associate [ ə'səuʃieit] vi.交往 n.伙伴，同事
associate [ə'səuʃieit] v.相联，联想，关联
associated 关联的
大专文凭 associate degree
president 校长
vice-president 副校长
dean 院长
assistant dean 副院长
academic dean 教务长
department chairman 系主任
professor 教授
associate professor 副教授
guest professor 客座教授
lecturer 讲师
teaching assistant 助教
research fellow 研究员
research assistant 助理研究员
supervisor 论文导师
principal 中学校长（美）
headmaster 中学校长（英）
master 小学校长 （美）
dean of studies 教务长
dean of students 教导主任
dean of students 教导主任
teacher 教师
probation teacher 代课教师
tutor 家庭教师
governess 女家庭教师
A.A. /A.S. ----Associate in Arts/Associate in Science degree（准文学士／准理学士）：
由社区学院（Community College）或专科院校（Junior College）在学生修完两年普通课程后授给
的学位。
Community or Junior College（社区学院或专科院校）：开设两年制课程的高等院校，授给两
年制文、理科毕业生准文学士或准理学士学位（associate degree in the arts or sciences (A. A.
or A. S.)）或者技术学位（technical degree）。授给学士学位的四年制高等院校通常承认在
社区学院或专科院校获得的学分。学习两年制课程的学生一般准备将来从事职业性质的或技
术性质的工作。进入社区学院和专科院校通常要求拥有中学毕业文凭或具有同等学历。
副教授 associate professor
A.A. /A.S. ----Associate in Arts/Associate in Science degree（准文学士／准理学士）：由社区院（Community College）或专科院校（Junior College）在学生修完两年普通课程后授给的学位。
Community or Junior College（社区学院或专科院校）：开设两年制课程的高等院校，授给两年制文、理科毕业生准文学士或准理学士学位（associate degree in the arts or sciences (A. A. or A. S.)）或者技术学位（technical degree）。授给学士学位的四年制高等院校通常承认在社区学院或专科院校获得的学分。学习两年制课程的学生一般准备将来从事职业性质的或技术性质的工作。进入社区学院和专科院校通常要求拥有中学毕业文凭或具有同等学历。
associate professor 副教授
组合商标 Associated Mark
associate member
准会员
business associates
商业合作伙伴
The thief and his associates were caught by the police.
那个小偷和他的同伙被警察抓住了。
He is not a friend but an associate.
他是同事，而不是朋友。
They were closely associated with each other during the war.
战争期间他们间的关系很密切。
I'm Clifton, and I've been associated with this project since the beginning.
我叫克里夫敦，从一开始我就参与了这项计划。
@@@ 交往
associate with 联合; 结交; 把...联系在一起
at ware 处于交战状态
by turns 轮流; 交替地
consort with 陪伴; 结交
go out with 1.与异性(经常性地)交往
2.与...出去
have to do with 与...有关联; 和...打交道
in touch with 与...联系; 接触..., 交往
keep company with 与...交往; 和...亲热
keep to oneself 不与他人交往; 不向他人透露自己的意见和想法
make friends (with) 交朋友
伙伴 coterie; associator; bedfellow; buddy; coachfellow; cobber; comate; compeer; comrade; mat; associate
同伴 associate; semblable
伴 [bàn] /a partner/companion or associate/to accompany/comrade/
伴生气 [bàn shēng qì] /associated gas/
比 [bì] /associate with/be near/
副教授 [fù jiào shòu] /associate professor (university post)/
哈贝尔 [hā bèi ěr] /(Webster) Hubbell (former Associate Attorney-General)/
呼声 [hū shēng] /(n) voiced opinion or desire, usually associated with a group/
联想 [lián xiǎng] /associate/(abbr.) Lenovo (PRC computer company)/
美联社 [měi lián shè] /Associated Press (AP)/
所属 [suǒ shǔ] /(n) those that are under one's leadership/(n) that which one is associated to/
伍 [wǔ] /associate with/five/company/
The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy.
总的来说，时代华纳公司的15位董事是支持莱文和公司的经营策略的。
But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter.
但内部人士透露其中几位对此事表示担忧。
"Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited," says Luce.
“我们中的一些人多年来就知道宪法第一修正案所说的自由并非毫无限制，”鲁斯说，
"I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this."
“我想与公司有关系的一些人可能是最近才意识到这一点。”
{adj: Arabian} relating to or associated with Arabia or its people
"Arabian Nights"
"Arabian Sea"
{adj: Briton} characteristic of or associated with the Britons
"the Briton inhabitants of England"
{adj: academic} associated with academia or an academy
"the academic curriculum"
"academic gowns"
{adj: accidental, adventitious} associated by chance and not an integral part
"poetry is something to which words are the accidental, not by any means the essential form"- Frederick W. Robertson
"they had to decide whether his misconduct was adventitious or the result of a flaw in his character"
{adj: agonal} pertaining to or associated with agony (especially death agonies)
{adj: archiepiscopal, archepiscopal} of or associated with an archbishop
"an archiepiscopal see"
{adj: associable} capable of being associated
"words associable with politics"
{adj: associated, connected} related to or accompanying
"Christmas and associated festivities"
{adj: associated} joined in some kind of relationship (as a colleague or ally or companion etc.)
"a cabal of associated lawyers"
{adj: associate} having partial rights and privileges or subordinate status
"an associate member"
"an associate professor"
{adj: attached, committed} associated in an exclusive sexual relationship
<-> unattached
{adj: bivalent, double} used of homologous chromosomes associated in pairs in synapsis
<-> multivalent, univalent
{adj: boreal} relating to or marked by qualities associated with the north wind
{adj: bound up} closely or inseparably connected or associated with
"his career is bound up with the fortunes of the enterprise"
{adj: bronchial} relating to or associated with the bronchi
"bronchial tubes"
"bronchial pneumonia"
{adj: cerebellar} relating to or associated with the cerebellum
"cerebellar artery"
{adj: cervical} relating to or associated with the neck
{adj: chummy, buddy-buddy, thick} (used informally) associated on close terms
"a close friend"
"the bartender was chummy with the regular customers"
"the two were thick as thieves for months"
{adj: ciliary} relating to the ciliary body and associated structures of the eye
{adj: civilian} associated with or performed by civilians as contrasted with the military
"civilian clothing"
"civilian life"
<-> military
{adj: comatose} relating to or associated with a coma
"comatose breathing"
"comatose state"
{adj: common, plebeian, vulgar, unwashed} of or associated with the great masses of people
"the common people in those days suffered greatly"
"behavior that branded him as common"
"his square plebeian nose"
"a vulgar and objectionable person"
"the unwashed masses"
{adj: conjoined, conjoint} consisting of two or more associated entities
"the interplay of these conjoined yet opposed factors"
"social order and prosperity, the conjoint aims of government"- J.K.Fairbank
{adj: consumptive} afflicted with or associated with pulmonary tuberculosis
"a consumptive patient"
"a consumptive cough"
{adj: deflationary} associated with or tending to cause decreases in consumer prices or increases in the purchasing power of money
"deflationary measures"
<-> inflationary
{adj: dying} in or associated with the process of passing from life or ceasing to be
"a dying man"
"his dying wish"
"a dying fire"
"a dying civilization"
<-> nascent
{adj: dyslectic, dyslexic} having impaired ability to comprehend written words usually associated with a neurologic disorder
{adj: ecclesiastical, ecclesiastic} of or associated with a church (especially a Christian Church)
"ecclesiastic history"
{adj: epiphytotic} (of plants) epidemic among plants of a single kind especially over a wide area
"an epiphytotic blight of potatoes"
"epiphytotic conditions associated with a single-plant agriculture"
{adj: feminine} associated with women and not with men
"feminine intuition"
<-> masculine
{adj: floral} relating to or associated with flowers
"floral organs"
{adj: gyral} relating to or associated with or comprising a convolution of the brain
"the gyral sulcus"
{adj: holy} belonging to or derived from or associated with a divine power
<-> unholy
{adj: imperial} relating to or associated with an empire
"imperial colony"
"the imperial gallon was standardized legally throughout the British Empire"
{adj: inflationary} associated with or tending to cause increases in inflation
"inflationary prices"
<-> deflationary
{adj: intellectual, rational, noetic} of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind
"intellectual problems"
"the triumph of the rational over the animal side of man"
{adj: kinetic} relating to the motion of material bodies and the forces associated therewith
"kinetic energy"
{adj: lunar} of or relating to or associated with the moon
"lunar surface"
"lunar module"
{adj: masculine} associated with men and not with women
<-> feminine
{adj: maxillodental} of or relating to the upper jaw and its associated teeth
{adj: metonymic, metonymical} using the name of one thing for that of another with which it is closely associated
"to say `he spent the evening reading Shakespeare' is metonymic because it substitutes the author himself for the author's works"
{adj: military} associated with or performed by armed services as contrasted with civilians
"military police"
<-> civilian
{adj: military} characteristic of or associated with soldiers or the military
"military uniforms"
<-> unmilitary
{adj: necromantic, necromantical} relating to or associated with necromancy
"mysterious necromantic rites"
{adj: on-the-job} relating to or associated with a job or employment
"on-the-job training"
"on-the-job requirements"
{adj: one-to-one} used of relations such that each member of one set is associated with one member of a second set
{adj: parietal} of or relating to or associated with the parietal bones in the cranium
"parietal lobe"
{adj: priestly, hieratic, hieratical, sacerdotal} associated with the priesthood or priests
"priestly (or sacerdotal) vestments"
"hieratic gestures"
{adj: progestational} preceding and favoring gestation; of or relating to physiological changes associated with ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum
{adj: provincial} of or associated with a province
"provincial government"
{adj: psychedelic} having the vivid colors and bizarre patterns associated with psychedelic states
"a psychedelic painting"
{adj: rubicund, ruddy, florid, sanguine} inclined to a healthy reddish color often associated with outdoor life
"a ruddy complexion"
"Santa's rubicund cheeks"
"a fresh and sanguine complexion"
{adj: side by side} closely related or associated
"a city in which communism and democracy had to live side by side"
{adj: sorrowful} experiencing or marked by or expressing sorrow especially that associated with irreparable loss
"sorrowful widows"
"a sorrowful tale of death and despair"
"sorrowful news"
"even in laughter the heart is sorrowful"- Proverbs 14:13
<-> joyful
{adj: thermal, thermic, caloric} relating to or associated with heat
