approval [ ə'pru:vəl] n.赞成，同意；批准
approve [ ə'pru:v] vt.赞成，称许；批准
confirm [ kən'fə:m] vt.证实，肯定；批准
affirm [ ə'fə:m] vt.断言，批准；证实
approve [ə'pru:v] v. 赞成,同意,批准
authorize [ 'ɔ:θəraiz] v.授权,批准
mandate [ 'mændeit] n．命令，指令，v．批准
sanction [ 'sæŋkʃən] n．v．批准，认可
自发罢工,野猫式罢工（未经工会批准的罢工） wildcat strikes
go-ahead n.批准，允许。
"Arrival/Departure record"(Form I-94) （表I-94，入境－出境记录）：移民归化局文件，
在美国入境地点签发，作为外国国民合法进入美国的证明。表上明确注明证件持有者许可在美逗留的期限，
或是确定一个固定的"截止日期"（expiration date），或是注上"D/S"字样。
"D/S"意为"身份有效期"（duration of status），允许证件持有者在美国逗留到达成业经批准的目的为止。
Change of Status （改变身份）：即变换所持非移民签证的种类。改变身份务必得到移民归化局的批准。
Duration of Status（身份有效期）：简称"D/S"。移民归化局在表I-94（参阅"入境－出
境记录"Arrival/Departure Record栏目）上的用词，意为该外国留学生或交流学者在美国逗
留的期限为完成一个（或若干个）业已批准项目的需用时间另加三十天。
Extension of Stay（延长居留期）：签证持有者在美国逗留时间超过表I-94入境－出境记录
所注明的截止日期须经移民归化局批准。
Practical Training（实习）：一个学生在其专业领域内从事的获得批准的全部时间的就业
（full-time employment），可以是在一个教育项目执行期间，也可以是在该项目完成之后。
具有F-1非移民身份的外国学生最多可以从事１２个月的实习；J-1"交流学者"最多可以
从事１８个月的实习，称为"学业培训"（"academic training"）。具有M-1非移民身份
的外国学生，只有在他们的教育项目完成之后才能申请实习，每在校正规学习４个月可允许
其从事１个月的实习。持有F-1、J-1和M-1签证的学生都必须具备大学或交流项目主管机
构的推荐书。F-1学生自愿从事实习（optional practical training）和M-1学生完成学业之后
的实习(post-completion practical training）都必须得到移民归化局的批准。
Transfer（转科或转学）：包括改换学业项目、学习赞助人和学习单位。学生要求开始一项
全新的学业项目必须事先得到移民归化局的批准。仅仅转换学习单位而不改变学业项目则不
需要申请同意。但无论出于何种考虑，任何转科或转学都应事先征得有关学习单位外国学生
咨询顾问的同意，并须领取一份新的"身份合格证书"（Certificate of Eligibility）。
Visa（签证）：一项签署，由护照持有者意愿进入的国家的一个特定授权机构盖印在护照上
面。签证表示该护照业已经过审查，入境的各项条件均已具备，护照持有者已得到许可通行。
签证并不等于一定批准入境，真正的批准要在入境地给予。
工程批准的授权 engineering approved authorization
approval-in-principle
原则上批准
approved scale of quarters furniture
批准家具发放额
authorized absence
特许缺勤；经批准缺勤
authorizing officer
批核人员；批准人员；批签人员
blanket approval
整体批准
ratify 互换批准书〔确认程序〕；通过
official approval 官方批准
The city council approved the building plan.
市议会批准了这项建筑计划。
The new law has received the royal assent.
新的法规已得到国王的批准。
好!
Good. *用来向对方表达愉快、批准、同意、满意等心情。
How is it? (这个怎么样?)
Good. (好!)
It's good.
mandate v.命令;强制;托管;批准
ratify v.批准
sanction n.v.认可;批准;制裁
go through 经历，遭受；详细检查，查找，详细讨论；获得通过，被批准；(with)将…干到底
- get the green light 得到批准
We're got the green light from our dean that we can have some changes on teaching curriculum.
give the green light 给予批准，准许某人干……
The employees can have a day off. The director has given them the green light.
Once the contract is approved by the Chinese government, it is legally binding upon both parties.
合同一经中国政府批准，对双方就有了法律约束力。
批准 [pī zhǔn] /to approve/to ratify/
Until 1977, America owned the canal zone and ran the canal. But after riots in Panama, Congress ratified a treaty restoring territorial rights to Panama and providing for a 22-year transition process to full Panamanian control.
