civil rights"
{n: complaint} (civil law) the first pleading of the plaintiff setting out the facts on which the claim for relief is based
{n: free state} any state prohibiting slavery prior to the American Civil War
<-> slave state
{n: freedom from double jeopardy} a civil right guaranteed by the 5th amendment to the US constitution
{n: freedom from involuntary servitude} a civil right guaranteed by the 13th amendment to the US constitution
{n: freedom from self-incrimination, privilege against self incrimination} the civil right (guaranteed by the 5th amendment to the United States Constitution) to refuse to answer questions or otherwise give testimony against yourself
{n: freedom of religion} a civil right guaranteed by the 1st amendment to the US constitution
{n: freedom of speech} a civil right guaranteed by the 1st amendment to the US constitution
{n: freedom rider} one of an interracial group of civil rights activists who rode buses through parts of the South in order to protest racial segregation
{n: grandfather clause} an exemption based on circumstances existing prior to the adoption of some policy; used to enfranchise illiterate whites in south after the American Civil War
{n: habeas corpus} the civil right to obtain a writ of habeas corpus as protection against illegal imprisonment
{n: highway engineer} a civil engineer who specializes in the design and construction of roads and highways
{n: hydraulic engineering} the branch of civil engineering dealing with the use and control of water in motion
{n: international law, law of nations} the body of laws governing relations between nations
<-> civil law
{n: jurist, legal expert} a legal scholar versed in civil law or the law of nations
{n: killing field} (usually plural) an area where many people have died (usually by massacre or genocide during war or violent civil disturbance)
{n: law of the land} a phrase used in the Magna Carta to refer to the then established law of the kingdom (as distinct from Roman or civil law); today it refers to fundamental principles of justice commensurate with due process
"the United States Constitution declares itself to be `the supreme law of the land'"
{n: liberal, liberalist, progressive} a person who favors a political philosophy of progress and reform and the protection of civil liberties
<-> conservative
{n: martial law} the body of law imposed by the military over civilian affairs (usually in time of war or civil crisis); overrides civil law
{n: merit system} the system of employing and promoting civil servants on the basis of ability
<-> spoils system
{n: national censorship} censorship under civil authority of communications entering or leaving of crossing the borders of the United States or its territories or possessions
{n: night rider, nightrider} member of a secret mounted band in United States south after the American Civil War; committed acts of intimidation and revenge
{n: pasha, pacha} a civil or military authority in Turkey or Egypt
{n: petit jury, petty jury} a jury of 12 to determine the facts and decide the issue in civil or criminal proceedings
{n: police commissioner} a civil commissioner appointed to supervise the duties and discipline of the police
{n: politician} a leader engaged in civil administration
{n: pretrial, pretrial conference} (law) a conference held before the trial begins to bring the parties together to outline discovery proceedings and to define the issues to be tried; more useful in civil than in criminal cases
{n: privation, deprivation} act of depriving someone of food or money or rights
"nutritional privation"
"deprivation of civil rights"
{n: public service} employment within a government system (especially in the civil service)
{n: right to an attorney} a civil right guaranteed by the 6th amendment to the US constitution
{n: right to speedy and public trial by jury} a civil right guaranteed by the 6th amendment to the United States constitution
{n: scalawag, scallywag} a white Southerner who supported Reconstruction policies after the American Civil War (usually for self-interest)
{n: secularization, secularisation} transfer of property from ecclesiastical to civil possession
{n: sit-in} a form of civil disobedience in which demonstrators occupy seats and refuse to move
{n: slave market} a marketplace where slaves were auctioned off (especially in the southern United States before the American Civil War)
{n: slave state} any of the southern states in which slavery was legal prior to the American Civil War
<-> free state
{n: soul} a secular form of gospel that was a major Black musical genre in the 1960s and 1970s
"soul was politically significant during the Civil Rights movement"
{n: spoils system} the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power
<-> merit system
{n: summons, process} a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant
{n: tort, civil wrong} (law) any wrongdoing for which an action for damages may be brought
{n: triumvirate} a group of three men responsible for public administration or civil authority
{n: triumvir} one of a group of three sharing public administration or civil authority especially in ancient Rome
{n: vehemence, emphasis} intensity or forcefulness of expression
"the vehemence of his denial"
"his emphasis on civil rights"
{n: warlord} supreme military leader exercising civil power in a region especially one accountable to nobody when the central government is weak
{n: whitelash, white backlash} backlash by white racists against black civil rights advances
{n: wrongdoer, offender} a person who transgresses moral or civil law
{n: wrongdoing, wrongful conduct, misconduct, actus reus} activity that transgresses moral or civil law
"he denied any wrongdoing"
{n: wrongful death} a death that results from a wrongful act or from negligence; a death that can serve as the basis for a civil action for damages on behalf of the dead person's family or heirs
{v: carry, extend} continue or extend
"The civil war carried into the neighboring province"
"The disease extended into the remote mountain provinces"
{v: co-opt} appoint summarily or commandeer
"The army tried to co-opt peasants into civil defence groups"
{v: federate, federalize, federalise} unite on a federal basis or band together as a league
"The country was federated after the civil war"
{v: militarize, militarise} adopt for military use
"militarize the Civil Service"
{v: name, call} assign a specified, proper name to
"They named their son David"
"The new school was named after the famous Civil Rights leader"
{v: nominate, propose} put forward ; nominate for appointment to an office
"The President nominated her as head of the Civil Rights Commission"
{v: recuse} challenge or except to a judge as being incompetent or interested, in canon and civil law
{v: secularize} transfer from ecclesiastical to civil possession, use, or control
{v: sit in} participate in an act of civil disobedience
{v: stimulate, shake, shake up, excite, stir} stir the feelings, emotions, or peace of
"These stories shook the community"
"the civil war shook the country"
{v: subvert} destroy completely
"we must not let our civil liberties be subverted by the current crisis"
Robert Jordan, an American fighting for the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War, is sent behind Fascist lines to destroy a bridge.