"thermal movements of molecules"
"thermal capacity"
"thermic energy"
"the caloric effect of sunlight"
<-> nonthermal
{adj: titular} of or associated with or bearing a title signifying nobility
"of titular rank"
{adj: titular} of or associated with or bearing a title signifying status or function
"titular dignitaries"
{adj: tympanic} associated with the eardrum
{adj: tyrannic, tyrannical} of or relating to or associated with or resembling a dictatorship
"tyrannical suppression of liberty"
{adj: unattached, uncommitted} not associated in an exclusive sexual relationship
<-> attached
{adj: uncorrupted} not debased
"though his associates were dishonest, he remained uncorrupted"
"uncorrupted values"
{adj: unmilitary, nonmilitary} not associated with soldiers or the military
"unmilitary circles of government"
"fatigue duty involves nonmilitary labor"
<-> military
{adj: uvular} of or relating to or associated with the uvula
"the uvular r"
{adj: vocalic} relating to or associated with or containing a vowel
"vocalic segments"
"the vocalic ablaut"
{adj: womanish} having characteristics associated with women and considered undesirable in men
"womanish tears"
{adj: zonal} associated with or divided into zones
"a zonal pattern of cell structure"
"zonal division"
<-> azonal
{adv: briefly} for a short time
"she visited him briefly"
"was briefly associated with IBM"
{adv: concurrently, at the same time} overlapping in duration
"concurrently with the conference an exhibition of things associated with Rutherford was held"
"going to school and holding a job at the same time"
{n: Anaximenes} a presocratic Greek philosopher and associate of Anaximander who believed that all things are made of air in different degrees of density (6th century BC)
{n: Associate in Applied Science, AAS} an associate degree in applied science
{n: Associate in Arts, AA} an associate degree in arts
{n: Associate in Nursing, AN} an associate degree in nursing
{n: Avalokitesvara, Avalokiteshvara} a male Bodhisattva; widely associated with various gods and people
{n: Bacteroidaceae, family Bacteroidaceae} family of bacteria living usually in the alimentary canal or on mucous surfaces of warm-blooded animals; sometimes associated with acute infective processes
{n: Beria, Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria} Soviet chief of secret police under Joseph Stalin; was executed by his associates in the power struggle following Stalin's death (1899-1953)
{n: Breuer, Marcel Lajos Breuer} United States architect (born in Hungary) who was associated with the Bauhaus in the 1920's (1902-1981)
{n: Brigit} Celtic goddess of fire and fertility and agriculture and household arts and wisdom; later associated with Saint Bridget
{n: Christmas factor, factor IX} coagulation factor whose absence is associated with hemophilia B
{n: C} a general-purpose programing language closely associated with the UNIX operating system
{n: Docetism} the heretical doctrine (associated with the Gnostics) that Jesus had no human body and his sufferings and death on the cross were apparent rather than real
{n: Epstein-Barr virus, EBV} the herpes virus that causes infectious mononucleosis; associated with specific cancers in Africa and China
{n: Fomor, Fomorian} one of a group of Celtic sea demons sometimes associated with the hostile power of nature
{n: Hale, George Ellery Hale} United States astronomer who discovered that sunspots are associated with strong magnetic fields (1868-1938)
{n: Hand-Schuller-Christian disease, Schuller-Christian disease} inflammatory histiocytosis associated with disturbance of cholesterol metabolism; occurs chiefly in young children and is characterized by cystic defects of the skull and diabetes insipidus
{n: Hecate} (Greek mythology) Greek goddess of fertility who later became associated with Persephone as goddess of the underworld and protector of witches
{n: Heliobacter pylori, H. pylori} the type species of genus Heliobacter; produces urease and is associated with several gastroduodenal diseases (including gastritis and gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers and other peptic ulcers)
{n: Hellenism} the principles and ideals associated with classical Greek civilization
{n: Hollywood} a district of Los Angeles long associated with the American film industry
{n: Luke, Saint Luke, St. Luke} (New Testament) the Apostle closely associated with St. Paul and traditionally assumed to be the author of the third Gospel
{n: Munchhausen, Karl Friedrich Hieronymus von Munchhausen, Munchausen, Baron Munchausen} German raconteur who told preposterous stories about his adventures as a soldier and hunter; his name is now associated with any telling of exaggerated stories or winning lies (1720-1797)
{n: Nephthys} Egyptian goddess associated with ritual of the dead; sister of Geb and Nut; wife of Set
{n: Nicholas, Saint Nicholas, St. Nicholas} a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century)
{n: Puerto Rico, Porto Rico, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, PR} a self-governing commonwealth associated with the United States occupying the island of Puerto Rico
{n: Rehnquist, William Rehnquist, William Hubbs Rehnquist} United States jurist who served as an associate justice on the United States Supreme Court from 1972 until 1986, when he was appointed chief justice (born in 1924)
{n: Sydenham's chorea, Saint Vitus dance, St. Vitus dance} chorea occurring chiefly in children and associated with rheumatic fever
{n: Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome} syndrome associated with bacterial meningitis; marked by sudden high fever and skin discoloration and petechiae with hemorrhage into the adrenal glands and cardiovascular collapse
{n: Wernicke's encephalopathy} inflammatory degenerative disease of the brain caused by thiamine deficiency that is usually associated with alcoholism
{n: Williams syndrome} a rare congenital disorder associated with deletion of genetic material in chromosome 7; characterized by mental deficiency and some growth deficiency and elfin faces but an overly social personality and a remarkable gift for vocabulary
{n: abbey} a church associated with a monastery or convent
{n: abdominal aortic aneurysm, AAA} an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta associated with old age and hypertension
{n: abstraction, abstract} a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance
"he loved her only in the abstract--not in person"
{n: achlorhydria} an abnormal deficiency or absence of free hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice; often associated with severe anemias and cancer of the stomach
{n: acoustic phenomenon} a physical phenomenon associated with the production or transmission of sound
{n: acute renal failure, acute kidney failure} renal failure associated with burns or other trauma or with acute infection or obstruction of the urinary tract
{n: aeromedicine, aerospace medicine, aviation medicine} the study and treatment of disorders associated with flight (especially with space flight)
{n: affiliate} a subordinate or subsidiary associate; a person who is affiliated with another or with an organization
{n: afterpains} pains felt by a woman after her baby is born; associated with contractions of the uterus
{n: ally, friend} an associate who provides assistance
"he's a good ally in fight"
"they were friends of the workers"
<-> foe
{n: anemone fish} live associated with sea anemones
{n: antihemophilic factor, antihaemophilic factor, antihemophilic globulin, antihaemophilic globulin, factor VIII, Hemofil} a coagulation factor (trade name Hemofil) whose absence is associated with hemophilia A
{n: assistant professor} a teacher or lower rank than an associate professor
{n: associability, associableness} the capability of being easily associated or joined or connected in thought
{n: associate degree, associate} a degree granted by a two-year college on successful completion of the undergraduates course of studies
{n: associate professor} a teacher lower in rank than a full professor but higher than an assistant professor
{n: associateship} the position of associate (as in an office or academy)
{n: associate} a person who joins with others in some activity
"he had to consult his associate before continuing"
{n: associate} any event that usually accompanies or is closely connected with another
"first was the lightning and then its thunderous associate"
{n: atmospheric phenomenon} a physical phenomenon associated with the atmosphere
{n: bedfellow} a temporary associate
"politics makes strange bedfellows"
{n: block and tackle} pulley blocks with associated rope or cable
{n: body} a group of persons associated by some common tie or occupation and regarded as an entity
"the whole body filed out of the auditorium"
{n: bronchospasm} a spasm of the bronchi that makes exhalation difficult and noisy; associated with asthma and bronchitis
{n: capillarity, capillary action} a phenomenon associated with surface tension and resulting in the elevation or depression of liquids in capillaries
{n: capital} a center that is associated more than any other with some activity or product
"the crime capital of Italy"
"the drug capital of Columbia"
{n: carcinoid} a small tumor (benign or malignant) arising from the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract; usually associated with excessive secretion of serotonin
{n: cardiograph, electrocardiograph} medical instrument that records electric currents associated with contractions of the heart
{n: carrier} (genetics) an organism that possesses a recessive gene whose effect is masked by a dominant allele; the associated trait is not apparent but can be passed on to offspring
{n: causalgia} a burning pain in a limb along the course of a peripheral nerve; usually associated with skin changes
{n: chloasma, melasma, mask of pregnancy} a tan discoloration of a woman's face that is associated with pregnancy or with the use of oral contraceptives