到 1977年之前，美国一直拥有巴拿马运河地区并管理着运河。但是在巴拿马发生了一系列暴乱后，美国国会正式批准了一个协议，将运河的领土权交还给巴拿马并规定经过 22年的过渡期，过渡期后由巴拿马完全掌管运河。
The State Cultural Relics Administration, the institution responsible for protecting China's ancient monuments, denies having granted permission for the Turandot shows.
负责保护中国古迹的机构－国家文物管理局－否认曾批准此次《图兰多》一剧的演出。
" Psychological and emotional considerations do play into this, " said Kevin Johnson of Home Access Health Corporation, a Chicago area manufacturer with the only home HIV test on the market approved by the Food and Drug Administration( FDA).
家庭健康促进协会的凯文·杰克逊是在市场上销售唯一经食品和药品管理局批准的家庭 HIV 测试产品的芝加哥地区制造商，他说： "心理和情绪因素真的起作用。
To gain state permission to manufacture their new model, they had to lug their prototype to the Minister for Light Industry 2,000 km away in Beijing.
为获得国家生产批准证书，他们不得不将他们的产品模型拉到 2, 000公里以外的北京，接受轻工业部部长的审查。
Its rival, F. Hoffmann-La Roche of Switzerland, introduced Tamiflu in October, 1999, but so far has won regulatory approval only in the U.S., Canada and Switzerland.
它的竞争对手，瑞士的罗氏药厂于 1999年 10月推出了名为 Tamiflu 的药物，但是到目前为止只在美国、加拿大和瑞士获得监管机构的批准。
Some students were using their computers to goof off or visit unauthorized websites.
有些学生用电脑来休息怠课；或去访问未批准的网站等等。
Two FDA-approved drugs are currently available for treating the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease-donepezil, marketed under the brand name Aricept, and tacrine( Cognex).
目前可以在市场上买到两种经食品与药物管理局批准生产的药物，用于治疗老年痴呆症──一种是 donepezil ，商标为 Aricept ，另一种是 tacrine ，商标为 Cognex 。
So in 1997, with the Crown Prince of Tonga's permission, Gullichsen and Lyons started Tonic Corp. and began selling Tonga domain names on a first-come, first-served basis.
因此， 1997年，经汤加王储批准后，格利克森和莱昂斯开办了汤尼克公司，开始销售汤加域名，按照先来先办的原则进行。
A: I think I'm at odds with you over the supplying plan.
我想在供应计划问题上我们有分歧。
B: But it's been already approved by the boss.
可老板已经批准了。
A: Then I'll have to talk to him right away.
那么我得马上和他谈谈。
The third step would require ratification by the legislatures of two-thirds of U.N. member states, including all five permanent Security Council members.
第三步是要求联合国三分之二的成员国的立法机构，包括所有5个安理会常任理事国的立法机构来立法批准安理会扩大计划。
President Bush wants Congress to ratify a free-trade agreement with Central American nations. Democrats say the plan weakens labor rights and would cost jobs in the United States.
美国总统布什要求国会批准中美洲国家自由贸易协议，可是民主党说，这个计划会削弱劳工权益，减少美国的就业机会。
In his weekly radio address, President Bush again called on Congress to ratify that plan, known as the Central America and Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement, or CAFTA.
布什总统在每周广播讲话中再一次呼吁国会批准这个计划，也就是中美洲和多米尼加共和国自由贸易协议，或者简称为中美洲自由贸易协议。
The Senate Foreign Relations Committee is to vote next Tuesday on the Bolton nomination. Its hearings on the issue were marked by charges that Mr. Bolton, as Under-Secretary of State for arms control, bullied intelligence analysts he perceived to be impeding his policy goals.
国会参议院外交关系委员会下星期二将就是否批准博尔顿的提名进行表决。在博尔顿的提名听证会上，有人指责说，他在担任负责军备控制事务的国务次卿时，粗暴地对待那些他认为阻碍了自己政策目标的情报分析人员。
The world's first treaty aimed at cutting tobacco-related deaths has come into force. The World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control becomes legally binding upon countries that have ratified the landmark agreement.
全球第一个力求减少与香烟有关的死亡的条约《世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约》开始生效。对正式批准条约的国家来说，这项国际公约具有法律约束力。
In all, 167 countries have signed the treaty. But, it is legally binding only for the 57 countries that have ratified it. The treaty sets standards and guidelines for tobacco advertising, pricing and smuggling. It also aims to limit non-smokers' exposure to other people's smoke.