罗伯特·乔丹是一位在西班牙内战中帮助共和国游击队作战的美国人，他被派往法西斯后方去炸毁一座桥梁。
K'vod ha-met: in Hebrew, respect for the dead. K'
：在希伯来语中，它的意思是：尊重死者。
For Jews, this ancient, principle ensures dignified treatment of the body.
对犹太人来说，这个古老的原则保证了死者的尸体得到有尊严的处理。
Even in liberal Judaism, only certain conditions can override it:
即使是在开明派犹太人的圈子里，也只有在某些特殊情况下才能推翻这个原则：
when civil law requires an autopsy, for example, to determine the cause of death; or when there is an opportunity to save a life.
例如，为了确定死亡原因，按民法规定有必要进行尸体解剖时；或者在有可能挽救一个生命时。
In six years, First Union Corp from North Carolina has established banking connections with three-quarters of the embassies in Washington DC,
在六年的时间里，来自北卡罗来纳州的第一联合公司已与首都华盛顿四分之三的大使馆建立起了银行业务联系，
and it now has more than 5,000 individual accounts and 1,000 commercial accounts in the diplomatic/international civil service communities.
目前它在外交国际公职团体中已拥有 5000多个个人账户及 1000多家商业账户。
" It is clear to us all that a tire burst alone should never cause a loss of a public-transport aircraft, " said Sir Malcolm Field, head of Britain's Civil Aviation Authority.
英方指出，在采取适当措施确保证轮胎安全之前，协和式飞机将不得起飞。 "飞机安全的这种不可靠性降低了它的声望，而声望正是它成功的关键所在。 "
It was closed in 1997 during the Rwandan civil war, in which some 800,000 people died. 1997年，卢旺达爆发内战， 80万人死亡，公园也因战乱关闭。
They also have adopted a new stratagem to avoid the militias fleeing into their forest from the civil war.
它们还采用了一种新策略，躲避因内战而逃到森林里来的民兵。
Shakespeare's Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power; nor is Picasso's painting Guernica primarily a propositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism.
莎士比亚（Shakespeare）的《哈姆莱特》（Hamlet）一剧并不是有关优柔寡断的王子之行为或政治权力之运用的一部宣传性小册子，而毕加索（Picasso）的《格尔尼卡》（Guernica）从根本上来说亦不是有关西班牙内战或法西斯罪恶的某种命题陈述。
"The only practical way of addressing the water crisis is through consolidation of civil society and the creation of a legally binding mechanism for resolving all water-related issues," he said. "This is why Green Cross International together with other international, national and local organizations has launched an international public campaign to urge the national governments to start the negotiations of the global treaty on the right to water."
利霍塔尔说：“解决水危机唯一行之有效的办法是通过联合公民社会以及创建一套法律约束机制等方式来解决所有与水相关的问题。这也就是为什么国际绿色十字会和其他国际性以及各国和地区性的机构共同发起了这次公众性的运动，以敦促各国政府开始协商，制订全球性的用水权利协议。”
He says obtaining an international water treaty will take the same kind of mobilization by civil society which achieved the Ottawa Convention, banning the production and use of landmines. He says so far, Morocco, Tajikistan and Uganda support the movement and South Africa and Brazil are showing great interest.
他说，需要象禁止生产和使用地雷的渥太华公约那样将公民社会动员起来，才能达成一部国际性的用水公约。他说，目前已经有摩洛哥、塔吉克斯坦和乌干达对这个运动表示支持，南非和巴西也表示有很大兴趣。
But if Hamas makes a strong showing in parliamentary elections in July, it could decide that it has the popular support to continue suicide bombings against Israel. And that's why Israel is demanding that Hamas be disarmed. The Palestinian Authority is reluctant to confront Hamas head on, fearing it would lead to civil war.