{n: chronic pyelonephritis} pyelonephritis that develops slowly and can lead to renal failure if untreated; often associated with a kidney stone or with narrowing of the urinary passageways
{n: churchyard, God's acre} the yard associated with a church
{n: clannishness, cliquishness, exclusiveness} tendency to associate with only a select group
{n: clomiphene, clomiphene citrate, Clomid} a fertility drug (trade name Clomid) that is used to stimulate ovulation and that has been associated with multiple births
{n: cold sweat} concurrent perspiration and chill; associated with fear
{n: collaborator, cooperator, partner, pardner} an associate who works with others toward a common goal
"the musician and the librettist were collaborators"
{n: colleague, co-worker, fellow worker, workfellow} an associate you work with
{n: comfort food} food that is simply prepared and gives a sense of wellbeing; typically food with a high sugar or carbohydrate content that is associated with childhood or with home cooking
{n: commonwealth} the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)
{n: companion, comrade, fellow, familiar, associate} a person who is frequently in the company of another
"drinking companions"
"comrades in arms"
{n: company, troupe} organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical)
"the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel"
{n: compound fracture, open fracture} bone fracture associated with lacerated soft tissue or an open wound
{n: computer system, computing system, automatic data processing system, ADP system, ADPS} a system of one or more computers and associated software with common storage
{n: coral root} a wildflower of the genus Corallorhiza growing from a hard mass of rhizomes associated with a fungus that aids in absorbing nutrients from the forest floor
{n: corps} a body of people associated together
"diplomatic corps"
{n: correlation table} a two-way tabulation of the relations between correlates; row headings are the scores on one variable and column headings are the scores on the second variables and a cell shows how many times the score on that row was associated with the score in that column
{n: couple, twosome, duo, duet} a pair who associate with one another
"the engaged couple"
"an inseparable twosome"
{n: crepitation rale} the crackling sound heard on auscultation when patients with respiratory diseases inhale; associated with tuberculosis and pneumonia and congestive heart failure
{n: cronyism} favoritism shown to friends and associates (as by appointing them to positions without regard for their qualifications)
{n: cumulonimbus, cumulonimbus cloud, thundercloud} a dark cloud of great vertical extent charged with electricity; associated with thunderstorms
{n: cytogeneticist} a geneticist who specializes in the cellular components associated with heredity
{n: daisy chain} (figurative) a series of associated things or people or experiences
{n: dead} a time when coldness (or some other quality associated with death) is intense
"the dead of winter"
{n: defense mechanism, defense reaction, defence mechanism, defence reaction, defense, defence} (psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires
{n: deoxyribonucleic acid, desoxyribonucleic acid, DNA} (biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information
"DNA is the king of molecules"
{n: diethylstilbesterol, DES, stilbesterol} synthetic nonsteroid with the properties of estrogen; formerly used to treat menstrual problems but was found to be associated with vaginal cancers in the daughters of women so treated during pregnancy
{n: direct antonym} antonyms that are commonly associated (e.g., `wet' and `dry')
{n: disguise, camouflage} an outward semblance that misrepresents the true nature of something
"the theatrical notion of disguise is always associated with catastrophe in his stories"
{n: divergent thinking, out-of-the-box thinking} thinking that moves away in diverging directions so as to involve a variety of aspects and which sometimes lead to novel ideas and solutions; associated with creativity
<-> convergent thinking
{n: double standard of sexual behavior} a code that permits greater sexual freedom for men than for women (associated with the subordination of women)
{n: dronabinol} psychoactive substance present in marijuana; used therapeutically to control nausea associated with cancer therapy
{n: echovirus} any of a group of viruses associated with various diseases including viral meningitis and mild respiratory disorders and diarrhea in newborn infants
{n: effeminacy, effeminateness, sissiness, softness, womanishness, unmanliness} the trait of being effeminate (derogatory of a man)
"the students associated science with masculinity and arts with effeminacy"
"he was shocked by the softness of the atmosphere surrounding the young prince, arising from the superfluity of the femininity that guided him"
{n: electricity} a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons
{n: electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic wave, nonparticulate radiation} radiation consisting of waves of energy associated with electric and magnetic fields resulting from the acceleration of an electric charge
{n: electromyogram, EMG} a graphical record of electric currents associated with muscle contractions
{n: electromyograph} a medical instrument that records the electrical waves associated with the activity of skeletal muscles
{n: electrostatic field} electric field associated with static electric charges
{n: emphysema, pulmonary emphysema} an abnormal condition of the lungs marked by decreased respiratory function; associated with smoking or chronic bronchitis or old age
{n: flaccid bladder} a urinary bladder disorder resulting from interruption of the reflex arc normally associated with voiding urine; absence of bladder sensation and over-filling of the bladder and inability to urinate voluntarily
{n: flatmate} an associate who shares an apartment with you
{n: fraternization, fraternisation} associating with others in a brotherly or friendly way; especially with an enemy
{n: frown line} a facial wrinkle associated with frowning
{n: function, mathematical function} a mathematical relation such that each element of one set is associated with at least one element of another set
{n: gibberellic acid} a crystalline acid associated with gibberellin
{n: glossolalia} repetitive nonmeaningful speech (especially that associated with a trance state or religious fervor)
{n: gold digger} a woman who associates with or marries a rich man in order to get valuables from him through gifts or a divorce settlement
{n: guilt by association} the attribution of guilt (without proof) to individuals because the people they associate with are guilty
{n: hair follicle} a small tubular cavity containing the root of a hair; small muscles and sebaceous glands are associated with them
{n: high-density lipoprotein, HDL, alpha-lipoprotein} a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the blood; composed of a high proportion of protein and relatively little cholesterol; high levels are thought to be associated with decreased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis
{n: hip-hop} an urban youth culture associated with rap music and the fashions of African-American residents of the inner city
{n: histamine headache, cluster headache} a painful recurring headache associated with the release of histamine from cells
{n: honey mushroom, honey fungus, Armillariella mellea} a honey-colored edible mushroom commonly associated with the roots of trees in late summer and fall; do not eat raw
{n: hot flash, flush} sudden brief sensation of heat (associated with menopause and some mental disorders)
{n: human papilloma virus} any of a group of papovaviruses associated with genital or oral carcinomas or a group associated with benign genital tumors
{n: hydatid mole, hydatidiform mole, molar pregnancy} an abnormality during pregnancy; chorionic villi around the fetus degenerate and form clusters of fluid-filled sacs; usually associated with the death of the fetus
{n: hypercholesterolemia, hypercholesteremia} the presence of an abnormal amount of cholesterol in the cells and plasma of the blood; associated with the risk of atherosclerosis
{n: hyperglycemia, hyperglycaemia} abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
<-> hypoglycemia
{n: hyperkalemia} higher than normal levels of potassium in the circulating blood; associated with kidney failure or sometimes with the use of diuretic drugs
<-> hypokalemia
{n: hypersplenism} enlarged spleen and a decrease in one or more types of blood cells; associated with many disorders
{n: hypocalcemia, hypocalcaemia} abnormally low level of calcium in the blood; associated with hypoparathyroidism or kidney malfunction or vitamin D deficiency
<-> hypercalcemia
{n: hypokalemia} abnormally low level of potassium in the circulating blood leading to weakness and heart abnormalities; associated with adrenal tumors or starvation or taking diuretics
<-> hyperkalemia
{n: hyponatremia} abnormally low level of sodium in the blood; associated with dehydration
<-> hypernatremia
{n: iconography} the images and symbolic representations that are traditionally associated with a person or a subject
"religious iconography"
"the propagandistic iconography of a despot"
{n: indie} an independent film company not associated with an established studio
{n: interface, port} (computer science) computer circuit consisting of the hardware and associated circuitry that links one device with another (especially a computer and a hard disk drive or other peripherals)
{n: involutional depression} a major depressive episode associated with the climacteric
{n: irritable bowel syndrome, spastic colon, mucous colitis} recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea (often alternating with periods of constipation); often associated with emotional stress