总共有167个国家签署了条约，不过，只有57个 国家已经正式批准条约，烟草控制公约只在这五十几个国家内具有法律约束力。条约订定了有关香烟广告、价格和走私等的标准和准则，同时还保护不吸烟者少受吸烟者的污染。
Anti-tobacco activists are concerned that the treaty will be weakened because powerful countries such as the United States and China have not yet ratified it. However, they point out that some of the largest tobacco growers, such as India, as well as big cigarette-producing countries, such as Britain and Turkey, have become part of the treaty.
反烟活动人士担忧，由于美国和中国等大国尚未批准条约，它的影响力将逐渐减弱。但是他们指出，英国和土耳其等部份主要烟草生产国已经成为执行条约国的一员。
WHO officials accuse the tobacco industry of trying to subvert the treaty by pressuring countries not to ratify it. Leading tobacco companies, such as British-American Tobacco and Philip Morris, deny these charges. They are on record as saying that they believe the treaty is important and they support it.
世界卫生组织官员指责烟草工业试图向各国政府施压，要各国不要批准条约。主要的烟草公司，例如英美烟草集团以及菲利普·莫里斯公司则否认这一指控。烟草公司的公开立场是，他们相信这项条约非常重要，而且也支持条约。
The crackdown came after the country's Ministry of Culture last year ordered local governments across China not to approve any new internet cafes within 200 meters of school campuses.
这次关闭行动是既国家文化部去年命令全国当地政府不要批准在校园周围200米内建立任何新的网吧。
Iraqi voters will go to the polls to elect a 275-seat interim national assembly, that will be responsible for writing a new constitution. They will decide late next summer whether to approve that constitution. Elections for a permanent national assembly are expected by the end of next year.
伊拉克选民将选出有275个席位的伊拉克临时国民议会，而这个议会将会负责起草新宪法。他们将在明年夏末时决定是否批准宪法。国民议会的正式选举可望在明年年底进行。
Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld approved a request from the top U.S. commander in Iraq to extend the rotations of more than 10,000 American troops in the country, while at the same time ordering the deployment of an additional 1500 active duty soldiers. That would put the total number of American troops in Iraq about 150,000 the most since the U.S. led invasion in March of last year.
国防部长拉姆斯菲尔德批准了驻伊拉克美军最高指挥官的要求，把1万多名目前驻扎在伊拉克的美国部队的轮调期延长，同时下令向伊拉克增派1千5百名现役军人。这将使驻伊美军的总人数达到15万人，这是去年三月美国攻入伊拉克以来最多的兵力。
The Kellogg chief executive is the second Latino to be named to a Cabinet post since the president's November 2 election victory. Like Attorney General-designate Alberto Gonzalez, Carlos Gutierrez faces confirmation hearings and a vote in the U.S. Senate. He is expected to be approved easily, a sign perhaps of his standing in the business community, where he is credited with turning around a company plagued by lagging sales and high debt.
这位凯洛格公司的首席执行官是布什总统自11月2号大选胜利以来第二个被提名为内阁成员的拉丁美洲裔人士。就像被提名为司法部长的冈萨雷斯一样，古提雷兹也要面临国会参议院的确认听证和投票批准。预计，参议院对他的批准会比较容易，一个迹象就是古提雷斯目前在商业界的地位。他因为成功地扭转了一个产品滞销、债台高筑的公司而得到业内人士的肯定。
Once confirmed, he will replace the president's long-time friend and confidant, Donald Evans, and he is likely to be the first in a series of high-level appointments to the Bush administration's economic team.
一旦得到参议院的批准，他将会取代深得布什总统信任的埃文斯。埃文斯也是布什的长期朋友。古提雷兹可能是第一个获得布什政府经济团队一系列高级职位的人。
Mr. Arafat's transition was most evident in his approval and support for secret peace talks that led to the Oslo peace accords. He signed the interim agreement with Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin at the White House in 1993, amid high hopes for an end to decades of conflict.
阿拉法特最明显的转变是，他批准并支持举行秘密和平谈判，最后签署了奥斯陆和平协议。1993年，他与以色列总理拉宾在美国白宫签署了临时协议，希望最终结束巴以之间长达几十年的冲突。
grant 批准
approval 批准
type approval 产品定型；形式批准
STOA Subject to Owner’s approval 有待船东批准
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