但是，如果哈马斯在七月的议会选举中表现出色，它会以民众支持为由，决定继续以自杀炸弹对付以色列。这也是以色列为什么下令要解除哈马斯武装的原因。巴勒斯坦当局不愿意和哈马斯发生正面冲突，担心因此而导致内战。
The hometown celebration of the birthday of slain civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. began with an ecumenical service at the historic Ebenezer Baptist Church, where King preached before he was assassinated in 1968. Martin Luther King III, the president of the King Center in Atlanta, asked the congregation to remember his father's legacy of peace.
民权运动领袖马丁·路德·金家乡的诞辰纪念活动从历史上著名的埃比尼泽浸礼会教堂的宗教仪式开始。在1968年遇刺之前，金牧师曾在这个教堂布道。在亚特兰大马丁·路德·金中心的主席马丁·路德·金三世呼吁人们记住他父亲的和平遗产。
Among the dignitaries attending was Georgia Congressman John Lewis, a Democrat and a veteran of the civil rights movement. Congressman Lewis said Reverend King believed in taking action to build a world community at peace with itself.
参加纪念活动的著名人士包括乔治亚州民主党国会议员刘易斯。他是一位资深的民权活动人士。国会议员刘易斯说，马丁·路德·金相信，要采取行动，建立一个内在和谐的世界。
Taiwan has banned direct transport links since 1949, when the Nationalist Kuomintang government fled to Taiwan after losing a civil war to the Chinese Communist Party.
自从国民党政权1949年在中国大陆的内战中失利后败退到台湾以来，台湾一直禁止和中国大陆直接通航。
"Now with the Nobel Peace Prize, we feel that many people will be willing to support us, including governments, which have a lot of resources, and also many civil society organizations, which would have been afraid in the past will now be able to embrace this approach and I hope we can do a lot of good not only in Kenya, but also in Africa and, indeed, beyond," she said.
马塔伊说：“我们觉得，得到诺贝尔和平奖之后，人们会更加愿意支持我们，其中包括有着大量资源的各国政府以及许多民间组织，它们不必象以前那样害怕。我希望我们能够做许多有益的事情，不仅在肯尼亚，还有整个非洲，乃至更大的范围。”
Ms. Maathai was educated in the United States in the 1960s, during the era of the civil rights movement. The experience, she says, encouraged her to go home and do something positive for the people of Kenya. In the late 1970s, Ms. Maathai began the Green Belt movement to help poor women in rural communities meet their most basic needs.
马塔伊是在60年代美国民权运动期间在美国接受教育的。她说，这段经历激励她回到肯尼亚，为肯尼亚人民做一些积极的事情。70年代后期，马塔伊开始了“绿色地带运动”，帮助农村地区的贫困妇女满足最基本的需求。
Lawyers for the American Civil Liberties Union said they would file a lawsuit in Federal Court on Wednesday, asking that Florida election officials be required to accept absentee ballots for an additional 10 days beyond the election, so that all votes could be counted.
美国民权自由工会的律师说，他们将在星期三向联邦法庭提出控告，要求佛罗里达州的选举官员在选举日之后的10天内必须接受缺席选票，以便所有的选票都能够得到点算。
Colonel Adam says the talks focused on trying to find a political solution. But he says Sudanese rebel groups are becoming increasingly convinced that without a change in the leadership in Khartoum, civil wars will continue to plague the country.
亚当上校表示，会谈焦点是寻求政治解决方案。不过他说，苏丹反政府武装组织越来越认识到，不经过政权更迭，苏丹的内战就不会停止。
S.R.C.C. Strike Riots and Civil Commotions 罢工、暴动、内乱险
土木工程 Civil engineering
spsc-80121700
Civil liability services
民事责任服务
spsc-81101500
Civil engineering
土木工程
spsc-92101803
Civil case court expenses
民事诉讼法院费用
spsc-92111801
Civil defense
民防系统
spsc-94101808
Civil servants unions
公务员联盟
Y36
Operations of war
Note: Injuries due to operations of war occurring after cessation of hostilities are
classified to Y36.8.
Includes: injuries to military personnel and civilians caused by war and civil
insurrection
军事行动所致之伤害
注 ： 在战争行动停止後所发生之伤害归类於 Y36.8
包含 ： 战争或民间暴动所引起之军方人员或平民之
伤害
Z65.0
Conviction in civil and criminal proceedings without imprisonment
无刑期之民事及刑事定罪
油污民事责任书 civil liability for oil certificate
CLC Civil Liability Convention 国际由于损害民事责任公约
SRCC strike, riots,civil commotions 罢工、暴乱和内乱
国际民用航空组织 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
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