{n: isolation} (psychiatry) a defense mechanism in which memory of an unacceptable act or impulse is separated from the emotion originally associated with it
{n: jamais vu} the experience of being unfamiliar with a person or situation that is actually very familiar; associated with certain types of epilepsy
{n: job description} description of the responsibilities associated with a given job
{n: juju} the power associated with a juju
{n: junior college} a college that offers only the first two years terminating in an associate degree
{n: keratosis blennorrhagica, keratoderma blennorrhagica} skin disease characterized by a scaly rash on the palms and soles; associated with Reiter's syndrome
{n: ketamine, ketamine hydrochloride, Ketalar} a general anesthetic and tranquilizer (not a barbiturate) that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly; used mainly by veterinarians or for minor surgery with geriatric or pediatric patients; taken in large doses it causes hallucinations similar to those associated with the use of PCP
{n: labor pain} pain and discomfort associated with contractions of the uterus during labor
{n: language area, language zone} a large cortical area (in the left hemisphere in most people) containing all the centers associated with language
{n: lead colic, painter's colic} symptom of chronic lead poisoning and associated with obstinate constipation
{n: lie detector} a polygraph that records bodily changes sometimes associated with lying
{n: low-density lipoprotein, LDL, beta-lipoprotein} a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the blood; composed of moderate amount of protein and a large amount of cholesterol; high levels are thought to be associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis
{n: luminous energy} the energy associated with visible light
{n: lymphadenopathy} chronic abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes (usually associated with disease)
{n: mafia, maffia} any tightly knit group of trusted associates
{n: magnetism, magnetic attraction, magnetic force} attraction for iron; associated with electric currents as well as magnets; characterized by fields of force
{n: malabsorption syndrome} a pattern of symptoms including loss of appetite and bloating and weight loss and muscle pain and steatorrhea; associated with celiac disease and sprue and cystic fibrosis
{n: mechanical phenomenon} a physical phenomenon associated with the equilibrium or motion of objects
{n: megaloblastic anemia, megaloblastic anaemia} anemia characterized by many large immature and dysfunctional red blood cells (megaloblasts) in the bone marrow; associated with pernicious anemia
{n: megalocyte, macrocyte} abnormally large red blood cell (associated with pernicious anemia)
{n: mesothelioma} a rare form of carcinoma of the mesothelium lining lungs or abdomen or heart; usually associated with exposure to asbestos dust
{n: messmate} (nautical) an associate with whom you share meals in the same mess (as on a ship)
{n: microcytosis} a blood disorder characterized by the presence of microcytes (abnormally small red blood cells) in the blood; often associated with anemia
{n: mitigating circumstance} (law) a circumstance that does not exonerate a person but which reduces the penalty associated with the offense
{n: multiple star} a system of three or more stars associated by gravity
{n: musculoskeletal system} the system of muscles and tendons and ligaments and bones and joints and associated tissues that move the body and maintain its form
{n: musth} an annual phase of heightened sexual excitement in the males of certain large mammals (especially elephants); is associated with discharge from a gland between the eye and ear
"the frenzied elephant was in musth"
{n: mythology} myths collectively; the body of stories associated with a culture or institution or person
{n: necrobiosis lipoidica, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum} skin disease marked by thin shiny patches (especially on the legs); often associated with diabetes mellitus
{n: negative correlation, indirect correlation} a correlation in which large values of one variable are associated with small values of the other; the correlation coefficient is between 0 and -1
{n: nephrosclerosis, nephroangiosclerosis} kidney disease that is usually associated with hypertension; sclerosis of the renal arterioles reduces blood flow that can lead to kidney failure and heart failure
{n: nephrotic syndrome, nephrosis} a syndrome characterized by edema and large amounts of protein in the urine and usually increased blood cholesterol; usually associated with glomerulonephritis or with a complication of various systemic diseases
{n: neuroepithelium} epithelium associated with special sense organs and containing sensory nerve endings
{n: night bird} any bird associated with night: owl; nightingale; nighthawk; etc
{n: notion, whim, whimsy, whimsey} an odd or fanciful or capricious idea
"the theatrical notion of disguise is associated with disaster in his stories"
"he had a whimsy about flying to the moon"
"whimsy can be humorous to someone with time to enjoy it"
{n: nucleolus organizer, nucleolus organiser, nucleolar organizer, nucleolar organiser} the particular part of a chromosome that is associated with a nucleolus after nuclear division
{n: object-oriented programming language, object-oriented programing language} (computer science) a programming language that enables the programmer to associate a set of procedures with each type of data structure
"C++ is an object-oriented programming language that is an extension of C"
{n: orthopnea} form of dyspnea in which the person can breathe comfortably only when standing or sitting erect; associated with asthma and emphysema and angina pectoris
{n: pancytopenia} an abnormal deficiency in all blood cells (red blood cells and white blood cells and platelets); usually associated with bone marrow tumor or with aplastic anemia
{n: papillary muscle} any of several muscles associated with the atrioventricular valves
"the papillary muscles contract during systole to prevent regurgitation of blood into the atria"
{n: papilledema} swelling of the optic disc (where the optic nerve enters the eyeball); usually associated with an increase in intraocular pressure
{n: papovavirus} any of a group of animal viruses associated with or causing papillomas or polyomas
{n: paresthesia, paraesthesia} abnormal skin sensations (as tingling or tickling or itching or burning) usually associated with peripheral nerve damage
{n: party, company} a band of people associated temporarily in some activity
"they organized a party to search for food"
"the company of cooks walked into the kitchen"
{n: parvovirus, parvo} any of a group of viruses containing DNA in an icosahedral protein shell and causing disease in dogs and cattle; not known to be associated with any human disease
{n: periodic apnea of the newborn} irregular breathing of newborns; periods of rapid breathing followed by apnea; believed to be associated with sudden infant death syndrome
{n: phlebothrombosis, venous thrombosis} thrombosis of a vein without prior inflammation of the vein; associated with sluggish blood flow (as in prolonged bedrest or pregnancy or surgery) or with rapid coagulation of the blood
{n: phonics} teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters with their sound values
{n: photalgia, photophobia} pain in the eye resulting from exposure to bright light (often associated with albinism)
{n: pigeon toes} disability in which the toes are turned inward; often associated with knock-knee
{n: polyunsaturated fat} a class of fats having long carbon chains with many double bonds unsaturated with hydrogen atoms; used in some margarines; supposedly associated with low blood cholesterol
{n: polyuria} renal disorder characterized by the production of large volumes of pale dilute urine; often associated with diabetes
{n: portal hypertension} increase in blood pressure in the veins of the portal system caused by obstruction in the liver (often associated with alcoholic cirrhosis), causing enlargement of the spleen and collateral veins
{n: positive correlation, direct correlation} a correlation in which large values of one variable are associated with large values of the other and small with small; the correlation coefficient is between 0 and +1
{n: posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD} an anxiety disorder associated with serious traumatic events and characterized by such symptoms as survivor guilt, reliving the trauma in dreams, numbness and lack of involvement with reality, or recurrent thoughts and images
{n: predestination, foreordination, preordination, predetermination} (theology) being determined in advance; especially the doctrine (usually associated with Calvin) that God has foreordained every event throughout eternity (including the final salvation of mankind)
{n: proctitis} inflammation of the rectum; marked by bloody stools and a frequent urge to defecate; frequently associated with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
{n: progressive rock, art rock} a style of rock music that emerged in the 1970s; associated with attempts to combine rock with jazz and other forms; intended for listening and not dancing
{n: prostate specific antigen, PSA} a protein manufactured exclusively by the prostate gland; PSA is produced for the ejaculate where it liquifies the semen and allows sperm cells to swim freely; elevated levels of PSA in blood serum are associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer
{n: protectorate, associated state} a state or territory partly controlled by (but not a possession of) a stronger state but autonomous in internal affairs; protectorates are established by treaty
{n: psammoma, sand tumor} a tumor derived from fibrous tissue of the meninges or choroid plexus or certain other structures associated with the brain; characterized by sandlike particles
{n: psoriatic arthritis} a form of rheumatoid arthritis usually affecting fingers and toes and associated with psoriasis
{n: punks} a youth subculture closely associated with punk rock music in the late 1970s; in part a reaction to the hippy subculture; dress was optional but intended to shock (plastic garbage bags or old school uniforms) and hair was dyed in bright colors (in Mohican haircuts or sometimes spiked in bright plumes)
{n: reciprocal cross, reciprocal} hybridization involving a pair of crosses that reverse the sexes associated with each genotype
{n: refractory anemia, refractory anaemia} any of various anemic conditions that are not successfully treated by any means other than blood transfusions (and that are not associated with another primary disease)
{n: renal colic} sharp pain in the lower back that radiates into the groin; associated with the passage of a renal calculus through the ureter
{n: res gestae} rule of evidence that covers words that are so closely associated with an occurrence that the words are considered part of the occurrence and as such their report does not violate the hearsay rule
{n: research staff} a group of associated research workers in a university or library or laboratory
{n: respiratory alkalosis} alkalosis resulting from increased gas exchange in the lungs (as in hyperventilation associated with extreme anxiety or aspirin intoxication or metabolic acidosis)
{n: reunion} a party of former associates who have come together again
{n: rhinitis, coryza} an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the nose (usually associated with nasal discharge)
{n: rhinophyma, hypertrophic rosacea, toper's nose, brandy nose, rum nose, rum-blossom, potato nose, hammer nose, copper nose} enlargement of the nose with dilation of follicles and redness and prominent vascularity of the skin; often associated with excessive consumption of alcohol
{n: ribonucleic acid, RNA} (biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell
"ribonucleic acid is the genetic material of some viruses"
{n: rickets, rachitis} childhood disease caused by deficiency of vitamin D and sunlight associated with impaired metabolism of calcium and phosphorus
{n: roommate, roomie, roomy} an associate who shares a room with you
{n: roughness} harsh or severe speech or behavior
"men associate the roughness of nonstandard working-class speech with masculinity"
"the roughness of her voice was a signal to keep quiet"
{n: rubella panencephalitis} a rare loss of mental and physical skills in adolescents; associated with the rubella virus
{n: ruthenium, Ru, atomic number 44} a rare polyvalent metallic element of the platinum group; it is found associated with platinum
{n: schoolyard} the yard associated with a school
{n: seborrheic dermatitis, seborrheic eczema} a chronic skin disease associated with seborrhea and greasy scales on the scalp or eyelids or other parts of the skin
{n: sex characteristic, sexual characteristic, sex character} those characteristics (both anatomical and psychological) that are strongly associated with one sex relative to the other
{n: sexual activity, sexual practice, sex, sex activity} activities associated with sexual intercourse
"they had sex in the back seat"
{n: shipmate} an associate on the same ship with you
{n: simple phobia} any phobia (other than agoraphobia) associated with relatively simple well-defined stimuli
{n: sociability, sociableness} the relative tendency or disposition to be sociable or associate with one's fellows
<-> unsociability
{n: social phobia} any phobia (other than agoraphobia) associated with situations in which you are subject to criticism by others (as fear of eating in public or public speaking etc)
{n: sociality} the tendency to associate with others and to form social groups
"mammals as a class are not strong on sociality"
{n: software, software program, computer software, software system, software package, package} (computer science) written programs or procedures or rules and associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system and that are stored in read/write memory
"the market for software is expected to expand"
<-> hardware
{n: solar flare, flare} a sudden eruption of intense high-energy radiation from the sun's surface; associated with sunspots and radio interference
{n: somesthesia, somesthesis, somaesthesia, somaesthesis, somatesthesia, somataesthesis, somatosensory system, somatic sensory system, somatic sense} the faculty of bodily perception; sensory systems associated with the body; includes skin senses and proprioception and the internal organs
{n: sorrow, regret, rue, ruefulness} sadness associated with some wrong done or some disappointment
"he drank to drown his sorrows"
"he wrote a note expressing his regret"
"to his rue, the error cost him the game"
{n: sorrow} an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement
"he tried to express his sorrow at her loss"
<-> joy
{n: steppe} extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)
{n: substantia nigra, nucleus niger, locus niger} a layer of deeply pigmented grey matter in the midbrain; associated with the striate body; is involved in metabolic disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease and with Huntington's disease
{n: subthalamic nucleus} an oval mass of grey matter located in the caudal part of the subthalamus; associated with the striate body
{n: sun god} a god that personifies the sun or is otherwise associated with the sun
{n: sunspot, macula} a cooler darker spot appearing periodically on the sun's photosphere; associated with a strong magnetic field
{n: symptom} (medicine) any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease
{n: target cell} an abnormal red blood cell with the appearance of a dark ring surrounding a dark center; associated with anemia
{n: tenesmus} painful spasm of the anal sphincter along with an urgent desire to defecate without the significant production of feces; associated with irritable bowel syndrome
{n: term insurance} low-cost insurance that is valid only for a stated period of time and has no cash surrender value or loan value
"term insurance is most often associated with life insurance policies"
{n: tetany, tetanilla, intermittent tetanus, intermittent cramp, apyretic tetanus} clinical neurological syndrome characterized by muscular twitching and cramps and (when severe) seizures; associated with calcium deficiency (hypoparathyroidism) or vitamin D deficiency or alkalosis
{n: thrombocytopenic purpura, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, purpura hemorrhagica, Werlhof's disease} purpura associated with a reduction in circulating blood platelets which can result from a variety of factors
{n: thrombocytosis} increase in the number of platelets in the blood which tends to cause clots to form; associated with many neoplasms and chronic infections and other diseases
{n: toxic shock, toxic shock syndrome, TSS} syndrome resulting from a serious acute (sometimes fatal) infection associated with the presence of staphylococcus; characterized by fever and diarrhea and nausea and diffuse erythema and shock; occurs especially in menstruating women using highly absorbent tampons
{n: track and field} participating in athletic sports performed on a running track or on the field associated with it
{n: transcriptase} a polymerase associated with the process of transcription
{n: urinary hesitancy} difficulty in beginning the flow of urine; associated with prostate enlargement in men and with narrowing of the urethral opening in women; may be caused by emotional stress in either men or women
{n: vaginitis} inflammation of the vagina (usually associated with candidiasis)
{n: varicocele} dilatation of the veins associated with the spermatic cord in the testes
{n: videotape} a relatively wide magnetic tape for use in recording visual images and associated sound
{n: volcanism} the phenomena associated with volcanic activity
{n: whole-word method} teaching reading by training beginners to associate printed words with spoken words
{n: wolframite, iron manganese tungsten} a mineral consisting of iron and manganese tungstate in crystalline form; the principal ore of tungsten; found in quartz veins associated with granitic rocks
{n: xanthomatosis, xanthoma multiplex, cholesterosis cutis, lipid granulomatosis, lipoid granulomatosis} widespread xanthomas (especially on elbows and knees); often associated with a disorder of lipid metabolism
{n: yard} a tract of land enclosed for particular activities (sometimes paved and usually associated with buildings)
"they opened a repair yard on the edge of town"
{v: ally} become an ally or associate, as by a treaty or marriage
"He allied himself with the Communists"
{v: associate, tie in, relate, link, colligate, link up, connect} make a logical or causal connection
"I cannot connect these two pieces of evidence in my mind"
"colligate these facts"
"I cannot relate these events at all"
<-> dissociate
{v: attach to, accompany, come with, go with} be associated with
"French fries come with the hamburger"
{v: carry} be necessarily associated with or result in or involve
"This crime carries a penalty of five years in prison"
{v: consociate, associate} bring or come into association or action
"The churches consociated to fight their dissolution"
{v: consort, associate, affiliate, assort} keep company with ; hang out with
"He associates with strange people"
"She affiliates with her colleagues"
{v: decouple, dissociate} regard as unconnected
"you must dissociate these two events!"
"decouple our foreign policy from ideology"
<-> associate
{v: dismiss, send packing, send away, drop} stop associating with
"They dropped her after she had a child out of wedlock"
{v: free-associate} associate freely
"Let's associate freely to bring up old memories"
{v: identify} conceive of as united or associated
"Sex activity is closely identified with the hypothalamus"
The " people's car "( " Volkswagen " in German) was the idea of can manufacturer Ferdinand Porsche, whose name was also associated with the superior can marque Porsche.
"大众的汽车 "（德语 volkswagen就是这个意思）是汽车制造商费迪南德·波尔舍的创意，他的名字还让人联想起波尔舍这个高档车品牌。
Associate Professor Georgia Guldan, a nutrition science specialist at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, says this is due, in part, to the high salt content of Chinese diets, but may also be related to low calcium intake.
香港中文大学的营养学专家乔治亚·古尔丹副教授说，其原因部分应归咎于中国人饮食中高含量的盐份，但可能也和钙的低摄入量有关。
" The folks who are getting left out, " says Margaret Honey, associate director of the Center for Children and Technology/Education Development Center, " are going to be poor urban districts or rural districts with limited resources or blue-collar districts with very tight budgets. "
儿童中心及技术教育发展中心的副主任玛格丽特·霍尼说： "那些被忽视的人将会成为城市贫民区、农村的自然资源贫瘠区以及资金紧缺的蓝领区的居民。 "
The drop in apolipoprotein II in the long walkers was matched by a rise in the blood level of apolipoprotein I, a " good " fat that is associated with unclogged arteries.
长距离步行者载脂蛋白 II 的下降部分与血液中载脂蛋白 I 的上升部分相当，载脂蛋白 I 是一种与动脉疏通有关的 "有益 "的脂肪。
For many years it was common in the United States to associate Chinese Americans with restaurants and laundries.
在美国，很多年以来，人们通常都把美籍华人与饭馆和洗衣店联系在一起。
Outfits like Network Associates-McAfee and Symantec sell strong virus medicine, keeping their cures up-to-date by posting revisions at their Web sites which you should check often.
诸如网络同仁公司下属的 McAfee公司和如 Symantec公司等都出售威力巨大的杀毒工具，而且通过在其网站上（你应该经常访问这些网站）发布修订版而使其杀毒工具不断更新。
Nevertheless, everyone associated with Zhang's idiosyncratic production is acting as if Turandot is coming home.
然而，参与张导独特制作的同仁无不流露《图兰多》似乎是回娘家了。
A story by USATODAY.com technology affairs reporter Will Rodger disclosed that DoubleClick, the world's biggest Internet advertising company, has started associating Web users ' real-life identities with their online activities, something that used to be anonymous.
今日美国网站的技术事务新闻记者威尔·罗杰的一篇报道披露了世界上最大的网络广告公司－双击公司－已开始将网络用户现实生活中的身份与他们的在线活动联系起来了－这在过去是保密的。
Faxes can be forwarded to any location for printing, without the cellular charges associated with cellphone-based fax services.
传真可被传送到任何地点打印，同时无须支付与基于手机的传真服务有关的手机费用。
" It costs us 150% of an annual salary to replace an employee in terms of retraining a new person plus the turbulence it causes in a unit and the impact on our clients, " says Denny Marcel, associate director of the burnout-prevention unit at Ernst&; Young.
安杨会计师事务所减轻员工工作压力的专门小组副主管丹尼·马塞说：为了更换一名员工，我们需要支付大约 150%的年薪，用来培训新员工，弥补因此引起的单位内部的不稳定和对客户的影响。
By simulating actual motion, the device diminishes the nausea sometimes associated with VR while creating an enhanced sense of realism for VR system users.
通过模拟真实动感，这一装置能够减少有时虚拟现实相关的恶心感，同时为虚拟现实系统使用者改进现实感。
And some big consultants have been associated with a few highly publicized IT embarrassments.
一些大咨询公司在信息技术方面先后几次陷入尴尬境地，成为媒暴炒的对象。
According to Southern Medical Journal, anecdotal evidence suggests that antiseizure drugs provide the best relief for neuropathic pain, associated with nerve problems.
《南方医学杂志》载文称，据说这种防止疼痛症发作的药物对于由神经系统紊乱引起的神经性疼痛疗效最为显著。
Fruits and veggies seem to help prevent the formation of dangerous blood clots associated with strokes.
水果与蔬菜似乎可以防止与中风密切相关的危险性血液凝块的形成。
Scientists speculate that megadoses of antioxidants such as vitamins E and C may reduce the cell damage associated with severe memory loss.
科学家们猜测，大剂量服用诸如维生素 E 和维生素 C 之类的抗氧化剂可以减缓导致严重失忆的细胞损坏。
" The most solid piece of advice is to stay active, " says Patricia Tun, associate director of the memory and cognition lab at Brandeis University.
最实在的建议便是保持活跃，布兰代斯大学记忆与认知实验室的副主任帕特里夏·滕说。
" Survival of the fittest applies to cancer cells, " says Richard Schilsky, associate dean for clinical research at the University of Chicago.
芝加哥大学临床研究副院长理查德·希勒斯基说：适者生存的理论也适合於癌细胞。
This is a sharp contrast to the immobile imagery associated with ancient religious art.
这与古代宗教艺术中常见的呆立不动的图像形成鲜明对照。
Also, I don't have enough friends or business associates to necessitate an e-address book.
而且，我不需要电子邮件地址簿，因为我没有很多朋友或很多业务伙伴需要联络。
Of these forms the most characteristic in Nahuatl is the juxtaposition of two words that, because they are synonyms, associated terms, or even contraries, complement each other to evoke one single idea.
在这些表达方式中，纳瓦特尔语中最独特的是将两个词语的并置（juxtaposition），由于这两个词语是同义词、关联词、或甚至是反义词，所以彼此补足，唤起一个单独的概念。
Only when a system possesses natural or artificial boundaries that associate the water within it with the hydrologic cycle may the entire system properly be termed hydrogeologic.
只有当某一地质系统拥有自然的或人工的界限，将该系统内的水与水文循环起来，这整个系统方能被恰当地称为与水文地质学相关。
As other explanations proved equally untenable, biologists concluded that there is no important adaptive difference between left-eyedness and right-eyedness, and that the two characteristics are genetically associated with some other adaptively significant characteristic.
由于其它解释均证明同样站不住脚，生物学家故而得出结论，即在双眼左侧摆位与右侧摆位之间，不存在任何重大的适应性差异，凡此两种特征在基因遗传方面与某种其它在适应性方面有重要意义的特征相关。
It exists as a tradition, a set of conventions, a body of written scores, separate from the individual players associated with it.
它作为一种传统、一整套程式、一个由书面总谱构成的整体而存在，独立于与之紧密相联的单个演奏者。
For example, some of the large sedentary organisms associated with vents are also found at ordinary deep-sea temperatures many meters from the nearest hydrothermal sources.
例如，与热液口相关的某些庞大静栖生物体在深涨常温条件下也在离最近的热液源好几米处被发现。
Mr. Karzai, who is on a two-day visit to Rome, arrived from London. His trip in Europe is focused on Afghanistan's economic development. But soon after arriving in Rome, he condemned Thursday's attacks in the British capital as "ferocious." He cautioned however that the tendency to associate terrorism with Islam is wrong.
It's a Who's Who of who earned the most, and how much they are worth that is almost too much to fathom. Forbes Associate Editor Luisa Kroll says she was surprised by the number of new, young, self-made billionaires on the list.
这是一份谁赚的钱最多的名人录，而他们的财产多的令人难以相信。《福布斯》杂志编辑克罗尔说，她很惊讶在名单上有这么多个年轻的，白手起家的亿万富翁。
In a series of Tuesday-morning television interviews, Secretary Powell said the United States is urging friends in the region to talk to Iraqi Sunni leaders, and encourage them to get their followers to come out and vote, even if there is danger associated with it because of the insurgency.
星期二早上，在一连串的电视采访中，鲍威尔国务卿敦促该地区的盟友鼓励伊拉克逊尼派领导人号召他们的信徒参加投票，尽管他们面临叛乱的危险。
Heavy winds associated with the storm brought down trees and power lines as the storm moved in from the Atlantic Ocean and across the state. Cragin Mosteller a spokesperson for Florida's Department of Emergency Operations says Frances left so much debris in its path, that Floridians should exercise caution before leaving their shelters.
风速十分猛烈的这次风暴从大西洋进入并横扫佛罗里达州，刮倒许多树木和输电线路。佛罗里达州紧急救援部门发言人莫斯泰勒说，“弗朗西斯”所经之处，一片狼籍。佛罗里达民众在离开临时蔽护所前应该保持谨慎。
HS84014010
Parts of on-irradiated associated assembly of nuclear reactors
未辐照相关组件
主营业务税金及附加 Tax and associate charge
-
营业税 Sales tax
消费税 Consumption tax
城市维护建设税 Tax for maintaining and building cities
资源税 Resources tax
土地增值税 Increment tax on land value
其他业务支出 Other business expense
-
销售其他材料成本 Other cost of material sale
其他劳务成本 Other cost of service
其他业务税金及附加费 Other tax and associate charge
TUBERCULOSIS (A15-A19)
Includes: infections due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis
Excludes: congenital tuberculosis (P37.0)
pneumoconiosis associated with tuberculosis (J65)
sequelae of tuberculosis (B90.-)
silicotuberculosis (J65)
结核病 （ A15-A19 ）
包含 ： 结核分枝菌和牛型结核菌所致的感染
不包含 ： 先天性结核病 ( P37.0 )
合并有结核病之尘肺症 ( J65 )
结核病的後遗症 ( B90.- )
矽末沈着结核病 ( J65 )
A50.4
Late congenital neurosyphilis [juvenile neurosyphilis]
Dementia paralytica juvenilis
Juvenile:
．general paresis
．tabes dorsalis
．taboparetic neurosyphilis
Late congenital syphilitic:
．encephalitis+ (G05.0*)
．meningitis+ (G01*)
．polyneuropathy+ (G63.0*)
Use additional code, if desired, to identify any associated mental disorder.
Excludes: Hutchinson's triad (A50.5)
晚期先天性神经梅毒〔青年型神经梅毒〕
青年型麻痹性痴呆
青年型 ：
． 一般性轻痈
． 脊髓痨
． 脊髓轻痈神经梅毒
晚期先天性梅毒的 ：
． 脑炎 + ( G05.0* )
． 脑膜炎 + ( G01* )
． 多发性神经病变 + ( G63.0* )
如有需要使用附码以便确定伴随的精神异常。
不包含 ： 赫金森氏叁徵 ( A50.5 )
A80.0
Acute paralytic poliomyelitis, vaccine-associated
与疫苗有关的急性麻痹性脊髓灰白质炎
2.
Functional activity
All neoplasms are classified in this chapter, whether they are functionally active or not.
An additional code from Chapter Ⅳ may be used, if desired, to identify functional
activity associated with any neoplasm. For example, catecholamine-producing malignant
phaeochromocytoma of adrenal gland should be coded to C74 with additional code E27.5;
basophil basophil adenoma of pituitary gland with Cushing's syndrome should be coded to
D35.2 with additional code E24.0.
功能上的活动
不管功能上活动与否 ， 所有肿瘤皆归类於此章 ， 若
需确定含某功能之肿瘤 ， 可利用第四章之另外附码
， 如肾上腺的亲铬细胞瘤所分泌的儿茶酚胺 ， 应登
录为 C74 及附码 E27.5 ， 脑下腺嗜硷性腺瘤并库兴氏症候
群 ， 应登录为 D35.2 及附码 E24.0 。
D53.8
Other specified nutritional anaemias
Anaemia associated with deficiency of:
. copper
. molybdenum
. zinc
Excludes: nutritional deficiencies without mention of anaemia,
such as:
. copper deficiency (E61.0)
. molybdenum deficiency (E61.5)
. zinc deficiency (E60)
其他明示的营养性贫血
缺乏某物质有关的贫血 ：
． 铜
． 钼
． 锌
不包含 ： 营养缺乏 ， 而未合并贫血者 ， 例如 ：
． 铜缺乏 (E61.0)
． 钼缺乏 (E61.5)
． 锌缺乏 (E60)
Chapter IV 第四章
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90)
内分泌、营养及新陈代谢疾病 (E00-E90)
Note: All neoplasms, whether functionally active or not, are
classified in Chapter Ⅱ. Appropriate codes in this chapter (i.e. E05.8, E07.0, E16-E31,
E34.-) may be used, if desired, as additional codes to indicate either functional activity
by neoplasms and ectopic endocrine tissue or hyperfunction and hypofunction of endocrine
glands associated with neoplasms and other conditions classified elsewhere.
注 ： 不管有无 （ 内分泌 ） 功能 ， 所有肿瘤皆归类於
第二章 ， 本章有适当的释码可以使用 （如E05.8,E07.0,E16-E31,E34.-)
如有需要 ， 可使用附码确认是由肿瘤及异位内分泌
腺所引起的功能活动或是与肿瘤及他处归类的病况
有关的内分泌腺的功能亢进或功能低下。
Excludes: complications of pregnancy, childbirth and the
puerperium (O00-O09)
symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified
(R00-R99)
transitory endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to fetus and newborn (P70-P74)
不包含 ： 怀孕、生产及产褥期的并发症 （O00-O99）
症状、候与他处未归类之临床及实验室异常所见
(R00-R99)
胎儿及新生儿特有的短暂性内分泌及新陈代谢疾患
（P70-P74)
E00
Congenital iodine-deficiency syndrome
Includes: endemic conditions associated with environmental
iodine deficiency either directly or as a consequence of maternal iodine deficiency. Some
of the conditions have no current hypothyroidism but are the consequence of inadequate
thyroid hormone secretion in the developing fetus. Environmental goitrogens may be
associated.
Use additional code (F70-F79), if desired, to identify associated mental retardation.
Excludes: subclinical iodine-deficiency hypothyroidism (E02)
先天性碘缺乏徵候群
包含 ： 与环境缺碘有关的地域性病况。这种缺碘可
能是直接的 ， 也可能是母体缺碘所致。部份的病况
目前没有甲状腺功能低下 ， 但却是胎儿发育时甲状
腺素分泌不足的後遗症。有时与环境中甲状腺致肿
素有关。
如有需要 ， 使用附码 (F70-F79) 显示有关联的智力迟钝。
不包含 ： 无临床症状的缺碘性甲状腺低能症 （E02)
E22
Hyperfunction of pituitary gland
Excludes: Cushing's syndrome (E24.-)
Nelson's syndrome (E24.1)
overproduction of:
. ACTH not associated with Cushing's disease (E27.0)
. pituitary ACTH (E24.0)
. thyroid-stimulating hormone (E05.8)
脑下垂体高能症
不包含 ： 库欣氏 (Cushing's) 徵候群 (E24.-)
尼尔森氏 (Nelson's) 徵候群 (E24.1)
过份分泌 ：
． 肾上腺皮促素 ， 与库欣氏疾病无关 (E27.0)
． 脑垂腺肾上腺皮促素 (E24.0)
． 甲状腺促素 (E05.8)
E22.0
Acromegaly and pituitary gigantism
Arthropathy associated with acromegaly+(M14.5*)
Overproduction of growth hormone
Excludes: constitutional:
. gigantism (E34.4)
. tall stature (E34.4)
increased secretion from endocrine pancreas of
growth hormone-releasing hormone (E16.8)
肢端肥大症及脑垂腺性巨人症
与肢端肥大症有关联的关节病 + (M14.5*)
生长素过份分泌
不包含 ： 体质性 ：
． 巨人症 （E34.4）
． 高大身材 （E34.4）
内分泌胰脏分泌过多的生长素释素 （E16.8)
E25.0
Congenital adrenogenital disorders associated with enzyme deficiency
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
21-Hydroxylase deficiency
Salt-losing congenital adrenal hyperplasia
与酵素缺乏有关的先天性肾上皮性生殖疾患
先天性肾上腺增生
2 1 - 羟化缺乏症
失盐型先天性肾上腺增生
E27.0
Other adrenocortical overactivity
Overproduction of ACTH, not associated with Cushing's disease
Premature adrenarche
Excludes: Cushing's syndrome (E24.-)
其他的肾上腺皮质机能亢进
肾上腺皮质素过份分泌 ， 与库欣氏 (Cushing's) 疾病无关
者
早发性肾上腺初徵
不包含 ： 库欣氏 (Cushing's) 徵候群 (E24.-)
E34.0
Carcinoid syndrome
Note: May be used as an additional code, if desired, to identify functional activity
associated with a carcinoid tumour.
类癌徵候群
注 ： 如有需要 ， 可当附码使用 ， 确认与类癌肿瘤有
关的官能活动。
E85.3
Secondary systemic amyloidosis
Haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis
续发性、全身性类淀粉变性
血液透析有关的类淀粉变性
F06
Other mental disorders due to brain damage and dysfunction and to
physical disease
Includes miscellaneous conditions causally related to brain disorder due to primary
cerebral disease, to systemic disease affecting the brain secondarily, to exogenous toxic
substances or hormones, to endocrine disorders, or to other somatic illnesses.
Excludes: associated with:
. delirium (F05.-)
. dementia as classified in F00-F03
resulting from use of alcohol and other psychoactive substances (F10-F19)
其他由於脑部损伤与功能失调以及身体疾病所导致
之精神疾患
此分类包含肇因於下列种种原因引起脑功能障碍之
种种情况 ， 诸如原发性大脑疾病、续发性地影响脑
部之系统性疾病、诸如库欣氏徵候群之内分泌疾患
或其他身体性疾病、以及某些外因性毒性物质〔但
不包含分类於 F10-F19 中之酒精与药物〕、荷尔蒙或其
他身体疾病。
不包含 ：
． 伴随於谵妄之精神疾患 (F05.-)
． 伴随着分类於 F00-F03 之痴呆的精神疾患
因酒精或其他精神作用物质引起者
F06.1
Organic catatonic disorder
A disorder of diminished (stupor) or increased (excitement) psychomotor activity
associated with catatonic symptoms. The extremes of psychomotor disturbance may alternate.
.6
Amnesic syndrome
A syndrome associated with chronic prominent impairment of recent and remote memory.
Immediate recall is usually preserved and recent memory is characteristically more
disturbed than remote memory. Disturbances of time sense and ordering of events are
usually evident, as are difficulties in learning new material. Confabulation may be marked
but is not invariably present. Other cognitive functions are usually relatively well
preserved and amnesic defects are out of proportion to other disturbances.
Amnesic disorder, alcohol- or drug-induced
Korsakov's psychosis or syndrome, alcohol- or other psychoactive substance-induced or
unspecified
Excludes: nonalcoholic Korsakov's psychosis or syndrome (F04)
失忆徵候群
此徵候群为近程或远程记忆出现明显的慢性衰退 ，
但立即回忆仍能保持完整 ， 近程记忆均比远程记忆
之障碍为明显。时间感及安排事物的次序性常有显
着的障碍 ， 学习新的事物也会感到十分困难。虚谈
现象可能很明显 ， 但却不一定都会出现。其他认知
功能有时尚能保存的不错 ， 惟记忆缺失的症状比其
他障碍严重的多。
失忆徵候群 ， 酒精或其他精神作用物质所引起。
柯沙科夫 (Korsakov) 精神病症或徵候群 ， 酒精或其他精神
作用物质所起或未明示的
不包含 ： 非酒精性科沙科夫精神病症或徵候群 （F04）
F20.4
Post-schizophrenic depression
A depressive episode, which may he prolonged, arising in the aftermath of a sehizophrenie
illness. Some sehizophrenie symptoms, either "positive" or "negative",
must still be present but they no longer dominate the clinical picture. These depressive
states are associated with an increased risk of suicide. If the patient no longer has any
schizophrenic symptoms, a depressive episode should be diagnosed (F32.-). If schizophrenic
symptoms are still florid and prominent, the diagnosis should remain that of the
appropriate of the schizophrenic subtype (F20.0-F20.3) .
精神分裂後忧郁症
它是一种精神分裂症恢复期之郁症发作 ， 它可能是
持久性之郁症发作。一定要有某些精神分裂症症状
， 但已不明显 ， 这些症状可能是正性或负性症状。
此郁症与自杀率升高有相关性。若病人已无精神分
裂症症状 ， 则应诊断为郁症发作 （F32.-) 。若仍有丰富
而明显的精神分裂症症状 ， 则仍应将其归类於适合
的精神分裂症亚型分类 (F20.0-F20.3) 。
F23
Acute and transient psychotic disorders
A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the acute onset of psychotic symptoms
such as delusions, hallucinations, and perceptual disturbances, and by the severe
disruption of ordinary behaviour. Acute onset is defined as a crescendo development of a
clearly abnormal clinical picture in about two weeks or less. For these disorders there is
no evidence of organic causation. Perplexity and puzzlement are often present but
disorientation for time, place and person is not persistent or severe enough to justify a
diagnosis of organically caused delirium (F05.-). Complete recovery usually occurs within
a few months, often within a few weeks or even days. If the disorder persists, a change in
classification will be necessary. The disorder may or may not be associated with acute
stress, defined as usually stressful events preceding the onset by one to two weeks.
急性与短暂性精神病症
此类具高异质性之疾病 ， 其特徵是精神病性症状 ，
如妄想、幻觉、知觉障碍等之急性发作 ， 对日常生
活有严重干扰。急性发作是二星期内渐进性发作。
没有器质性病因之存在。常有迷惘或迷惑之症状 ，
但对人、地与时间之定向感障碍之持续性与严重性
均不足以明显到可做器质性谵妄 (F05.-) 之诊断。一般
在几个月、几星期或甚至几天内即完全恢复。若症
状持续 ， 则要改变诊断。此疾病不一定与急性压力
有关 ， 所谓急性压力是病前一、二星期内压力事件
之发生。
Mood [affective] disorders (F30-F39)
This block contains disorders in which the fundamental disturbance is a change in affect
or mood to depression (with or without associated anxiety) or to elation. The mood change
is usually accompanied by a change in the overall level of activity; most of the other
symptoms are either secondary to, or easily understood in the context of, the change in
mood and activity. Most of these disorders tend to be recurrent and the onset of
individual episodes can often be related to stressful events or situations.
情感疾病 （F30-F39）
本节包含基本障碍是情感改变的疾病 ， 情感或忧郁
（ 同时或有或无焦虑 ） 或高昂。情感的改变均同时
有整体活动量的改变。其伴随的大多数症状都是情
绪及活动变化而来。这些疾病有复发的倾向 ， 通常
每次发作与压力事件或情境相关。
F32
Depressive episode
In typical mild, moderate, or severe depressive episodes, the patient suffers from
lowering of mood, reduction of energy, and decrease in activity. Capacity for enjoyment,
interest, and concentration is reduced, and marked tiredness after even minimum effort is
common. Sleep is usually disturbed and appetite diminished. Self-esteem and self-
confidence are almost always reduced and, even in the mild form, some ideas of guilt or
worthlessness are often present. The lowered mood varies little from day to day, is
unresponsive to circumstances and may be accompanied by so-called "somatic"
symptoms, such as loss of interest and pleasurable feelings, waking in the morning several
hours before the usual time, depression worst in the morning, marked psychomotor
retardation, agitation, loss of appetite, weight loss, and loss of libido. Depending upon
the number and severity of the symptoms, a depressive episode may be specified as mild,
moderate or severe.
Includes: single episodes of:
. depressive reaction
. psychogenic depression
. reactive depression
Excludes: adjustment disorder (F43.2)
recurrent depressive disorder (F33.-)
when associated with conduct disorders in F91.- (F92.0)
郁症发作
典型的轻度 (F32.0) 、中度 (F32.1) 或重度 (F32.2及.3) 忧郁症发
作 ， 患者通常有忧郁情绪 ， 体力下降 ， 活动降低。
快乐感、兴趣、注意力均减低 ， 只稍微做事後即有
明显的疲倦是常见的。睡眠障碍 ， 食欲减低 ， 自我
评价与自信减低 ， 有罪恶感与无用感的意念 （ 甚至
在轻度忧郁发作时亦存在 ） 。每一天的情绪持续低
潮 ， 变化不大 ， 对生活情境常无反应。
上述症状中的一些项目可能很显着 ， 且展现特异之
表徵 ， 此特异表徵被普遍地认为有特殊临床意义。
最典型的例子是所谓的 ＂ 常伴有身体性 (somatic) 症状 ″
， 如失去兴趣或快乐感 ， 较平日睡醒时间更早数小
时睡醒 ， 一天之中早上更加忧郁 ， 精神运动迟滞或
激动 ， 丧失食欲 ， 体重减轻 ， 丧失性欲。由上述症
状数目与严重度 ， 可以区分为轻度 (F32.0) 、中度 （F32.1)
及重度 (F32.3及.3) 忧郁发作。
包含 ： 单一次发作 ：
． 忧郁反应
． 心因性忧郁
． 反应性忧郁
不包含 ： 适应障碍症 （F43.2)
复发性郁症 （F33.-）
伴有 F91.- 之行为障碍症 (F92.0)
Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform
disorders (F40-F48)
Excludes: when associated with conduct disorders in F91.- (F92.8)
精神官能性、压力相关性与拟身体障碍性疾病 (F40-F48)
不包含 ： 伴有行为障碍症者 （F91.-，F92.8) 。
F40
Phobic anxiety disorders
A group of disorders in which anxiety is evoked only, or predominantly, in certain
well-defined situations that are not currently dangerous. As a result these situations are
characteristically avoided or endured with dread. The patient's concern may be focused on
individual symptoms like palpitations or feeling faint and is often associated with
secondary fears of dying, losing control, or going mad. Contemplating entry to the phobic
situation usually generates anticipatory anxiety. Phobic anxiety and depression often
coexist. Whether two diagnoses, phobic anxiety and depressive episode, are needed, or only
one, is determined by the time course of the two conditions and by therapeutic
considerations at the time of consultation.
畏惧焦虑症
当焦虑有在面对一些特定的外界情境或对象下才引
发 ， 该情境对象并不具真正危险性质 ， 个体却无法
忍受而必需规避之 ， 是此障碍的特性。罹患者的顾
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